AAPD Reference Manual (Overview -
Policy on ECC Consequences & Preventive
Strategies)
True or False: The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry is not intended nor should it
be constructed to be either a standard of care or a scope of practice document - answer
True
Standards - answer any definite rule, principle, or measure established by authority.
Intended to be applied rigidly. Deviation from standard would be hard to justify
Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) - answer Statements that include recommendations
intended to optimize patient care. Based on systematic review; more flexible than
standards
Best Practices - answerthe best clinical or administrative practice or approach at the
moment, given consumer & community needs/desires, resources available, & evidence
AAPD Devotes Resources to 4 Categories of Research - answer1. Clinical research
2. Interdisciplinary research (to address oral health disparities)
3. Translational research (moving scientific knowledge into practice and policy)
4. Operational safety research
dental home - answerongoing relationship between the dentist and the patient, inclusive
of all aspects of oral health care
The dental home should be established no later than _____ months old - answer12
months
dental neglect - answerwillful failure to seek and follow through with treatment
necessary to ensure a level of oral heath essential for adequate function and freedom
from pain and infection
dental disability - answerorofacial pain, infection, pathological condition and/or lack of
functional dentition that affects nutrition, growth and development, or participation in life
activities
Medically-necessary care (MNC) - answerthe reasonable and essential diagnostic,
preventive, and treatment services (including supplies, appliances, and devices) and
follow-up care
,includes use of supportive health care services necessary like GA, sedation
Special health care needs include - answerany physical, developmental, mental,
sensory, behavioral, cognitive, or emotional impairment or limiting condition that
requires medical management, health care intervention, and/or use of specialized
services or programs.
_____ % of children experience caries in primary teeth by 5 yrs old - answer60%
By 17 yrs old _____% of children in the U.S. have experienced caries - answer78%
As much as _____% of all caries in school-aged children occurs in pits and fissures -
answer90%
Which disease is associated with insufficient development in children who have no other
medical problems? - answerrampant caries
periodontal disease is associated with - answerCVD & adverse pregnancy outcomes,
including pregnancy HTN
T or F: An association between oral health and respiratory diseases has been
recognized. Oral health, oral microflora, and bacterial pneumonia, especially in
populations at high risk for respiratory disease, have been linked. - answerTrue
dental plaque may serve as a reservoir for respiratory pathogens in patients who are
undergoing _____________________ - answermechanical ventilation
Food preferences appear to be established early, probably by ____ months old -
answer12 months
Children experiencing caries as infants and toddlers have a much greater probability of
subsequent caries in:
- primary dentition?
- permanent dentition?
- both? - answerboth (primary and permanent dentitions)
Which restorations are less likely than other restorations to require retreatment? -
answerSSCs
A child who receives sealants is _____% less likely to receive restorative services over
the next 3 yrs than children who do not - answer72 %
With follow-up care, the success rate of sealants may be ____ - ____% even after a
decade - answer80 - 90 %
, Sealants are safe and effective, yet their use continues to be _______ - answerlow
The impact of chronic conditions (CC) status and CC severity increases the odds of
receiving dental treatment under ________ - answergeneral anesthesia
GA, under certain circumstances, may offer a cost-saving alternative to ________ for
children with ECC - answersedation
The World Health Organization defines social determinants of health as ____________
- answerthe conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the
wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life
health equity - answerthe fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible - requires
elimination of those societal factors that unfairly result in poorer health for at-risk social
groups
T or F: The same SDH that affect a caregiver's oral health outcomes also affect his
children's oral health directly and indirectly. - answerTrue
Children living in settings with multiple social risks are at substantially greater risk for
__________ - answercaries
SDH may be reflected by what 3 things? - answer- a heavy allostatic load
(biologicalmarkers of chronic stress)
- poor oral health behaviors
- higher caries rates
adverse association exists between - answer- socioenvironmental stressors
- neuroendocrine factors
- levels of intraoral cariogenic bacteria in children
chronic stress associated with SES leads to negative physiologic effects on oral health
including: - answerpro-inflammatory, endocrine & microbiological responses
Neighborhood income is positively associated with - answerimproved oral hygiene
practices & lower dental disease levels for children
social capital - answersocial support, social networks & social cohesion
- Studies generally have reported positive health outcomes associated with greater
levels of social capital
-social capital is beneficial, but social norms can influence the way in which resources
are deployed, which can lead to suboptimal oral health behaviors and poor outcomes.
