MTU BL1020 Final Exam
Study Guide
Viruses that attack bacteria are called
A. phages
B. proviruses
C. virulent
D. lytic - Answer phages
___ is the genetic material for all cellular organisms and some viruses.
A. RNA
B. DNA
C. Protein
D. Chromatin - Answer DNA
Nucleotides have a phosphate group attached at the ___ carbon atom of the sugar.
A. 2'
B. 3'
C. 5'
D. 1' - Answer 5'
Watson and Crick developed a model of DNA in which the two strands twist into the
shape of a ________________.
A. circle
B. helix
C. double helix
D. double pleated sheet - Answer double helix
Because the two strands of a DNA molecule are ________ to each other, either one can
be used as a template to reconstruct the other.
A. identical
,B. antiparallel
C. bound
D. complementary - Answer complementary
The synthesis of a growing strand of DNA is carried out by adding nucleotides to the ___
end of an existing strand.
A. 2'
B. 3'
C. 5'
D. 1' - Answer 3'
DNA consists of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides held together by
A. peptide bonds.
B. covalent bonds.
C. ionic bonds.
D. hydrogen bonds. - Answer hydrogen bonds
The method of DNA replication, where each original strand is used as a template to build
a new strand, is called the
A. conservative method.
B. semiconservative method.
C. disruptive method.
D. continuous method.
E. replication and amplification method. - Answer semiconservative method
Which enzyme adds new nucleotides to the end of a growing strand?
A. ligase
B. polymerase
C. gyrase
D. helicase
E. endonuclease - Answer polymerase
Who originally discovered the process of bacterial transformation?
,A. Watson and Crick
B. Chargaff
C. Hershey and Chase
D. Griffith
E. Meselson and Stahl - Answer Griffith
When a mixture of live nonvirulent bacteria and dead virulent bacteria was injected into
mice, Griffith unexpectedly found that the injected mice died. He explained this result by
suggesting that the nonvirulent bacteria are being
A. activated.
B. transformed.
C. translated.
D. transcribed.
E. expressed. - Answer transformed
Avery and his coworkers showed that the agent responsible for changing nonvirulent
bacteria into virulent bacteria was
A. protein.
B. polysaccharide.
C. DNA.
D. RNA.
E. lipid. - Answer DNA
Which statement about the Hershey-Chase experiment is false?
A. DNA was labeled with radioactive phosphorus.
B. Protein was labeled with radioactive sulfur.
C. The virus-infected bacteria contained radioactive phosphorus.
D. The virus-infected bacteria contained radioactive sulfur. - Answer The virus-infected
bacteria contained radioactive sulfur
Based on their experiment with T2 bacteriophages, Hershey and Chase concluded that
A. DNA replication is semiconservative.
B. the phage coat contains the genetic material.
, C. DNA functions as the genetic material.
D. A always pairs with T and G always pairs with C.
E. virulent bacteria can transform nonvirulent bacteria. - Answer DNA functions as the
genetic material
After attaching to a bacterial cell, a bacteriophage typically
A. injects protein into the cell.
B. extracts protein from the cell.
C. injects DNA into the cell.
D. extracts DNA from the cell.
E. transforms the cell into a virulent strain. - Answer injects DNA into the cell
DNA primase
A. creates a short RNA primer that is complementary to an RNA template.
B. creates a short DNA primer that is complementary to an RNA template.
C. creates a short DNA primer that is complementary to a DNA template.
D. creates a short DNA template that is complementary to an RNA primer.
E. creates a short RNA primer that is complementary to a DNA template. - Answer
creates a short RNA primer that is complementary to a DNA template.
As the two strands of DNA are unraveled, which enzyme relieves the strain on the two
strands?
A. DNA polymerase
B. DNA ligase
C. DNA gyrase
D. DNA endonuclease
E. DNA exonuclease - Answer DNA gyrase
Which is not a component of nucleic acids?
