SHRM SCP (2024) COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH ANSWERS

SHRM SCP (2024) COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WITH ANSWERS Accounts payable - ANSWER Money an organization owes its vendors and suppliers. Accounts receivable - ANSWER Money an organization's customers owe the organization. ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA) - ANSWER Amendments to U.S. Americans with Disabilities Act covering the definition of individuals regarded as having a disability, mitigating measures, and other rules of construction to guide the analysis of what constitutes a disability. ADDIE model - ANSWER Five-step instructional design process that governs the development of learning programs. Adverse impact - ANSWER Type of discrimination that results when a neutral policy has a discriminatory effect; also known as disparate impact. Affinity diagramming - ANSWER Data sorting technique in which a group categorizes and subcategorizes data until relationships are clearly drawn. Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) - ANSWER U.S. act that prohibits discrimination in the workplace on the basis of age. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) - ANSWER Umbrella term used to describe a number of problem-solving and grievance resolution approaches. Amendment - ANSWER Modification of the U.S. Constitution or a U.S. law. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - ANSWER U.S. act that prohibits discrimination against a qualified individual with a disability because of his/her disability. Andragogy - ANSWER Study of how adults learn. Applicant tracking software (ATS) - ANSWER Software that provides an automated way for organizations to manage the recruiting process. Apprenticeship - ANSWER Related to technical skills training; often a partnership between employers and unions. Arbitration - ANSWER Procedure in which disputes are submitted to one or more impartial persons for final determination. Assessment centers - ANSWER Assessment tools that provide candidates a wide range of leadership situations and problem-solving exercises. Assets - ANSWER Financial, physical, and sometimes intangible properties an organization owns. Assignees - ANSWER Employees who work outside their home countries. Auditory learners - ANSWER People who learn best by relying on their sense of hearing. Authentic leadership - ANSWER Leadership grounded in an individual's values and principles and focused on empowering others to act. Balanced scorecard - ANSWER Measurement approach that provides an overall picture of an organization's performance as measured against goals in finance, customers, internal business processes, and learning and growth. Balance sheet - ANSWER Statement that reports the financial position of the organization at a specific point in time; shows assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity. Behavioral interview - ANSWER Type of interview that focuses on how applicants previously handled real situations. Benchmarking - ANSWER Process that compares performance levels and/or processes of one entity with those of another to identify performance gaps and set goals aimed at improving performance. Benefits - ANSWER Payments or services provided to employees to cover issues such as retirement, health care, sick pay/disability schemes, life insurance, and paid time off. Bias - ANSWER Occurs when an appraiser's values, beliefs, or prejudices distort performance ratings. Big data - ANSWER High-volume, high-velocity, and high-variety information assets that require innovative forms of information processing for enhanced insight and decision making. Bill - ANSWER A proposal presented to a legislative body for possible enactment as a statute. Blended learning - ANSWER Planned approach to learning that includes a combination of instructor-led training, self-directed study, and/or on-the-job training. Blogs - ANSWER Broadcast-style communications that enable authors to publish articles, opinions, product or service reviews, etc., on a web page. Blue ocean strategies - ANSWER Strategies that generate competitive advantage by creating a new marketplace arena in which there are no other competitors. Bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) - ANSWER Situation in which religion, sex, or national origin is reasonably necessary to carrying out a particular job function in the normal operations of an organization. Brain drain - ANSWER Exit of educated and skilled citizens from emerging and developing countries for better-paying jobs in developed countries. Broadbanding - ANSWER Combining several salary grades or job classifications with narrow pay ranges into one band with a wider salary spread. Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth - ANSWER U.S. court ruling that distinguished between supervisor harassment that results in tangible employment action and supervisor harassment that does not. Business Acumen competency - ANSWER The ability to understand and apply information with which to contribute to the organization's strategic plan. Business case - ANSWER Presentation to management that establishes that a specific problem exists and argues that the proposed solution is the best way to solve the problem in terms of time, cost efficiency, and probability of success. Business intelligence - ANSWER Ability to gather and analyze data from inside and outside the organization so that information is available for decision makers. Career development - ANSWER Process by which employees progress through a series of stages in their careers, each of which is characterized by relatively unique issues, themes, and tasks. Career management - ANSWER Preparing, implementing, and monitoring employees' career paths, with a primary focus on the goals and needs of the organization. Career planning - ANSWER Actions and activities that individuals perform in order to give direction to their work lives. Cash flow statement - ANSWER Statement that shows incoming and outgoing cash in the areas of operations, investments, and financing and remaining cash reserves; reflects an organization's ability to meet its current and short-term obligations.