Complex I e- donor - ANSWER NADH- donates 1H+ and 2e- in matrix (P:O
ratio 2.5:1)
Complex IIa e- donor - ANSWER Succinate donates 2H+ and 2e- in matrix
(P:O ratio 1.5:1)
Complex IIb e- donor - ANSWER L-3-P (glycerol-3-phosphate) donates 2H+
and 2e- in IMS (P:O ratio 1.5:1)
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) - ANSWER Only the lipid component of ETC (diffuses
within the membrane), donates/accepts 2H+ and 2e-. Collects e- from
Complexes I, IIa, IIb and transfers to III.
Cytochrome C (C) - ANSWER Accepts 2e- from Complex III, donates to IV.
Diffuses along exterior surface IMM.
H+ transport out of matrix - ANSWER Complex I (4H+) and IV (2H+)
Consumption of H+ in the matrix - ANSWER Complex I (1H+) when FMN is
reduced
Complex IV (2H+) when 1/2O2 is reduced
Complex III (2H+) when CoQ reduces Complex III
F0 baseplate - ANSWER Embeds ATPase in IMM, contains transmembrane
H+ channel
F1 head - ANSWER Contains 3 active sites (Open, Loose, Tight) at which H+
can bind, rotates 360º for 9H+ that pass through, 3 ATP generated per full
rotation
Amytal - ANSWER ETC inhibitor, binds to complex I, blocks e- transfer to
CoQ
, Rotenone - ANSWER ETC inhibitor, binds to complex I in fish and insects to
block e- transfer to CoQ
Antimycin-A - ANSWER ETC inhibitor, blocks e- transport from complex III
to C
Cyanide (CN-) and CO - ANSWER bind to complex IV to block e- transfer to
O2
DNP - ANSWER H+ gradient inhibitor (uncoupler), can carry H+ through
membrane to dissipate H+ gradient
Oligomycin - ANSWER ATPase inhibitor by blocking H+ from passing
through
e- transfer in CETC - ANSWER H2O primary e- donor
NADPH terminal e- acceptor
-NADP+ reduced by 2e- and 1H+
NADPH vs NADH - ANSWER NADPH required for anabolic rxns as
reducing agent
NADH required for catabolic rxns as oxidizing agent
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation - ANSWER rxn to synthesize ATP by direct
phosphorylation through 1. redox rxn to make high-energy intermediate 2.
phosphorylation of ADP
Hydrolase - ANSWER cleaves molecule by transferring part of it to H2O
Oxidoreductase - ANSWER catalyzes redox rxns
Dehydrogenase - ANSWER type of oxidoreductase, catalyzes any rxn
involving NADH
Isomerase - ANSWER intramolecular rearrangement
Transferase - ANSWER transfer of groups between molecules
ratio 2.5:1)
Complex IIa e- donor - ANSWER Succinate donates 2H+ and 2e- in matrix
(P:O ratio 1.5:1)
Complex IIb e- donor - ANSWER L-3-P (glycerol-3-phosphate) donates 2H+
and 2e- in IMS (P:O ratio 1.5:1)
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) - ANSWER Only the lipid component of ETC (diffuses
within the membrane), donates/accepts 2H+ and 2e-. Collects e- from
Complexes I, IIa, IIb and transfers to III.
Cytochrome C (C) - ANSWER Accepts 2e- from Complex III, donates to IV.
Diffuses along exterior surface IMM.
H+ transport out of matrix - ANSWER Complex I (4H+) and IV (2H+)
Consumption of H+ in the matrix - ANSWER Complex I (1H+) when FMN is
reduced
Complex IV (2H+) when 1/2O2 is reduced
Complex III (2H+) when CoQ reduces Complex III
F0 baseplate - ANSWER Embeds ATPase in IMM, contains transmembrane
H+ channel
F1 head - ANSWER Contains 3 active sites (Open, Loose, Tight) at which H+
can bind, rotates 360º for 9H+ that pass through, 3 ATP generated per full
rotation
Amytal - ANSWER ETC inhibitor, binds to complex I, blocks e- transfer to
CoQ
, Rotenone - ANSWER ETC inhibitor, binds to complex I in fish and insects to
block e- transfer to CoQ
Antimycin-A - ANSWER ETC inhibitor, blocks e- transport from complex III
to C
Cyanide (CN-) and CO - ANSWER bind to complex IV to block e- transfer to
O2
DNP - ANSWER H+ gradient inhibitor (uncoupler), can carry H+ through
membrane to dissipate H+ gradient
Oligomycin - ANSWER ATPase inhibitor by blocking H+ from passing
through
e- transfer in CETC - ANSWER H2O primary e- donor
NADPH terminal e- acceptor
-NADP+ reduced by 2e- and 1H+
NADPH vs NADH - ANSWER NADPH required for anabolic rxns as
reducing agent
NADH required for catabolic rxns as oxidizing agent
Substrate-Level Phosphorylation - ANSWER rxn to synthesize ATP by direct
phosphorylation through 1. redox rxn to make high-energy intermediate 2.
phosphorylation of ADP
Hydrolase - ANSWER cleaves molecule by transferring part of it to H2O
Oxidoreductase - ANSWER catalyzes redox rxns
Dehydrogenase - ANSWER type of oxidoreductase, catalyzes any rxn
involving NADH
Isomerase - ANSWER intramolecular rearrangement
Transferase - ANSWER transfer of groups between molecules
