TExES Core Subjects EC-6 (291) Exam With Complete
Solutions Latest Update
phonemic awareness development - ANSWER Knowledge of sounds of a language
Knowledge of rhymes
Understanding that sentences can be segmented into words, syllables and sounds
Ability to speak about, reflect upon, and play with sounds
Understanding the relationship between written and spoken language
Rhyming, segmenting sentences into words, blending syllables into words,
delete/substitute syllables/sounds from words
phonemes - ANSWER the smallest unit of speech that can be used to make one word
different from another word.
single unit of sound
Vowel-consonant patterns - ANSWER In a cvc pattern, the vowel is usually a short vowel
sound. In a CVCe word, the vowel is followed by a consonant and then the letter e. The e
is silent and the vowel preceding the e is usually long. In a CVVC word, two vowels fall
between two consonants.
reading comprehension:
,A. Literal
B. Inferential
C. Evaluative - ANSWER Literal - Readers identify and/or recall relevant information
explicitly stated in the reading selection by
- identifying the sequence of events or a specific event from a sequence of events.
-identifying details such as key words, phrases or sentences that explicitly state
important characteristics, circumstances, or similarities and differences in characters,
times or places.
Inferential - Readers use information that is supplied directly by the passage but is used
to arrive at what is not said. Inferences allow readers to infer meaning by
identifying implicit relationships-relationships not directly stated such as cause and
effect, sequence-time relationships, comparisons, classifications and generalizations.
making predictions probable future outcomes or actions.
Evaluative - In this type of comprehension, readers make judgment about and evaluate
what they read. At this level, the readers support their conclusion and make
generalisation about the text and its wider implications by -drawing conclusions about
the characteristics, values and habits of human beings. - drawing conclusions about
author's motivation or purpose of writing a passage or story on the basis of evidence in
the selection.
Spelling Development: PRECOMMUNICATIVE SPELLING - ANSWER "babbling" stage of
spelling. Children use letters for writing words but the letters are strung together
randomly. The letters in precommunicative spelling do not correspond to sounds.
Examples: OPSPS = eagle; RTAT = eighty.
SEMIPHONETIC SPELLERS know that letters represent sounds. They perceive and
represent reliable sounds with letters in a type of telegraphic writing. Spellings are
often abbreviated representing initial and / or final sound. Examples: E = eagle; a =
eighty.
, PHONETIC SPELLERS - spell words as they sound. The speller notices and accounts for
all of the phonemes in a word, although spellings may be unorthodox. Examples: EGL =
eagle; ATE = eighty.
TRANSITIONAL SPELLERS - ANSWER demonstrate thinking about words visually; a
visual memory of spelling patterns has been established. Spellings show some
conventions of English orthography, including vowels in each syllable, e-marker and
vowel digraph patterns, correctly spelled inflectional endings, and common English
letter sequences. Examples: EGIL = eagle; EIGHTEE = eighty.
CONVENTIONAL SPELLERS - ANSWER develop over years of word study and writing.
Correct spelling can be categorized by instruction levels. For example, correct spelling
for a corpus.. . words that can be spelled by the average fourth grader would be fourth
grade level correct spelling. Place the word in this category if it is listed correctly.
Expository essay - ANSWER genre of essay that requires the student to investigate an
idea, evaluate evidence, expound on the idea, and set forth an argument concerning
that idea in a clear and concise manner.
present a fair and balanced analysis of a subject based on facts—with no references to
the writer's opinions or emotions.
phonological awareness - ANSWER Phonological awareness is the understanding that
speech can be broken into smaller units of sound such as words, syllables, onsets and
rimes, and phonemes.
What is the difference between phonemic awareness and phonics? - ANSWER Phonics
involves the relationship between sounds and written symbols whereas phonemic
awareness involves sounds in spoken words. Thus, phonics instruction focuses on
teaching sound-spelling relationships and is associated with print. Most phonemic
awareness tasks are oral.
