Psyc 290 Quiz 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Development refers to the changes over time in a person's... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -
Body
-Cognition
-Behavior
**Development is a continuous process
Four domains of development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- physical, cognitive, personality
and sociocultural
Developmental psychologists - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -focus on common features of
human development
-lifespan is usually divided into developmental periods or stages
Developmental theories - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a set of ideas that help us understand,
explain, and make predictions about people and their development
Major types of human development theories - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -biological
-psychodynamic
-behavioral
-cognitive
Biological theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -studies biological
instructions encoded in the human genome
-focuses on links between brain function, behavior, and thought
Psychodynamic theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -emphasizes role
of unconscious mind and the interactions of psychic processes
-Freud's 3 processes (id, ego, superego) and 5 psychosexual stages
,-Erik Erikson's theory emphasized individual and social interactions (8 stages)
Behavioral theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -focus on processes
that produce observable behavior
-Pavlov: Classical Conditioning, reflexive, biologically based responses to environment
-B.F. Skinner: Operant Conditioning, how rewards and punishment influence our behavior
-Albert Bandura: Social Learning Theory, what we learn from observing others
(***remember Bobo doll!)
Cognitive theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -focus on the processes
that underlie the development of thinking, reasoning, and problem solving
-Jean Piaget: Our minds adapt to new ideas through the processes of assimilating and
accommodating new information to our schemes, or frameworks of knowledge
-Lev Vygotsky: emphasized importance of learning from other people
Nature vs. Nurture definition - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -biology vs. environment
-NATURE: genetic makeup of an individual that directs behaviors and personality
-NURTURE: environment of an individual that makes up their behaviors and personality
Prof. Yost's notes on nature vs nurture... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- People are impacted by
both the environment and their heredity.
-Effects start at conception and end at death
-It is important to understand how these forces interact with each other
Nature vs. Nurture debate research - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- epigenetics or gene
expression
-genes are surrounded by molecules that are a result of the environment
-these molecules or the environment may turn on/off specific genes of an individual
behavior genetics definition - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- trying to understand the genetic
origins of behaviors
, behavior genetics key concepts - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -behavior may be predisposed
by genes but is not completely controlled by it
-behavior genetics look at:
-----statistical correlation/concordance of similar characteristics with genes
Concordance rates - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- proportion of a trait that is thought to result
from genetic factors and forms the basis of estimates of heritability
(aka how likely a trait will be present in someone due to genetics)
Adoption studies - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- how adopted children resemble their adoptive
vs. biological parents
Twin studies - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- compare identical twins for traits thought to bew
heritable
----different traits have different levels of heritability!!
environmental influences - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- environmental factors that affect
learning and behavior
-habituation
-classical conditioning
-operant conditioning
-social learning
Habituation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- decreasing responsiveness with repeated
stimulation
classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- PAVLOV!! remember his drooling
doggies
operant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- (B.F. SKINNER!!!) reward and
consequence
-positive reinforcement
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Development refers to the changes over time in a person's... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -
Body
-Cognition
-Behavior
**Development is a continuous process
Four domains of development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- physical, cognitive, personality
and sociocultural
Developmental psychologists - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -focus on common features of
human development
-lifespan is usually divided into developmental periods or stages
Developmental theories - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- a set of ideas that help us understand,
explain, and make predictions about people and their development
Major types of human development theories - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -biological
-psychodynamic
-behavioral
-cognitive
Biological theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -studies biological
instructions encoded in the human genome
-focuses on links between brain function, behavior, and thought
Psychodynamic theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -emphasizes role
of unconscious mind and the interactions of psychic processes
-Freud's 3 processes (id, ego, superego) and 5 psychosexual stages
,-Erik Erikson's theory emphasized individual and social interactions (8 stages)
Behavioral theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -focus on processes
that produce observable behavior
-Pavlov: Classical Conditioning, reflexive, biologically based responses to environment
-B.F. Skinner: Operant Conditioning, how rewards and punishment influence our behavior
-Albert Bandura: Social Learning Theory, what we learn from observing others
(***remember Bobo doll!)
Cognitive theory of human development - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -focus on the processes
that underlie the development of thinking, reasoning, and problem solving
-Jean Piaget: Our minds adapt to new ideas through the processes of assimilating and
accommodating new information to our schemes, or frameworks of knowledge
-Lev Vygotsky: emphasized importance of learning from other people
Nature vs. Nurture definition - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -biology vs. environment
-NATURE: genetic makeup of an individual that directs behaviors and personality
-NURTURE: environment of an individual that makes up their behaviors and personality
Prof. Yost's notes on nature vs nurture... - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- People are impacted by
both the environment and their heredity.
-Effects start at conception and end at death
-It is important to understand how these forces interact with each other
Nature vs. Nurture debate research - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- epigenetics or gene
expression
-genes are surrounded by molecules that are a result of the environment
-these molecules or the environment may turn on/off specific genes of an individual
behavior genetics definition - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- trying to understand the genetic
origins of behaviors
, behavior genetics key concepts - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -behavior may be predisposed
by genes but is not completely controlled by it
-behavior genetics look at:
-----statistical correlation/concordance of similar characteristics with genes
Concordance rates - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- proportion of a trait that is thought to result
from genetic factors and forms the basis of estimates of heritability
(aka how likely a trait will be present in someone due to genetics)
Adoption studies - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- how adopted children resemble their adoptive
vs. biological parents
Twin studies - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- compare identical twins for traits thought to bew
heritable
----different traits have different levels of heritability!!
environmental influences - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- environmental factors that affect
learning and behavior
-habituation
-classical conditioning
-operant conditioning
-social learning
Habituation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- decreasing responsiveness with repeated
stimulation
classical conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- PAVLOV!! remember his drooling
doggies
operant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- (B.F. SKINNER!!!) reward and
consequence
-positive reinforcement
