Matter - ANSWER anything that has mass and occupies space.
States of matter; solid, liquid, and gas
energy - ANSWER the capacity to do work or put the matter into motion.
Energy does not have mass, nor does it take up space
Two forms of Energy: Potential ( stored (inactive energy) and Kinetic ( energy
in action)
Energy can be transformed from potential to kinetic
Forms of energy - ANSWER Chemical
Electrical
Mechanical
Radiant or electromagnetic
Elements - ANSWER All matter is composed of elements.
Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
CARBON, OXYGEN, HYDROGEN, AND NITROGEN MAKE UP 96% OF
THE BODY
- Pure substances comprised of only one type of stoms
- Builiding blocks of biological
Atoms - ANSWER All elements are made up of atoms
-smallest particles of an element with properties of that element
- Atoms are composed of subatomic particles
- Protons=+ charge
- Neutrons= no charge
- Electrons= - charge
~ contains Nucleus and electron shell
Atomic # and Mass # - ANSWER Atomic # = the number of protons
Mass # = the number of prptons plus the number of neutrons in one atom
Isotopes - ANSWER have the same atomic number but different mass
numbers.
, same element with same # of protons and electrons but differ in neutrons
Electron shells - ANSWER inner shells are filled first
- Octect rule: 8 electrons to fill the shell, except 1st ( requires 2)
if shell is filled its INERT ( harmless)
If not then it will react
Ions - ANSWER Cations: Positively charged ions
Anions: Negatively charged ions
Molecules - ANSWER Particles formed when two or more elements combine
through bonding
Compound - ANSWER Is a molecule that is formed if atoms of two more
Different elements combine through covalent ( very strong) bonding
Types of Bonds - ANSWER Chemical Bonds:
- Ionic Bonds
- Covalent Bonds
- Polar
- non Polar
- Hydrogen bonds
Ionic Bonds - ANSWER Bonds formed by ATTRACTION of ions with
OPPOSITE charge.
- can form chemical
- easily dissolve by water
Covalent Bonds - ANSWER A chemical bond between atoms formed by
sharing electrons
-they share to or more valence shell electrons between two atoms
Covalent Bonds: polar vs. nonpolar - ANSWER Non-polar: electrons shared
EQUALLY
Polar: electrons shared unequally
- Molecules has a slightly negative end and a slightly positive end
States of matter; solid, liquid, and gas
energy - ANSWER the capacity to do work or put the matter into motion.
Energy does not have mass, nor does it take up space
Two forms of Energy: Potential ( stored (inactive energy) and Kinetic ( energy
in action)
Energy can be transformed from potential to kinetic
Forms of energy - ANSWER Chemical
Electrical
Mechanical
Radiant or electromagnetic
Elements - ANSWER All matter is composed of elements.
Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
CARBON, OXYGEN, HYDROGEN, AND NITROGEN MAKE UP 96% OF
THE BODY
- Pure substances comprised of only one type of stoms
- Builiding blocks of biological
Atoms - ANSWER All elements are made up of atoms
-smallest particles of an element with properties of that element
- Atoms are composed of subatomic particles
- Protons=+ charge
- Neutrons= no charge
- Electrons= - charge
~ contains Nucleus and electron shell
Atomic # and Mass # - ANSWER Atomic # = the number of protons
Mass # = the number of prptons plus the number of neutrons in one atom
Isotopes - ANSWER have the same atomic number but different mass
numbers.
, same element with same # of protons and electrons but differ in neutrons
Electron shells - ANSWER inner shells are filled first
- Octect rule: 8 electrons to fill the shell, except 1st ( requires 2)
if shell is filled its INERT ( harmless)
If not then it will react
Ions - ANSWER Cations: Positively charged ions
Anions: Negatively charged ions
Molecules - ANSWER Particles formed when two or more elements combine
through bonding
Compound - ANSWER Is a molecule that is formed if atoms of two more
Different elements combine through covalent ( very strong) bonding
Types of Bonds - ANSWER Chemical Bonds:
- Ionic Bonds
- Covalent Bonds
- Polar
- non Polar
- Hydrogen bonds
Ionic Bonds - ANSWER Bonds formed by ATTRACTION of ions with
OPPOSITE charge.
- can form chemical
- easily dissolve by water
Covalent Bonds - ANSWER A chemical bond between atoms formed by
sharing electrons
-they share to or more valence shell electrons between two atoms
Covalent Bonds: polar vs. nonpolar - ANSWER Non-polar: electrons shared
EQUALLY
Polar: electrons shared unequally
- Molecules has a slightly negative end and a slightly positive end
