HSC Food Tech Questions and Answers
100% Pass
What is the difference between food preservation and food processing?
✔✔Food preservation involves methods used to extend the shelf life of food, such as
refrigeration or canning, while food processing refers to the transformation of raw ingredients
into finished products, like turning grains into flour.
How does the use of antioxidants in food help in preservation?
✔✔Antioxidants prevent the oxidation of fats and oils in food, which helps in delaying rancidity
and preserving the taste, color, and nutritional quality of foods.
What is the role of enzymes in the food production process?
✔✔Enzymes are used in food production to facilitate the breakdown of complex molecules, such
as converting starch into sugar during fermentation, or tenderizing meat.
What are the key differences between pasteurization and sterilization?
✔✔Pasteurization involves heating food to a specific temperature for a short period to kill
harmful microorganisms, while sterilization uses higher temperatures for longer periods to
destroy all microbial life.
1
,How can the process of fermentation be used in food production?
✔✔Fermentation is used to convert sugars into alcohol or acids, and is important in producing
foods like bread, yogurt, and sauerkraut, contributing to both preservation and flavor
development.
What is the purpose of fortification in food production?
✔✔Fortification involves adding essential vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients to foods to
improve their nutritional content, such as adding vitamin D to milk.
How do packaging methods influence the shelf life of food?
✔✔Packaging protects food from external factors like light, air, and moisture, helping to
maintain freshness, prevent contamination, and extend shelf life through methods like vacuum
sealing or modified atmosphere packaging.
How does the food industry ensure food safety during production?
✔✔Food safety is ensured by implementing Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Hazard
Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems, and regular testing for contaminants during
production and packaging.
2
, What is the role of emulsifiers in food products?
✔✔Emulsifiers help mix ingredients that don’t naturally combine, such as oil and water, creating
stable mixtures like mayonnaise or salad dressings.
How does the processing of grains affect their nutritional value?
✔✔Processing grains, like milling, can remove bran and germ, reducing fiber and nutrient
content. However, some processed grains may be enriched to restore or enhance their nutritional
value.
What are the environmental impacts of food production, and how can they be minimized?
✔✔Food production can have significant environmental impacts through water usage,
greenhouse gas emissions, and waste. Minimizing these impacts involves sustainable practices
like reducing food waste, using renewable energy, and sourcing ingredients locally.
How does the Maillard reaction contribute to the flavor of cooked food?
✔✔The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that
occurs when food is cooked, producing complex flavors and browning that enhance the taste of
foods like roasted meats and baked bread.
3
100% Pass
What is the difference between food preservation and food processing?
✔✔Food preservation involves methods used to extend the shelf life of food, such as
refrigeration or canning, while food processing refers to the transformation of raw ingredients
into finished products, like turning grains into flour.
How does the use of antioxidants in food help in preservation?
✔✔Antioxidants prevent the oxidation of fats and oils in food, which helps in delaying rancidity
and preserving the taste, color, and nutritional quality of foods.
What is the role of enzymes in the food production process?
✔✔Enzymes are used in food production to facilitate the breakdown of complex molecules, such
as converting starch into sugar during fermentation, or tenderizing meat.
What are the key differences between pasteurization and sterilization?
✔✔Pasteurization involves heating food to a specific temperature for a short period to kill
harmful microorganisms, while sterilization uses higher temperatures for longer periods to
destroy all microbial life.
1
,How can the process of fermentation be used in food production?
✔✔Fermentation is used to convert sugars into alcohol or acids, and is important in producing
foods like bread, yogurt, and sauerkraut, contributing to both preservation and flavor
development.
What is the purpose of fortification in food production?
✔✔Fortification involves adding essential vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients to foods to
improve their nutritional content, such as adding vitamin D to milk.
How do packaging methods influence the shelf life of food?
✔✔Packaging protects food from external factors like light, air, and moisture, helping to
maintain freshness, prevent contamination, and extend shelf life through methods like vacuum
sealing or modified atmosphere packaging.
How does the food industry ensure food safety during production?
✔✔Food safety is ensured by implementing Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Hazard
Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems, and regular testing for contaminants during
production and packaging.
2
, What is the role of emulsifiers in food products?
✔✔Emulsifiers help mix ingredients that don’t naturally combine, such as oil and water, creating
stable mixtures like mayonnaise or salad dressings.
How does the processing of grains affect their nutritional value?
✔✔Processing grains, like milling, can remove bran and germ, reducing fiber and nutrient
content. However, some processed grains may be enriched to restore or enhance their nutritional
value.
What are the environmental impacts of food production, and how can they be minimized?
✔✔Food production can have significant environmental impacts through water usage,
greenhouse gas emissions, and waste. Minimizing these impacts involves sustainable practices
like reducing food waste, using renewable energy, and sourcing ingredients locally.
How does the Maillard reaction contribute to the flavor of cooked food?
✔✔The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that
occurs when food is cooked, producing complex flavors and browning that enhance the taste of
foods like roasted meats and baked bread.
3
