1. Which one of the following statements concerning nucleotides is
INCORRECT?
(_____) a. Catabolism is always enhanced by an AMP-activated protein kinase.
(_____) b. Nucleotides always contain a base, a sugar, and one or more
phosphates.
(_____) c. All ATPases release the products phosphate and ADP right after
hydrolysis.
(_____) d. RNA always contains nucleotides derived from ATP and related
ribonucleotides. - ANSWER c. All ATPases release the products phosphate
and ADP right after hydrolysis.
Which one of the following statements concerning covalent versus noncovalent
interactions is CORRECT? (_____) a. In glycoproteins, tight attachment of a
polysaccharide to a polypeptide is primarily mediated by hydrogen bonds.
(_____) b. Protein phosphorylation is primarily regulated by changes in activity
of phosphoprotein phosphatases that break the covalent bond between
phosphate and protein.
(_____) c. In allosteric regulation, binding of a small molecule ligand to a
protein is never mediated by covalent bonds.
(_____) d. Protein-protein interactions in intracellular signaling pathways are
always mediated by changes in covalent bonds between the proteins. -
ANSWER c. In allosteric regulation, binding of a small molecule ligand to a
protein is never mediated by covalent bonds.
Which one of the following is NOT a part of the endomembrane system?
(_____) a. mitochondria
(_____) b. lysosome
(_____) c. vesicles
(_____) d. Golgi apparatus - ANSWER a. mitochondria
Which one of the following statements is NOT true of cilia and flagella?
,(_____) a. Cilia and flagella are each covered by plasma membrane.
(_____) b. Cilia that function as "signal-receiving" antenna are typically motile.
(_____) c. Dynein motor proteins are used to generate movement.
(_____) d. Pairs of microtubules line up next to each other, forming a ring of 9
doublets. - ANSWER b. Cilia that function as "signal-receiving" antenna are
typically motile.
Which one of the following pairs DOES exist?
(_____) a. Heavily phosphorylated Rb bound to the transcription factor E2F
(_____) b. RAS-GDP bound to the protein kinase RAF
(_____) c. K+ bound tightly to the cytosolic side of a nonphosphorylated
Na+K+ pump
(_____) d. The adapter protein Grb2 bound to the (RAS) guanine nucleotide
exchange factor called SOS in the absence of growth factor. - ANSWER d.
The adapter protein Grb2 bound to the (RAS) guanine nucleotide exchange
factor called SOS in the absence of growth factor.
Which one of the following statements concerning enzymes is INCORRECT?
(_____) a. Enzymes have active sites where catalysis occurs.
(_____) b. Enzymes speed up reactions but do not determine the direction of the
reaction.
(_____) c. Enzymes have highly specific binding sites for their substrates.
(_____) d. Enzymes typically do not change shape during catalysis. -
ANSWER d. Enzymes typically do not change shape during catalysis.
Which one of the following statements concerning the plasma membrane and
phospholipid bilayer is FALSE?(_____) a. Phospholipids commonly move
(flip-flop) from one leaflet to the other of the bilayer.
(_____) b. Transmembrane proteins have polysaccharides on the extracellular
side but never on the cytosolic side.
(_____) c. Where they cross the phospholipid bilayer, transporter proteins have
nonpolar outsides and polar insides.
(_____) d. Due to steric interactions and hydrophobic interactions,
phospholipids spontaneously form a bilayer-bounded vesicle in water. -
ANSWER a. Phospholipids commonly move (flip-flop) from one leaflet to the
other of the bilayer.
, Which one of the following polymers has monomers that are NOT connected by
covalent bonds?
(_____) a. Polypeptide
(_____) b. Actin filament
(_____) c. DNA
(_____) d. Glycogen, a polysaccharide - ANSWER b. Actin filament
Which one of the following statements concerning genes and alleles is
CORRECT?
(_____) a. Two alleles for a gene separate from each other during gamete
formation.
(_____) b. The only influence on a phenotype is the genotype of the organism.
(_____) c. A dominant allele is always completely dominant to the other allele
of the same gene.
(_____) d. Each person receives two alleles of a gene from a parent. -
ANSWER a. Two alleles for a gene separate from each other during gamete
formation.
Which one of the following comparisons of reduced vs oxidized molecules is
INCORRECT?
(_____) a. Glucose more oxidized than pyruvate
(_____) b. Pyruvate more reduced than CO2
(_____) c. NADH more reduced than O2
(_____) d. pyruvate more oxidized than ethanol - ANSWER a. Glucose more
oxidized than pyruvate
Which one of the following statements concerning DNA structure is
INCORRECT?
(_____) a. In the typical DNA molecule, breaking the one bond between C and
T on one strand is more difficult than breaking the three bonds between C and G
on opposite strands.
3(_____) b. RNA synthesis (transcription) using a chromosomal DNA template
does not require a primer.(_____) c. In the usual double-stranded DNA, the
nucleotide sequence of one strand is the reverse of that on the complementary,
antiparallel strand
(_____) d. The mismatch repair system uses the difference in methylation
between the two strands of DNA to determine which one of the two nucleotides
of a mismatched base pair needs replacing. - ANSWER c. In the usual double-
INCORRECT?
