1.1 Principles of Human Physiology 6th edition 2024
1. What is physiology?: the study of the functions of organisms, comes in
many forms—plant physiology, cell physiology, microbial physiology, and animal
physiology
2. What is an organ system?: is a collection of anatomical structures that
work together to carry out a specific function.
3. What are nuerons?: nerve cells
4. What are cells?: smallest living units
5. What are the 4 major classes present in the body?: 1) neurons, (2) muscle
cells, (3) epithelial cells, and (4) connective tissue cells.
6. What are muscle fibers?: muscle cells
7. What is epethilia?: continuous, sheetlike layers of cells found in the skin
and linings of hollow organs; specialized to regulate exchange; singular,
epithelium
8. What is basement membrane?: thin underlying layer of noncellular material
9. simple (cell description): one layer thick
10. Stratified (cell description): several cells thick
11. Squamous (cell description): short and flattened
12. Cuboidal (cell description): regular square shaped
13. Columnar (cell description): tall and oblong
14. What is Lumen?: the interior cavity of a hollow organ or vessel
15. What are glands?: organs specialized in the synthesis and secretion of a
product
16. Exocrine glands: secrete a product into a duct leading to an external enviro-
ment
17. Endocrine glands: secrete hormones
18. What are hormones?: chemicals that communicate a message to cells of the
body
19. What are connective tissue cells?: tissue whose primary function is to
provide physical support for other structures, to anchor them in place, or to link
them together
20. What is extracellular matrix?: a mass of noncellular material. contains a
dense meshwork of proteins and other large molecules.
21. What is tissue?: a group of similar cells that carry out a specific function.
22. What are the four basic groups classification for tissue?: nervous tissue,
muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, and connective tissue
23. What is an organ?: group of different tissues put together to form a structure
with a specific function.
1. What is physiology?: the study of the functions of organisms, comes in
many forms—plant physiology, cell physiology, microbial physiology, and animal
physiology
2. What is an organ system?: is a collection of anatomical structures that
work together to carry out a specific function.
3. What are nuerons?: nerve cells
4. What are cells?: smallest living units
5. What are the 4 major classes present in the body?: 1) neurons, (2) muscle
cells, (3) epithelial cells, and (4) connective tissue cells.
6. What are muscle fibers?: muscle cells
7. What is epethilia?: continuous, sheetlike layers of cells found in the skin
and linings of hollow organs; specialized to regulate exchange; singular,
epithelium
8. What is basement membrane?: thin underlying layer of noncellular material
9. simple (cell description): one layer thick
10. Stratified (cell description): several cells thick
11. Squamous (cell description): short and flattened
12. Cuboidal (cell description): regular square shaped
13. Columnar (cell description): tall and oblong
14. What is Lumen?: the interior cavity of a hollow organ or vessel
15. What are glands?: organs specialized in the synthesis and secretion of a
product
16. Exocrine glands: secrete a product into a duct leading to an external enviro-
ment
17. Endocrine glands: secrete hormones
18. What are hormones?: chemicals that communicate a message to cells of the
body
19. What are connective tissue cells?: tissue whose primary function is to
provide physical support for other structures, to anchor them in place, or to link
them together
20. What is extracellular matrix?: a mass of noncellular material. contains a
dense meshwork of proteins and other large molecules.
21. What is tissue?: a group of similar cells that carry out a specific function.
22. What are the four basic groups classification for tissue?: nervous tissue,
muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, and connective tissue
23. What is an organ?: group of different tissues put together to form a structure
with a specific function.
