AICE Marine Science Review questions with correct
answers
El Nino Correct Answer-large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate
interaction linked to a periodic warming in sea surface temperatures
across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific; June-December;
caused by a change in wind patterns
La Nina Correct Answer-Trade Winds are particularly strong in carrying
warmer water westwards across the Pacific leading to colder than
average temperatures in the east and warmer than average temperatures
in the west;
Effects of La Nina Correct Answer-- Stronger winds along the equatorial
region
- Weaker jet stream
- Condition more favorable for hurricanes in the Caribbean and Central
Atlantic area
- Greater instances of tornadoes in areas already susceptible to them
Benefits of La Nina Correct Answer-- Increase in plankton in areas
where the temperature is cooler therefore positive effect on marine life
that depend on plankton
Effects of El Nino Correct Answer-influences weather patterns, ocean
conditions, and marine fisheries
,Benefits of El Nino Correct Answer-- fewer hurricanes/tropical cyclones
in the Northern Atlantic
- Milder winters in the U.S and Canada
- Replenishment of water to the southwestern U.S.
Negatives of El Nino Correct Answer-- Drought in northern south
american regions
El Nino Southern Oscillation Correct Answer-Both El Niño (warm
climates) and La Niña (colder climates) are opposite effects of this same
phenomenon
Coriolis Effect Correct Answer-an effect whereby a mass moving in the
rotation of Earth experiences a force (the Coriolis force ) acting opposite
to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation. On the earth, the
effect tends to deflect moving objects (wind and water currents) to the
right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern
Effects of the Coriolis Effect Correct Answer--Deflection greater near
the poles and smallest at the equator
- Responsible for the rotation of large cyclones (hurricanes)
Products of Photosynthesis Correct Answer-SUGAR and Oxygen
, Requirements for Photosythesis [plants and photosynthetic bacteria
(cyanobacteria)] Correct Answer-sunlight, water, carbon dioxide,
chlorophyll (pigment necessary for plants to convert CO2 and water)
Chemosynthesis Correct Answer-the process of using inorganic minerals
(hydrogen sulfide) from chemical reactions to produce organic
minerals/nutrients; without sunlight i.e chemo-synthetic bacteria in
hydro-thermal vents
Why are hydrothermal vents examples of extreme marine environments?
Correct Answer-- Limited space
- Very high pressure
- Toxic chemicals (sulfur)
- No sunlight
- Extreme temperature (hot water around vent, cold water moving away
from vent)
Effect of evaporation on salinity? Correct Answer-salinity increase
State three factors that affect chemical composition Correct Answer--
Runoff
- Volcanic activity
- Pollution i.e. oil spills
- Acid rain
- Atmospheric dissolution
answers
El Nino Correct Answer-large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate
interaction linked to a periodic warming in sea surface temperatures
across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific; June-December;
caused by a change in wind patterns
La Nina Correct Answer-Trade Winds are particularly strong in carrying
warmer water westwards across the Pacific leading to colder than
average temperatures in the east and warmer than average temperatures
in the west;
Effects of La Nina Correct Answer-- Stronger winds along the equatorial
region
- Weaker jet stream
- Condition more favorable for hurricanes in the Caribbean and Central
Atlantic area
- Greater instances of tornadoes in areas already susceptible to them
Benefits of La Nina Correct Answer-- Increase in plankton in areas
where the temperature is cooler therefore positive effect on marine life
that depend on plankton
Effects of El Nino Correct Answer-influences weather patterns, ocean
conditions, and marine fisheries
,Benefits of El Nino Correct Answer-- fewer hurricanes/tropical cyclones
in the Northern Atlantic
- Milder winters in the U.S and Canada
- Replenishment of water to the southwestern U.S.
Negatives of El Nino Correct Answer-- Drought in northern south
american regions
El Nino Southern Oscillation Correct Answer-Both El Niño (warm
climates) and La Niña (colder climates) are opposite effects of this same
phenomenon
Coriolis Effect Correct Answer-an effect whereby a mass moving in the
rotation of Earth experiences a force (the Coriolis force ) acting opposite
to the direction of motion and to the axis of rotation. On the earth, the
effect tends to deflect moving objects (wind and water currents) to the
right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern
Effects of the Coriolis Effect Correct Answer--Deflection greater near
the poles and smallest at the equator
- Responsible for the rotation of large cyclones (hurricanes)
Products of Photosynthesis Correct Answer-SUGAR and Oxygen
, Requirements for Photosythesis [plants and photosynthetic bacteria
(cyanobacteria)] Correct Answer-sunlight, water, carbon dioxide,
chlorophyll (pigment necessary for plants to convert CO2 and water)
Chemosynthesis Correct Answer-the process of using inorganic minerals
(hydrogen sulfide) from chemical reactions to produce organic
minerals/nutrients; without sunlight i.e chemo-synthetic bacteria in
hydro-thermal vents
Why are hydrothermal vents examples of extreme marine environments?
Correct Answer-- Limited space
- Very high pressure
- Toxic chemicals (sulfur)
- No sunlight
- Extreme temperature (hot water around vent, cold water moving away
from vent)
Effect of evaporation on salinity? Correct Answer-salinity increase
State three factors that affect chemical composition Correct Answer--
Runoff
- Volcanic activity
- Pollution i.e. oil spills
- Acid rain
- Atmospheric dissolution