Policy on ECC Consequences & Preventive
Strategies)
True or False: The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry is not intended nor should it
be constructed to be either a standard of care or a scope of practice document - answer
True
Standards - answer any definite rule, principle, or measure established by authority.
Intended to be applied rigidly. Deviation from standard would be hard to justify
Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) - answer Statements that include recommendations
intended to optimize patient care. Based on systematic review; more flexible than
standards
Best Practices - answerthe best clinical or administrative practice or approach at the
moment, given consumer & community needs/desires, resources available, & evidence
AAPD Devotes Resources to 4 Categories of Research - answer1. Clinical research
2. Interdisciplinary research (to address oral health disparities)
3. Translational research (moving scientific knowledge into practice and policy)
4. Operational safety research
dental home - answerongoing relationship between the dentist and the patient, inclusive
of all aspects of oral health care
The dental home should be established no later than _____ months old - answer12
months
dental neglect - answerwillful failure to seek and follow through with treatment
necessary to ensure a level of oral heath essential for adequate function and freedom
from pain and infection
dental disability - answerorofacial pain, infection, pathological condition and/or lack of
functional dentition that affects nutrition, growth and development, or participation in life
activities
Medically-necessary care (MNC) - answerthe reasonable and essential diagnostic,
preventive, and treatment services (including supplies, appliances, and devices) and
follow-up care
,includes use of supportive health care services necessary like GA, sedation
Special health care needs include - answerany physical, developmental, mental,
sensory, behavioral, cognitive, or emotional impairment or limiting condition that
requires medical management, health care intervention, and/or use of specialized
services or programs.
_____ % of children experience caries in primary teeth by 5 yrs old - answer60%
By 17 yrs old _____% of children in the U.S. have experienced caries - answer78%
As much as _____% of all caries in school-aged children occurs in pits and fissures -
answer90%
Which disease is associated with insufficient development in children who have no other
medical problems? - answerrampant caries
periodontal disease is associated with - answerCVD & adverse pregnancy outcomes,
including pregnancy HTN
T or F: An association between oral health and respiratory diseases has been
recognized. Oral health, oral microflora, and bacterial pneumonia, especially in
populations at high risk for respiratory disease, have been linked. - answerTrue
dental plaque may serve as a reservoir for respiratory pathogens in patients who are
undergoing _____________________ - answermechanical ventilation
Food preferences appear to be established early, probably by ____ months old -
answer12 months
Children experiencing caries as infants and toddlers have a much greater probability of
subsequent caries in:
- primary dentition?
- permanent dentition?
- both? - answerboth (primary and permanent dentitions)
Which restorations are less likely than other restorations to require retreatment? -
answerSSCs
A child who receives sealants is _____% less likely to receive restorative services over
the next 3 yrs than children who do not - answer72 %
With follow-up care, the success rate of sealants may be ____ - ____% even after a
decade - answer80 - 90 %
, Sealants are safe and effective, yet their use continues to be _______ - answerlow
The impact of chronic conditions (CC) status and CC severity increases the odds of
receiving dental treatment under ________ - answergeneral anesthesia
GA, under certain circumstances, may offer a cost-saving alternative to ________ for
children with ECC - answersedation
The World Health Organization defines social determinants of health as ____________
- answerthe conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the
wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life
health equity - answerthe fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible - requires
elimination of those societal factors that unfairly result in poorer health for at-risk social
groups
T or F: The same SDH that affect a caregiver's oral health outcomes also affect his
children's oral health directly and indirectly. - answerTrue
Children living in settings with multiple social risks are at substantially greater risk for
__________ - answercaries
SDH may be reflected by what 3 things? - answer- a heavy allostatic load
(biologicalmarkers of chronic stress)
- poor oral health behaviors
- higher caries rates
adverse association exists between - answer- socioenvironmental stressors
- neuroendocrine factors
- levels of intraoral cariogenic bacteria in children
chronic stress associated with SES leads to negative physiologic effects on oral health
including: - answerpro-inflammatory, endocrine & microbiological responses
Neighborhood income is positively associated with - answerimproved oral hygiene
practices & lower dental disease levels for children
social capital - answersocial support, social networks & social cohesion
- Studies generally have reported positive health outcomes associated with greater
levels of social capital
-social capital is beneficial, but social norms can influence the way in which resources
are deployed, which can lead to suboptimal oral health behaviors and poor outcomes.
