Chapter 30: Urinary System and Pathologies
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which term means study of kidney function?
a. Neurology
b. Enterology
c. Nephrology
d. Urology
ANS: C
Urology is the study of the urinary system and nephrology is the study of kidney function.
2. Which function does the urinary system perform?
a. Exchange of gases
b. Movement of the body
c. Regulation of the digestive process
d. Regulation of blood volume
ANS: D
The urinary system regulates eliminates wastes, regulates chemical composition of blood,
regulates blood pH, regulates blood volume and fluid balance, regulates blood pressure,
regulates red blood cell production, and helps maintain homeostasis.
3. Which structure is the principal organ of the urinary system?
a. Lung
b. Bladder
c. Kidney
d. Prostate
ANS: C
The kidneys, the two principal organs of the urinary system, are located bilaterally at the
spinal level of T11 to L3.
4. Which term refers to the indentation located on the medial side of the kidney?
a. Pelvis
b. Hilus
c. Bladder
d. Nephron
ANS: B
The medial indentation where structures such as the renal arteries, veins, and ureters enter and
exit is called the hilus.
5. If one kidney is removed, the other kidney increases its filtering capacity to what percentage
of that of two normal kidneys?
a. 50%
b. 60%
c. 80%
, d. 100%
ANS: C
If one kidney is removed, the other will then increase its filtering capacity up to 80% of the
capacity of two normal kidneys.
6. What is the outer region of the kidney called?
a. Cortex
b. Dermal
c. Parietal
d. Medulla
ANS: A
Each kidney has two main regions. The outer region is the cortex and the inner region is the
medulla.
7. What is the filtering unit of the kidneys called?
a. Pelvis
b. Hilum
c. Bladder
d. Nephron
ANS: D
The kidneys are composed of filtering units called nephrons. Nephrons are specialized
tube-shaped structures that filter blood, reabsorb nutrients, and form and excrete urine.
8. Which structures are the two main regions of the nephron?
a. Renal artery and renal
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b. Renal cortex and renal medulla
c. Renal corpuscle and renal tubule
d. Renal viscera and renal periphery
ANS: C
Each nephron has a vascular component, called the renal corpuscle which is made up of a
glomerulus and a Bowman capsule, and a tubular component, called the renal tubule.
9. What are the two main components of the renal corpuscle?
a. Cortex and medulla
b. Pyramids and columns
c. Bowman capsule and glomerulus
d. Seminal vesicles and epididymis
ANS: C
Each nephron has a vascular component, called the renal corpuscle which is made up of a
glomerulus and a Bowman capsule.
10. What are the clusters of capillaries within the renal corpuscles called?
a. Pyramid
b. Trigone
c. Microvilli
d. Glomeruli
Salvo: Massage Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which term means study of kidney function?
a. Neurology
b. Enterology
c. Nephrology
d. Urology
ANS: C
Urology is the study of the urinary system and nephrology is the study of kidney function.
2. Which function does the urinary system perform?
a. Exchange of gases
b. Movement of the body
c. Regulation of the digestive process
d. Regulation of blood volume
ANS: D
The urinary system regulates eliminates wastes, regulates chemical composition of blood,
regulates blood pH, regulates blood volume and fluid balance, regulates blood pressure,
regulates red blood cell production, and helps maintain homeostasis.
3. Which structure is the principal organ of the urinary system?
a. Lung
b. Bladder
c. Kidney
d. Prostate
ANS: C
The kidneys, the two principal organs of the urinary system, are located bilaterally at the
spinal level of T11 to L3.
4. Which term refers to the indentation located on the medial side of the kidney?
a. Pelvis
b. Hilus
c. Bladder
d. Nephron
ANS: B
The medial indentation where structures such as the renal arteries, veins, and ureters enter and
exit is called the hilus.
5. If one kidney is removed, the other kidney increases its filtering capacity to what percentage
of that of two normal kidneys?
a. 50%
b. 60%
c. 80%
, d. 100%
ANS: C
If one kidney is removed, the other will then increase its filtering capacity up to 80% of the
capacity of two normal kidneys.
6. What is the outer region of the kidney called?
a. Cortex
b. Dermal
c. Parietal
d. Medulla
ANS: A
Each kidney has two main regions. The outer region is the cortex and the inner region is the
medulla.
7. What is the filtering unit of the kidneys called?
a. Pelvis
b. Hilum
c. Bladder
d. Nephron
ANS: D
The kidneys are composed of filtering units called nephrons. Nephrons are specialized
tube-shaped structures that filter blood, reabsorb nutrients, and form and excrete urine.
8. Which structures are the two main regions of the nephron?
a. Renal artery and renal
TveEinSTBANKSELLER.COM
b. Renal cortex and renal medulla
c. Renal corpuscle and renal tubule
d. Renal viscera and renal periphery
ANS: C
Each nephron has a vascular component, called the renal corpuscle which is made up of a
glomerulus and a Bowman capsule, and a tubular component, called the renal tubule.
9. What are the two main components of the renal corpuscle?
a. Cortex and medulla
b. Pyramids and columns
c. Bowman capsule and glomerulus
d. Seminal vesicles and epididymis
ANS: C
Each nephron has a vascular component, called the renal corpuscle which is made up of a
glomerulus and a Bowman capsule.
10. What are the clusters of capillaries within the renal corpuscles called?
a. Pyramid
b. Trigone
c. Microvilli
d. Glomeruli