Sequencing Phonemic Awareness Skills
Kinder - 1st grade - ANSWER Kindergarten - Oral activities in kindergarten are simple
such as rhyming, matching words which start with the same sounds, and blending
Solutions Latest Update
phonemic awareness development - ANSWER Knowledge of sounds of a language
Knowledge of rhymes
Understanding that sentences can be segmented into words, syllables and sounds
Ability to speak about, reflect upon, and play with sounds
Understanding the relationship between written and spoken language
Rhyming, segmenting sentences into words, blending syllables into words,
delete/substitute syllables/sounds from words
phonemes - ANSWER the smallest unit of speech that can be used to make one word
different from another word.
single unit of sound
Vowel-consonant patterns - ANSWER In a cvc pattern, the vowel is usually a short vowel
sound. In a CVCe word, the vowel is followed by a consonant and then the letter e. The e
is silent and the vowel preceding the e is usually long. In a CVVC word, two vowels fall
between two consonants.
reading comprehension:
,A. Literal
B. Inferential
C. Evaluative - ANSWER Literal - Readers identify and/or recall relevant information
explicitly stated in the reading selection by
- identifying the sequence of events or a specific event from a sequence of events.
-identifying details such as key words, phrases or sentences that explicitly state
important characteristics, circumstances, or similarities and differences in characters,
times or places.
Inferential - Readers use information that is supplied directly by the passage but is used
to arrive at what is not said. Inferences allow readers to infer meaning by
identifying implicit relationships-relationships not directly stated such as cause and
effect, sequence-time relationships, comparisons, classifications and generalizations.
making predictions probable future outcomes or actions.
Evaluative - In this type of comprehension, readers make judgment about and evaluate
what they read. At this level, the readers support their conclusion and make
generalisation about the text and its wider implications by -drawing conclusions about
the characteristics, values and habits of human beings. - drawing conclusions about
author's motivation or purpose of writing a passage or story on the basis of evidence in
the selection.
Spelling Development: PRECOMMUNICATIVE SPELLING - ANSWER "babbling" stage of
spelling. Children use letters for writing words but the letters are strung together
randomly. The letters in precommunicative spelling do not correspond to sounds.
Examples: OPSPS = eagle; RTAT = eighty.
SEMIPHONETIC SPELLERS know that letters represent sounds. They perceive and
represent reliable sounds with letters in a type of telegraphic writing. Spellings are
often abbreviated representing initial and / or final sound. Examples: E = eagle; a =
eighty.
, PHONETIC SPELLERS - spell words as they sound. The speller notices and accounts for
all of the phonemes in a word, although spellings may be unorthodox. Examples: EGL =
eagle; ATE = eighty.
TRANSITIONAL SPELLERS - ANSWER demonstrate thinking about words visually; a
visual memory of spelling patterns has been established. Spellings show some
conventions of English orthography, including vowels in each syllable, e-marker and
vowel digraph patterns, correctly spelled inflectional endings, and common English
letter sequences. Examples: EGIL = eagle; EIGHTEE = eighty.
CONVENTIONAL SPELLERS - ANSWER develop over years of word study and writing.
Correct spelling can be categorized by instruction levels. For example, correct spelling
for a corpus.. . words that can be spelled by the average fourth grader would be fourth
grade level correct spelling. Place the word in this category if it is listed correctly.
Expository essay - ANSWER genre of essay that requires the student to investigate an
idea, evaluate evidence, expound on the idea, and set forth an argument concerning
that idea in a clear and concise manner.
present a fair and balanced analysis of a subject based on facts—with no references to
the writer's opinions or emotions.
phonological awareness - ANSWER Phonological awareness is the understanding that
speech can be broken into smaller units of sound such as words, syllables, onsets and
rimes, and phonemes.
What is the difference between phonemic awareness and phonics? - ANSWER Phonics
involves the relationship between sounds and written symbols whereas phonemic
awareness involves sounds in spoken words. Thus, phonics instruction focuses on
teaching sound-spelling relationships and is associated with print. Most phonemic
awareness tasks are oral.
Sequencing Phonemic Awareness Skills
Kinder - 1st grade - ANSWER Kindergarten - Oral activities in kindergarten are simple
such as rhyming, matching words which start with the same sounds, and blending