(_____) a. Catabolism is always enhanced by an AMP-activated protein kinase.
(_____) b. Nucleotides always contain a base, a sugar, and one or more
phosphates.
(_____) c. All ATPases release the products phosphate and ADP right after
hydrolysis.
(_____) d. RNA always contains nucleotides derived from ATP and related
ribonucleotides. - ANSWER c. All ATPases release the products phosphate
and ADP right after hydrolysis.
Which one of the following statements concerning covalent versus noncovalent
interactions is CORRECT? (_____) a. In glycoproteins, tight attachment of a
polysaccharide to a polypeptide is primarily mediated by hydrogen bonds.
(_____) b. Protein phosphorylation is primarily regulated by changes in activity
of phosphoprotein phosphatases that break the covalent bond between
phosphate and protein.
(_____) c. In allosteric regulation, binding of a small molecule ligand to a
protein is never mediated by covalent bonds.
(_____) d. Protein-protein interactions in intracellular signaling pathways are
always mediated by changes in covalent bonds between the proteins. -
ANSWER c. In allosteric regulation, binding of a small molecule ligand to a
protein is never mediated by covalent bonds.
Which one of the following is NOT a part of the endomembrane system?
(_____) a. mitochondria
(_____) b. lysosome
(_____) c. vesicles
(_____) d. Golgi apparatus - ANSWER a. mitochondria
Which one of the following statements is NOT true of cilia and flagella?
,(_____) a. Cilia and flagella are each covered by plasma membrane.
(_____) b. Cilia that function as "signal-receiving" antenna are typically motile.
(_____) c. Dynein motor proteins are used to generate movement.
(_____) d. Pairs of microtubules line up next to each other, forming a ring of 9
doublets. - ANSWER b. Cilia that function as "signal-receiving" antenna are
typically motile.
Which one of the following pairs DOES exist?
(_____) a. Heavily phosphorylated Rb bound to the transcription factor E2F
(_____) b. RAS-GDP bound to the protein kinase RAF
(_____) c. K+ bound tightly to the cytosolic side of a nonphosphorylated
Na+K+ pump
(_____) d. The adapter protein Grb2 bound to the (RAS) guanine nucleotide
exchange factor called SOS in the absence of growth factor. - ANSWER d.
The adapter protein Grb2 bound to the (RAS) guanine nucleotide exchange
factor called SOS in the absence of growth factor.
Which one of the following statements concerning enzymes is INCORRECT?
(_____) a. Enzymes have active sites where catalysis occurs.
(_____) b. Enzymes speed up reactions but do not determine the direction of the
reaction.
(_____) c. Enzymes have highly specific binding sites for their substrates.
(_____) d. Enzymes typically do not change shape during catalysis. -
ANSWER d. Enzymes typically do not change shape during catalysis.
Which one of the following statements concerning the plasma membrane and
phospholipid bilayer is FALSE?(_____) a. Phospholipids commonly move
(flip-flop) from one leaflet to the other of the bilayer.
(_____) b. Transmembrane proteins have polysaccharides on the extracellular
side but never on the cytosolic side.
(_____) c. Where they cross the phospholipid bilayer, transporter proteins have
nonpolar outsides and polar insides.
(_____) d. Due to steric interactions and hydrophobic interactions,
phospholipids spontaneously form a bilayer-bounded vesicle in water. -
ANSWER a. Phospholipids commonly move (flip-flop) from one leaflet to the
other of the bilayer.
, Which one of the following polymers has monomers that are NOT connected by
covalent bonds?
(_____) a. Polypeptide
(_____) b. Actin filament
(_____) c. DNA
(_____) d. Glycogen, a polysaccharide - ANSWER b. Actin filament
Which one of the following statements concerning genes and alleles is
CORRECT?
(_____) a. Two alleles for a gene separate from each other during gamete
formation.
(_____) b. The only influence on a phenotype is the genotype of the organism.
(_____) c. A dominant allele is always completely dominant to the other allele
of the same gene.
(_____) d. Each person receives two alleles of a gene from a parent. -
ANSWER a. Two alleles for a gene separate from each other during gamete
formation.
Which one of the following comparisons of reduced vs oxidized molecules is
INCORRECT?
(_____) a. Glucose more oxidized than pyruvate
(_____) b. Pyruvate more reduced than CO2
(_____) c. NADH more reduced than O2
(_____) d. pyruvate more oxidized than ethanol - ANSWER a. Glucose more
oxidized than pyruvate
Which one of the following statements concerning DNA structure is
INCORRECT?
(_____) a. In the typical DNA molecule, breaking the one bond between C and
T on one strand is more difficult than breaking the three bonds between C and G
on opposite strands.
3(_____) b. RNA synthesis (transcription) using a chromosomal DNA template
does not require a primer.(_____) c. In the usual double-stranded DNA, the
nucleotide sequence of one strand is the reverse of that on the complementary,
antiparallel strand
(_____) d. The mismatch repair system uses the difference in methylation
between the two strands of DNA to determine which one of the two nucleotides
of a mismatched base pair needs replacing. - ANSWER c. In the usual double-
