INVESTMENTS EXAM PRACTIVE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
•AZsuccessfulZfirmZlikeZMicrosoftZhasZconsistentlyZgeneratedZlargeZprofitsZforZyears.ZIsZthisZaZviolationZofZth
eZEMH?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
•No.ZMicrosoft'sZcontinuingZprofitabilityZdoesZnotZimplyZthatZstockZmarketZinvestorsZwhoZpurchasedZMicro
softZsharesZafterZitsZsuccessZwasZalreadyZevidentZwouldZhaveZearnedZanZexceptionallyZhighZreturnZonZtheirZi
nvestments.
•WhichZofZtheZfollowingZstatementsZareZtrueZifZtheZefficientZmarketZhypothesisZholds?
a)ItZimpliesZthatZfutureZeventsZcanZbeZforecastZwithZperfectZaccuracy.
b)ItZimpliesZthatZpricesZreflectZallZavailableZinformation.
c)ItZimpliesZthatZsecurityZpricesZchangeZforZnoZdiscernibleZreason.
d)ItZimpliesZthatZpricesZdoZnotZfluctuate.Z-ZcorrectZanswer-b)ThisZisZtheZdefinitionZofZanZefficientZmarket.
•WeZknowZthatZtheZmarketZshouldZrespondZpositivelyZtoZgoodZnewsZandZthatZgood-
newsZeventsZsuchZasZtheZcomingZendZofZaZrecessionZcanZbeZpredictedZwithZatZleastZsomeZaccuracy.ZWhy,Zth
en,ZcanZweZnotZpredictZthatZtheZmarketZwillZgoZupZasZtheZeconomyZrecovers?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
•TheZmarketZrespondsZpositivelyZtoZnewZnews.ZIfZtheZeventualZrecoveryZisZanticipated,ZthenZtheZrecoveryZi
sZalreadyZreflectedZinZstockZprices.ZOnlyZaZbetter-than-expectedZrecoveryZshouldZaffectZstockZprices.
1.ZFinancialZengineeringZhasZbeenZdisparagedZasZnothingZmoreZthanZpaperZshuffling.ZCriticsZargueZthatZres
ourcesZusedZforZrearrangingZwealthZ(i.e.,ZbundlingZandZunbundlingZfinancialZassets)ZmightZbeZbetterZspentZ
onZcreatingZwealthZ(i.e.,ZcreatingZrealZassets).ZEvaluateZthisZcriticism.ZAreZanyZbenefitsZrealizedZbyZcreatingZ
anZarrayZofZderivativeZsecuritiesZfromZvariousZprimaryZSecurities?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
Ultimately,ZitZisZtrueZthatZrealZassetsZdetermineZtheZmaterialZwellZbeingZofZanZeconomy.ZNevertheless,Zindiv
idualsZcanZbenefitZwhenZfinancialZengineeringZcreatesZnewZproductsZthatZallowZthemZtoZmanageZtheirZport
foliosZofZfinancialZassetsZmoreZefficiently.ZBecauseZbundlingZandZunbundlingZcreatesZfinancialZproductsZwit
hZnewZpropertiesZandZsensitivitiesZtoZvariousZsourcesZofZrisk,ZitZallowsZinvestorsZtoZhedgeZparticularZsource
sZofZriskZmoreZefficiently.
4.ZAlthoughZweZstatedZthatZrealZassetsZconstituteZtheZtrueZproductiveZcapacityZofZanZeconomy,ZitZis
hardZtoZconceiveZofZaZmodernZeconomyZwithoutZwell-developedZfinancialZmarketsZandZsecurity
types.ZHowZwouldZtheZproductiveZcapacityZofZtheZU.S.ZeconomyZbeZaffectedZifZthereZwereZno
, marketsZinZwhichZtoZtradeZfinancialZassets?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
FinancialZassetsZmakeZitZeasyZforZlargeZfirmsZtoZraiseZtheZcapitalZneededZtoZfinanceZtheirZinvestmentsZinZrea
lZassets.ZIfZFord,ZforZexample,ZcouldZnotZissueZstocksZorZbondsZtoZtheZgeneralZpublic,ZitZwouldZhaveZaZfarZmo
reZdifficultZtimeZraisingZcapital.ZContractionZofZtheZsupplyZofZfinancialZassetsZwouldZmakeZfinancingZmoreZdi
fficult,ZtherebyZincreasingZtheZcostZofZcapital.ZAZhigherZcostZofZcapitalZresultsZinZlessZinvestmentZandZlowerZr
ealZgrowth.
6.ZSupposeZhousingZpricesZacrossZtheZworldZdouble.
a.ZIsZsocietyZanyZricherZforZtheZchange?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
No.ZTheZincreaseZinZpriceZdidZnotZaddZtoZtheZproductiveZcapacityZofZtheZeconomy.
6.ZSupposeZhousingZpricesZacrossZtheZworldZdouble.
b.ZAreZhomeownersZwealthier?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
Yes,ZtheZvalueZofZtheZequityZheldZinZtheseZassetsZhasZincreased.
6.ZSupposeZhousingZpricesZacrossZtheZworldZdouble.
c.ZCanZyouZreconcileZyourZanswersZtoZ(a)ZandZ(b)?ZIsZanyoneZworseZoffZasZaZresultZofZthe
change?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
FutureZhomeownersZasZaZwholeZareZworseZoff,ZsinceZmortgageZliabilitiesZhaveZalsoZincreased.ZInZaddition,Zt
hisZhousingZpriceZbubbleZwillZeventuallyZburstZandZsocietyZasZaZwholeZ(andZmostZlikelyZtaxpayers)ZwillZendu
reZtheZdamage.
