Microbiology Test 1 -Barbosa Questions and Answers Fully Solved 100%

binomial nomenclature - ️️-naming system by Linnaeus (1735) -two names: genus and specific epithet prokaryotic bacteria - ️️-single celled -prenucleus -divide by binary fission -peptidoglycan cell wall -nutrition from organic or inorganic compounds - prokaryotic archaea - ️️-lack peptidoglycan cell wall -live in extreme environments - (methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles) eukaryotic fungi - ️️-distinct nucleus -chitin cell wall -absorb organic chemicals for energy -yeast (uni) molds/mushrooms (multi) Lazzaro Spallanzani - ️️1765 -vital force (needed for SG was destroyed by heat) -suggest microbes formed from air Rudolf Virchow - ️️1858 -biogenesis (living cells arise only from other living cells) Pasteur - ️️-GOOD MAN -resolved whole SG issue -beef broth and flask experiment eukaryotic algae - ️️cellulose cell wall -found in fresh/salt water and air -photosynthesis -produce oxygen and carbohydrates viruses - ️️-acellular -consist of DNA or RNA core -core has protein coat -coat enclosed in lipid envelope -replicate only with host cell-inert outside living hosts multicellular animal parasites - ️️-eukaryotic -not strictly microbes -parasitic flatworm or roundworm or helminths Woese - ️️-classification of microorganisms (bae) (bacteria, archaea, eukarya) spontaneous generation - ️️maggots came out of no where Francesco Redi - ️️-1668 -maggots did not generate spontaneously John Needham - ️️-1745 -claimed microbes developed -supported SG microbes - ️️microorganisms are found everywhere and destroyed by heat golden age of microbiology - ️️- -led by Pasteur and Robert Koch -vaccines -role of immune defense system -study chemicals activities of microbes -surgical techniques -advances in microscopy