A. organic nitrogenous base
B. pentose sugar
C. phosphate
Study Guide
Viruses that attack bacteria are called
A. phages
B. proviruses
C. virulent
D. lytic - Answer phages
___ is the genetic material for all cellular organisms and some viruses.
A. RNA
B. DNA
C. Protein
D. Chromatin - Answer DNA
Nucleotides have a phosphate group attached at the ___ carbon atom of the sugar.
A. 2'
B. 3'
C. 5'
D. 1' - Answer 5'
Watson and Crick developed a model of DNA in which the two strands twist into the
shape of a ________________.
A. circle
B. helix
C. double helix
D. double pleated sheet - Answer double helix
Because the two strands of a DNA molecule are ________ to each other, either one can
be used as a template to reconstruct the other.
A. identical
,B. antiparallel
C. bound
D. complementary - Answer complementary
The synthesis of a growing strand of DNA is carried out by adding nucleotides to the ___
end of an existing strand.
A. 2'
B. 3'
C. 5'
D. 1' - Answer 3'
DNA consists of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides held together by
A. peptide bonds.
B. covalent bonds.
C. ionic bonds.
D. hydrogen bonds. - Answer hydrogen bonds
The method of DNA replication, where each original strand is used as a template to build
a new strand, is called the
A. conservative method.
B. semiconservative method.
C. disruptive method.
D. continuous method.
E. replication and amplification method. - Answer semiconservative method
Which enzyme adds new nucleotides to the end of a growing strand?
A. ligase
B. polymerase
C. gyrase
D. helicase
E. endonuclease - Answer polymerase
Who originally discovered the process of bacterial transformation?
,A. Watson and Crick
B. Chargaff
C. Hershey and Chase
D. Griffith
E. Meselson and Stahl - Answer Griffith
When a mixture of live nonvirulent bacteria and dead virulent bacteria was injected into
mice, Griffith unexpectedly found that the injected mice died. He explained this result by
suggesting that the nonvirulent bacteria are being
A. activated.
B. transformed.
C. translated.
D. transcribed.
E. expressed. - Answer transformed
Avery and his coworkers showed that the agent responsible for changing nonvirulent
bacteria into virulent bacteria was
A. protein.
B. polysaccharide.
C. DNA.
D. RNA.
E. lipid. - Answer DNA
Which statement about the Hershey-Chase experiment is false?
A. DNA was labeled with radioactive phosphorus.
B. Protein was labeled with radioactive sulfur.
C. The virus-infected bacteria contained radioactive phosphorus.
D. The virus-infected bacteria contained radioactive sulfur. - Answer The virus-infected
bacteria contained radioactive sulfur
Based on their experiment with T2 bacteriophages, Hershey and Chase concluded that
A. DNA replication is semiconservative.
B. the phage coat contains the genetic material.
, C. DNA functions as the genetic material.
D. A always pairs with T and G always pairs with C.
E. virulent bacteria can transform nonvirulent bacteria. - Answer DNA functions as the
genetic material
After attaching to a bacterial cell, a bacteriophage typically
A. injects protein into the cell.
B. extracts protein from the cell.
C. injects DNA into the cell.
D. extracts DNA from the cell.
E. transforms the cell into a virulent strain. - Answer injects DNA into the cell
DNA primase
A. creates a short RNA primer that is complementary to an RNA template.
B. creates a short DNA primer that is complementary to an RNA template.
C. creates a short DNA primer that is complementary to a DNA template.
D. creates a short DNA template that is complementary to an RNA primer.
E. creates a short RNA primer that is complementary to a DNA template. - Answer
creates a short RNA primer that is complementary to a DNA template.
As the two strands of DNA are unraveled, which enzyme relieves the strain on the two
strands?
A. DNA polymerase
B. DNA ligase
C. DNA gyrase
D. DNA endonuclease
E. DNA exonuclease - Answer DNA gyrase
Which is not a component of nucleic acids?
A. organic nitrogenous base
B. pentose sugar
C. phosphate
