Pharmacology drugs (final hesi) evolve Exam

Ten minutes after the initiation of a blood transfusion, a client reports lumbar pain. What is the next nursing action? - ANS Stop the transfusion. The healthcare provider prescribes an intravenous medication for a client who has been admitted for a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. When preparing to initiate an intravenous line, the nurse applies the tourniquet to select the site. When should the nurse release the tourniquet? - ANS When the needle enters the vein A nurse is teaching an older adult client about managing chronic pain with acetaminophen. Which client statement indicates that the teaching is effective? - ANS "I have to be careful about which over-the-counter cold preparations I take when I have a cold." Famotidine (Pepcid) is prescribed for a client with peptic ulcer disease. The client asks the nurse what this medication does. Which action does the nurse mention when replying? - ANS Inhibits gastric acid secretion A client who had a kidney transplant develops leukopenia 3 weeks after surgery. What does the nurse conclude is the most probable cause of the leukopenia? - ANS Antirejection medications After surgery a client develops a deep vein thrombosis and a pulmonary embolus. Heparin via a continuous drip is prescribed. Several hours later, vancomycin intravenously every 12 hours is prescribed. The client has one intravenous (IV) site: a peripheral line in the left forearm. What action should the nurse take? - ANS Start another IV line for the vancomycin and continue the heparin as prescribed. A client is scheduled for a craniotomy to remove a brain tumor. To prevent the development of cerebral edema after surgery, the nurse anticipates the use of drugs from which class? - ANS Steroids A health care provider prescribes ranitidine for a client with heartburn. During a teaching session, which information will the nurse share with the client about how this drug works? - ANS Ranitidine reduces gastric acidity in the stomach A Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) solution is prescribed to infuse one liter every 12 hours for a malnourished client. What is most important for the nurse to monitor? - ANS Serum glucose levels Which medication does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed to relieve anxiety and apprehension in a client with pulmonary edema? - ANS Morphine Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, has been prescribed for a client with hypertension. The client reports hearing that furosemide is more effective and requests a prescription change. How should the nurse respond? - ANS "HCTZ has fewer side effects." Which action should the nurse take first when a client's gravity flow IV rate is too slow? - ANS Evaluate the appearance of the catheter insertion site A client is scheduled for discharge following surgery. The medical record indicates that the client has not had a bowel movement since before surgery, which was 4 days ago. During the hospital stay, the client received a stool softener daily and an oral laxative the day before discharge. Which one of the prescribed medications should the nurse administer to ensure a bowel movement prior to discharge? - ANS Bisacodyl 10-mg suppository A nurse is instructing a group of volunteer nurses on the technique of administering the smallpox vaccine. What injection method should the nurse teach? - ANS Intradermal scratch The health care provider prescribes propylthiouracil (PTU) for a client with the diagnosis of Graves' disease. What should the nurse teach the client when discussing the self-administration of this medication? - ANS Observe for signs of infection A client is diagnosed with tuberculosis associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. What crucial laboratory test results should the nurse review before antitubercular pharmacotherapy is started? - ANS Liver function studies A nurse is administering an intradermal skin test injection to a client. What is the next action the nurse needs to do after the medication has been injected? - ANS Withdraw the needle and place a piece of gauze over the injection site. The person with which type of blood is known to be the universal recipient? - ANS AB A client is considered to be in septic shock when what changes are assessed in the client's labwork? - ANS An increased serum lactate level A nurse is giving an educational program to paramedics who have volunteered to give the smallpox vaccine in a community vaccination drive. Which type of needle and method of administration should the nurse teach the volunteers to use when administering the smallpox vaccine? - ANS Bifurcated needle for 15 injections within 5 mm A client is started on tetracycline antibiotic therapy. What should the nurse do when administering this drug? - ANS Give the medication an hour before milk products are ingested. A healthcare provider prescribes ampicillin for a client with an infection. What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan about this medication? - ANS Notify the healthcare provider if diarrhea develops. A client with a long history of alcohol abuse develops acute pancreatitis. What should be done to best prevent stimulation of the pancreas? - ANS Administer the histamine H2-receptor antagonist as prescribed. Amlodipine is prescribed for a client with hypertension. Which response to the medication should the nurse instruct the client to report to the healthcare provider? - ANS Difficulty breathing The nurse is caring for a client with wound dressings to the burns on 55% of the body. The dressing changes are very painful, and the client rates them 7/10 on the pain scale. The client has morphine 2 mg to be administered by mouth every 2 hours as needed. When planning the client's care, when does the nurse decide to administer the medication? - ANS 60 minutes before the dressing change A client who has been taking ibuprofen for rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse if acetaminophen can be substituted instead. What is the appropriate nursing response? - ANS "Ibuprofen has antiinflammatory properties and acetaminophen does not." The nurse administers 2 units of salt-poor albumin to a client with portal hypertension and ascites. What does the nurse explain to the client regarding the purpose of the albumin? - ANS Albumin elevates the circulating blood volume. The nurse provides medication discharge instructions to a client who received a prescription for digoxin following the client's myocardial infarction. Which statement by the client leads the nurse to conclude that the teaching was effective? - ANS "It will be important to check my radial pulse rate daily." A client is receiving furosemide. For which sign of hypokalemia should the nurse monitor the client? - ANS Flabby muscles A client is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which insulin should the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe? - ANS Regular insulin