NURSING FUNDAMENTALS NUTRITION EXAM QUESTIONS.
SAMPLE EXAM REVISION PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS (2024 UPDATE)
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) - ANSWER- The energy needed at rest to maintain life-sustaining
activities for a specific amount of time
Resting energy expenditure (REE ) - ANSWER- the amount of energy needed to consume over
a 24-hour period for you body to maintain all of its internal working activities while at rest.
Carbohydrates - ANSWER- composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are the , are the main
source of energy in the diet
Nitrogen balance - ANSWER- Used by the body to build, repair, and replace body tissues.
Metabolism - ANSWER- refers to all of the biochemical reactions within the cells of the body
Anabolism - ANSWER- the building of more complex biochemical substances by synthesis of
nutrients. Occurs when a person adds lean muscle mass
Cataobolism - ANSWER- the breakdown of biochemical substances into simpler substances
and occurs during physiological states of negative nitrogen balance.
Active transport - ANSWER- process whereby particles move from an area of greater
concentration to an area of lesser concentration with the use of a special carrier.
, Passive diffusion - ANSWER- the force by which particles move outward from an area of
greater concentration to one of lesser concentration without the use of a special carrier.
Osmosis - ANSWER- Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane that separates
solutions of different concentrations. Water moves to equalize the concentration pressures on both
sides of the membrane
Pinocytosis - ANSWER- engulfing of large molecules of nutrients by the absorbing cell when
the molecule attaches to the absorbing cell membrane
Peristalsis - ANSWER- wavelike muscular contractions
Chyme - ANSWER- food that is liquefied and moves by peristaltic action through the ileocecal
valve into the large intestine
Anorexia Nervosa - ANSWER- An eating disorder characterized by markedly reduced appetite
or total aversion to food.
Bulimia Nervosa - ANSWER- Serious, potentially life-threatening eating disorder
characterized by a cycle of bingeing and compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting
Pregnancy - ANSWER- Condition which requires increased protein, folic acid, and calcium
consumption
BMI (body mass index) - ANSWER- value derived from the mass and height of an individual
Malnutrition - ANSWER- lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not
eating enough of the right foods, or unable to use the food that one does eat.
SAMPLE EXAM REVISION PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS (2024 UPDATE)
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) - ANSWER- The energy needed at rest to maintain life-sustaining
activities for a specific amount of time
Resting energy expenditure (REE ) - ANSWER- the amount of energy needed to consume over
a 24-hour period for you body to maintain all of its internal working activities while at rest.
Carbohydrates - ANSWER- composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are the , are the main
source of energy in the diet
Nitrogen balance - ANSWER- Used by the body to build, repair, and replace body tissues.
Metabolism - ANSWER- refers to all of the biochemical reactions within the cells of the body
Anabolism - ANSWER- the building of more complex biochemical substances by synthesis of
nutrients. Occurs when a person adds lean muscle mass
Cataobolism - ANSWER- the breakdown of biochemical substances into simpler substances
and occurs during physiological states of negative nitrogen balance.
Active transport - ANSWER- process whereby particles move from an area of greater
concentration to an area of lesser concentration with the use of a special carrier.
, Passive diffusion - ANSWER- the force by which particles move outward from an area of
greater concentration to one of lesser concentration without the use of a special carrier.
Osmosis - ANSWER- Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane that separates
solutions of different concentrations. Water moves to equalize the concentration pressures on both
sides of the membrane
Pinocytosis - ANSWER- engulfing of large molecules of nutrients by the absorbing cell when
the molecule attaches to the absorbing cell membrane
Peristalsis - ANSWER- wavelike muscular contractions
Chyme - ANSWER- food that is liquefied and moves by peristaltic action through the ileocecal
valve into the large intestine
Anorexia Nervosa - ANSWER- An eating disorder characterized by markedly reduced appetite
or total aversion to food.
Bulimia Nervosa - ANSWER- Serious, potentially life-threatening eating disorder
characterized by a cycle of bingeing and compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting
Pregnancy - ANSWER- Condition which requires increased protein, folic acid, and calcium
consumption
BMI (body mass index) - ANSWER- value derived from the mass and height of an individual
Malnutrition - ANSWER- lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not
eating enough of the right foods, or unable to use the food that one does eat.
