Chapter 29: Digestive System and Pathologies
Salvo: Massage Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which functions does the digestive system perform?
a. Ingestion, absorption, secretion, and defecation
b. Production of heat, maintenance of posture, and production of movement
c. Gas exchange, olfaction, sound production, and homeostasis
d. Regulation of the reproductive process and helping the body adapt during stress
ANS: A
The digestive system performs ingestion, digestion, secretion, absorption, and defecation.
2. Which process is mixing and propulsion movements?
a. Peristalsis
b. Deglutition
c. Mastication
d. Diaphoresis
ANS: A
The muscle layer is composed of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. This layer is
responsible for mixing and propulsion movements called peristalsis, as well as actions of
swallowing and defecation.
3. Which term refers to the large flat folded serous membrane within the abdominal cavity?
a. Perineum
b. Periosteum
c. Peritoneum
d. Pericardium
ANS: C
The peritoneum is a large flat folded serous membrane within the abdominal cavity. It secretes
serous fluid, which lubricates the viscera and allows peritoneal layers to slide across each
other. The peritoneum anchors digestive organs, blood and lymph vessels, and nerves in the
abdominal cavity, and helps restrict the spread of infection in the abdominal cavity.
4. Which section of the peritoneum contains significant amounts of fat, and resembles an apron?
a. Mesentery
b. Mesocolon
c. Lesser omentum
d. Greater omentum
ANS: D
The greater omentum is a double-layered structure, contains significant amounts of fat, and
resembles an apron.
5. Which structure is the first portion of the gastrointestinal tract?
a. Oral cavity
b. Nasal cavity
, c. Pharynx
d. Esophagus
ANS: A
The oral cavity, or mouth, is the first portion of the GI tract and contains the teeth, tongue, and
openings for the salivary glands.
6. Which term means a small round mass of food?
a. Villus
b. Bolus
c. Chyme
d. Sphincter
ANS: B
As food is chewed, the tongue mixes it with saliva to form a bolus, which is a small round
mass of food.
7. Which substance breaks down carbohydrates?
a. Pepsin
b. Gastrin
c. Lingual lipase
d. Salivary amylase
ANS: D
Salivary amylase, or ptyalin, initiates carbohydrate breakdown.
8. Which substance breaks lipids down into glycerol and fatty acids?
a. Pepsin
b. Gastrin
c. Lingual lipase
d. Salivary amylase
ANS: C
Lingual lipase breaks lipids down into glycerol and fatty acids.
9. Which term means swallowing?
a. Peristalsis
b. Deglutition
c. Mastication
d. Diaphoresis
ANS: B
The pharynx, or throat, is involved with swallowing (deglutition).
10. Which structure aids in the transport of food and liquids from the pharynx to the stomach?
a. Trachea
b. Pharynx
c. Esophagus
d. Duodenum
ANS: C
Salvo: Massage Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which functions does the digestive system perform?
a. Ingestion, absorption, secretion, and defecation
b. Production of heat, maintenance of posture, and production of movement
c. Gas exchange, olfaction, sound production, and homeostasis
d. Regulation of the reproductive process and helping the body adapt during stress
ANS: A
The digestive system performs ingestion, digestion, secretion, absorption, and defecation.
2. Which process is mixing and propulsion movements?
a. Peristalsis
b. Deglutition
c. Mastication
d. Diaphoresis
ANS: A
The muscle layer is composed of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle. This layer is
responsible for mixing and propulsion movements called peristalsis, as well as actions of
swallowing and defecation.
3. Which term refers to the large flat folded serous membrane within the abdominal cavity?
a. Perineum
b. Periosteum
c. Peritoneum
d. Pericardium
ANS: C
The peritoneum is a large flat folded serous membrane within the abdominal cavity. It secretes
serous fluid, which lubricates the viscera and allows peritoneal layers to slide across each
other. The peritoneum anchors digestive organs, blood and lymph vessels, and nerves in the
abdominal cavity, and helps restrict the spread of infection in the abdominal cavity.
4. Which section of the peritoneum contains significant amounts of fat, and resembles an apron?
a. Mesentery
b. Mesocolon
c. Lesser omentum
d. Greater omentum
ANS: D
The greater omentum is a double-layered structure, contains significant amounts of fat, and
resembles an apron.
5. Which structure is the first portion of the gastrointestinal tract?
a. Oral cavity
b. Nasal cavity
, c. Pharynx
d. Esophagus
ANS: A
The oral cavity, or mouth, is the first portion of the GI tract and contains the teeth, tongue, and
openings for the salivary glands.
6. Which term means a small round mass of food?
a. Villus
b. Bolus
c. Chyme
d. Sphincter
ANS: B
As food is chewed, the tongue mixes it with saliva to form a bolus, which is a small round
mass of food.
7. Which substance breaks down carbohydrates?
a. Pepsin
b. Gastrin
c. Lingual lipase
d. Salivary amylase
ANS: D
Salivary amylase, or ptyalin, initiates carbohydrate breakdown.
8. Which substance breaks lipids down into glycerol and fatty acids?
a. Pepsin
b. Gastrin
c. Lingual lipase
d. Salivary amylase
ANS: C
Lingual lipase breaks lipids down into glycerol and fatty acids.
9. Which term means swallowing?
a. Peristalsis
b. Deglutition
c. Mastication
d. Diaphoresis
ANS: B
The pharynx, or throat, is involved with swallowing (deglutition).
10. Which structure aids in the transport of food and liquids from the pharynx to the stomach?
a. Trachea
b. Pharynx
c. Esophagus
d. Duodenum
ANS: C
