Bio 171 Test 1|36 Questions
with Solutions
Give two examples of natural science. - -Physical sciences (physics,
chemistry, mathematics), Life sciences (biology, ecology, biochemistry)
- To follow the scientific method, an observation would be followed by a(n)
_______. - -A question, or hypothesis to answer the question
- The type of reasoning by which several individual cases are used to
generate a general case and is not 100% certain is called ______. - -Inductive
- Describe the difference between basic and applied science. - -Basic
science is done to gain knowledge without immediate benefit while applied
science uses knowledge to address problems that have immediate benefit
- What is the problem of having just one hypothesis? - -You may bias your
experiments and interpretation to support your hypothesis
A fear of failure.
- Which field of inquiry (science or philosophy) developed/or came first? - -
Philosophy
- Describe three ways that science differs from philosophy (2 pt each). - -
Science makes progress over time, philosophy does not.
Science generates agreement over time, philosophy does not.
Science has practical utility, philosophy may not.
Science has a role in public and effects upon people, philosophy generally
does not.
Science involves collaboration among practitioners, philosophy does not.
- Name one scientific field or scientific/technology activity where philosophy
should be applied and justify your answer (any answer is correct as long as
you give a short explanation/justification - this is an opinion question). - -A
scientific field where philosophy should be applied is the study of genetics,
especially reproductive focuses. For example, the new technology that could
allow people to create "designer babies" using fetal stem cell research and
genetic / reproductive science can have moral / ethical complications that
should be considered. Just because science can make something happen
doesn't always mean it always should happen and philosophical deliberation
can assist.
, - Were the early theories on the cardiovascular system developed by
religious individuals or those in the service of the church or by true
experimental scientists? - -Religious individuals
Philosophers
- Briefly describe a specific limitation faced by early researchers on the
pulmonary circuit, described in the article, other than a lack of previous
knowledge. - -Technology was limited, religious practices limited activities,
lack of communication between contemporaries because of distances
- Briefly describe two specific methods by which scientific knowledge about
the pulmonary circuit was communicated historically. - -By word of mouth,
written documents and artwork
- Of the three levels of vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) which one did
Harvey propose even though they had not been observed (but later observed
by Malpighi)? - -Capillaries
- Did Harvey do observational science (look at but not play with) or
experimental science (look and play with/change) to challenge the
contemporary thought (dogma) on the cardiovascular system? - -
Experimental
- What is the biological phenomenon/observation[s] about life on earth that
Dobzhansky addressed in your specific assigned section? - -Unity of Life -
that diverse organisms are constructed from "monotonously similar
materials"
- What examples did he use to illustrate the phenomenon for your specific
section? - -Unity or life > DNA (nucleic acid) code shared by all organisms
- How does evolution help make sense of (or explain) the phenomenon for
your specific section? - -Unity or life > all evolved from the same building
blocks
- Which biological phenomenon/observation do you find to be the most
convincing/most support for evolution? Justify your answer. Any answer is
fine, just explain why you find it the most convincing (or not). - -I believe the
unity of life phenomenon is most convincing for evolution because if we all
start from the same very basic make up but still manage to be continuously
different it means that those basic materials need to change and mutate and
evolve to form different organisms that can survive different environments.
We aren't put on this earth randomly different, there is a method and a
reason to how things changed and evolved.
with Solutions
Give two examples of natural science. - -Physical sciences (physics,
chemistry, mathematics), Life sciences (biology, ecology, biochemistry)
- To follow the scientific method, an observation would be followed by a(n)
_______. - -A question, or hypothesis to answer the question
- The type of reasoning by which several individual cases are used to
generate a general case and is not 100% certain is called ______. - -Inductive
- Describe the difference between basic and applied science. - -Basic
science is done to gain knowledge without immediate benefit while applied
science uses knowledge to address problems that have immediate benefit
- What is the problem of having just one hypothesis? - -You may bias your
experiments and interpretation to support your hypothesis
A fear of failure.
- Which field of inquiry (science or philosophy) developed/or came first? - -
Philosophy
- Describe three ways that science differs from philosophy (2 pt each). - -
Science makes progress over time, philosophy does not.
Science generates agreement over time, philosophy does not.
Science has practical utility, philosophy may not.
Science has a role in public and effects upon people, philosophy generally
does not.
Science involves collaboration among practitioners, philosophy does not.
- Name one scientific field or scientific/technology activity where philosophy
should be applied and justify your answer (any answer is correct as long as
you give a short explanation/justification - this is an opinion question). - -A
scientific field where philosophy should be applied is the study of genetics,
especially reproductive focuses. For example, the new technology that could
allow people to create "designer babies" using fetal stem cell research and
genetic / reproductive science can have moral / ethical complications that
should be considered. Just because science can make something happen
doesn't always mean it always should happen and philosophical deliberation
can assist.
, - Were the early theories on the cardiovascular system developed by
religious individuals or those in the service of the church or by true
experimental scientists? - -Religious individuals
Philosophers
- Briefly describe a specific limitation faced by early researchers on the
pulmonary circuit, described in the article, other than a lack of previous
knowledge. - -Technology was limited, religious practices limited activities,
lack of communication between contemporaries because of distances
- Briefly describe two specific methods by which scientific knowledge about
the pulmonary circuit was communicated historically. - -By word of mouth,
written documents and artwork
- Of the three levels of vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries) which one did
Harvey propose even though they had not been observed (but later observed
by Malpighi)? - -Capillaries
- Did Harvey do observational science (look at but not play with) or
experimental science (look and play with/change) to challenge the
contemporary thought (dogma) on the cardiovascular system? - -
Experimental
- What is the biological phenomenon/observation[s] about life on earth that
Dobzhansky addressed in your specific assigned section? - -Unity of Life -
that diverse organisms are constructed from "monotonously similar
materials"
- What examples did he use to illustrate the phenomenon for your specific
section? - -Unity or life > DNA (nucleic acid) code shared by all organisms
- How does evolution help make sense of (or explain) the phenomenon for
your specific section? - -Unity or life > all evolved from the same building
blocks
- Which biological phenomenon/observation do you find to be the most
convincing/most support for evolution? Justify your answer. Any answer is
fine, just explain why you find it the most convincing (or not). - -I believe the
unity of life phenomenon is most convincing for evolution because if we all
start from the same very basic make up but still manage to be continuously
different it means that those basic materials need to change and mutate and
evolve to form different organisms that can survive different environments.
We aren't put on this earth randomly different, there is a method and a
reason to how things changed and evolved.
