Unit 5 Cognitive Psychology ; Unit
Guide Review Questions and Complete
Answers latest 2024 - 2025
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort - ✔✔Effortless processing
unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and
frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings -
✔✔Automatic processing
encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield the
best retention - ✔✔Deep processing
encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words -
✔✔Shallow processing
the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus - ✔✔Selective
attention
the ability to perform multiple tasks at the same time - ✔✔Divided attention
awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes -
✔✔Metacognition
activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a
phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten -
✔✔Short-term memory
Memories we don't deliberately remember or reflect on consciously - ✔✔Implicit
memory
a relatively permanent type of limitless storehouse of the memory system that
holds information for hours, days, weeks, or years; Includes knowledge, skills,
and experiences - ✔✔Long-term memory
, A type of storage that holds sensory information for a few seconds or less. -
✔✔Sensory memory
auditory sensory memory, retained for several seconds - ✔✔Echoic memory
(sensory memory)
a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image
memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second - ✔✔Iconic memory
(sensory memory)
remembering to do something at some future time - ✔✔Prospective memory
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare" -
✔✔Explicit memory
a network of associated facts and concepts that make up our general knowledge
of the world - ✔✔Semantic memory
A category of long-term memory that involves the recollection of specific events,
situations and experiences. - ✔✔Episodic Memory
nervous system, cardiac system, musculoskeletal system - ✔✔Physiological
systems
1928-present; Field: language; Contributions: disagreed with Skinner about
language acquisition, stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language,
humans have an inborn native ability to develop language - ✔✔Noam Chomsky
studied memory using nonsense syllables, created the learning curve or
forgetting curve - ✔✔Herman Ebbinghaus
Gestalt psychologist that first demonstrated insight through his chimpanzee
experiments. He noticed the solution process wasn't slow, but sudden and
reflective. - ✔✔Wolfgang Kohler
1944-present; Field: memory; Contributions: expert in eyewitness testimony
(false memories or misinformation effect); Studies: Reconstruction of Auto.
Guide Review Questions and Complete
Answers latest 2024 - 2025
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort - ✔✔Effortless processing
unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and
frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings -
✔✔Automatic processing
encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield the
best retention - ✔✔Deep processing
encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words -
✔✔Shallow processing
the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus - ✔✔Selective
attention
the ability to perform multiple tasks at the same time - ✔✔Divided attention
awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes -
✔✔Metacognition
activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a
phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten -
✔✔Short-term memory
Memories we don't deliberately remember or reflect on consciously - ✔✔Implicit
memory
a relatively permanent type of limitless storehouse of the memory system that
holds information for hours, days, weeks, or years; Includes knowledge, skills,
and experiences - ✔✔Long-term memory
, A type of storage that holds sensory information for a few seconds or less. -
✔✔Sensory memory
auditory sensory memory, retained for several seconds - ✔✔Echoic memory
(sensory memory)
a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image
memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second - ✔✔Iconic memory
(sensory memory)
remembering to do something at some future time - ✔✔Prospective memory
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare" -
✔✔Explicit memory
a network of associated facts and concepts that make up our general knowledge
of the world - ✔✔Semantic memory
A category of long-term memory that involves the recollection of specific events,
situations and experiences. - ✔✔Episodic Memory
nervous system, cardiac system, musculoskeletal system - ✔✔Physiological
systems
1928-present; Field: language; Contributions: disagreed with Skinner about
language acquisition, stated there is an infinite # of sentences in a language,
humans have an inborn native ability to develop language - ✔✔Noam Chomsky
studied memory using nonsense syllables, created the learning curve or
forgetting curve - ✔✔Herman Ebbinghaus
Gestalt psychologist that first demonstrated insight through his chimpanzee
experiments. He noticed the solution process wasn't slow, but sudden and
reflective. - ✔✔Wolfgang Kohler
1944-present; Field: memory; Contributions: expert in eyewitness testimony
(false memories or misinformation effect); Studies: Reconstruction of Auto.