14.ZTheZaverageZrateZofZreturnZonZinvestmentsZinZlargeZstocksZhasZoutpacedZthatZonZinvestmentsZin
TreasuryZbillsZbyZaboutZ8%ZsinceZ1926.ZWhy,Zthen,ZdoesZanyoneZinvestZinZTreasuryZbills?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
TreasuryZbillsZserveZaZpurposeZforZinvestorsZwhoZpreferZaZlow-
riskZinvestment.ZTheZlowerZaverageZrateZofZreturnZcomparedZtoZstocksZisZtheZpriceZinvestorsZpayZforZpredict
abilityZofZinvestmentZperformanceZandZportfolioZvalue.
1.ZIfZmarketsZareZefficient,ZwhatZshouldZbeZtheZcorrelationZcoefficientZbetweenZstockZreturnsZforZtwo
nonoverlappingZtimeZperiods?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
TheZcorrelationZcoefficientZbetweenZstockZreturnsZforZtwoZnon-
overlappingZperiodsZshouldZbeZzero.ZIfZnot,ZoneZcouldZuseZreturnsZfromZoneZperiodZtoZpredictZreturnsZinZlat
erZperiodsZandZmakeZabnormalZprofits.
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2025
•AZsuccessfulZfirmZlikeZMicrosoftZhasZconsistentlyZgeneratedZlargeZprofitsZforZyears.ZIsZthisZaZviolationZofZth
eZEMH?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
•No.ZMicrosoft'sZcontinuingZprofitabilityZdoesZnotZimplyZthatZstockZmarketZinvestorsZwhoZpurchasedZMicro
softZsharesZafterZitsZsuccessZwasZalreadyZevidentZwouldZhaveZearnedZanZexceptionallyZhighZreturnZonZtheirZi
nvestments.
•WhichZofZtheZfollowingZstatementsZareZtrueZifZtheZefficientZmarketZhypothesisZholds?
a)ItZimpliesZthatZfutureZeventsZcanZbeZforecastZwithZperfectZaccuracy.
b)ItZimpliesZthatZpricesZreflectZallZavailableZinformation.
c)ItZimpliesZthatZsecurityZpricesZchangeZforZnoZdiscernibleZreason.
d)ItZimpliesZthatZpricesZdoZnotZfluctuate.Z-ZcorrectZanswer-b)ThisZisZtheZdefinitionZofZanZefficientZmarket.
•WeZknowZthatZtheZmarketZshouldZrespondZpositivelyZtoZgoodZnewsZandZthatZgood-
newsZeventsZsuchZasZtheZcomingZendZofZaZrecessionZcanZbeZpredictedZwithZatZleastZsomeZaccuracy.ZWhy,Zth
en,ZcanZweZnotZpredictZthatZtheZmarketZwillZgoZupZasZtheZeconomyZrecovers?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
•TheZmarketZrespondsZpositivelyZtoZnewZnews.ZIfZtheZeventualZrecoveryZisZanticipated,ZthenZtheZrecoveryZi
sZalreadyZreflectedZinZstockZprices.ZOnlyZaZbetter-than-expectedZrecoveryZshouldZaffectZstockZprices.
1.ZFinancialZengineeringZhasZbeenZdisparagedZasZnothingZmoreZthanZpaperZshuffling.ZCriticsZargueZthatZres
ourcesZusedZforZrearrangingZwealthZ(i.e.,ZbundlingZandZunbundlingZfinancialZassets)ZmightZbeZbetterZspentZ
onZcreatingZwealthZ(i.e.,ZcreatingZrealZassets).ZEvaluateZthisZcriticism.ZAreZanyZbenefitsZrealizedZbyZcreatingZ
anZarrayZofZderivativeZsecuritiesZfromZvariousZprimaryZSecurities?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
Ultimately,ZitZisZtrueZthatZrealZassetsZdetermineZtheZmaterialZwellZbeingZofZanZeconomy.ZNevertheless,Zindiv
idualsZcanZbenefitZwhenZfinancialZengineeringZcreatesZnewZproductsZthatZallowZthemZtoZmanageZtheirZport
foliosZofZfinancialZassetsZmoreZefficiently.ZBecauseZbundlingZandZunbundlingZcreatesZfinancialZproductsZwit
hZnewZpropertiesZandZsensitivitiesZtoZvariousZsourcesZofZrisk,ZitZallowsZinvestorsZtoZhedgeZparticularZsource
sZofZriskZmoreZefficiently.
4.ZAlthoughZweZstatedZthatZrealZassetsZconstituteZtheZtrueZproductiveZcapacityZofZanZeconomy,ZitZis
hardZtoZconceiveZofZaZmodernZeconomyZwithoutZwell-developedZfinancialZmarketsZandZsecurity
types.ZHowZwouldZtheZproductiveZcapacityZofZtheZU.S.ZeconomyZbeZaffectedZifZthereZwereZno
, marketsZinZwhichZtoZtradeZfinancialZassets?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
FinancialZassetsZmakeZitZeasyZforZlargeZfirmsZtoZraiseZtheZcapitalZneededZtoZfinanceZtheirZinvestmentsZinZrea
lZassets.ZIfZFord,ZforZexample,ZcouldZnotZissueZstocksZorZbondsZtoZtheZgeneralZpublic,ZitZwouldZhaveZaZfarZmo
reZdifficultZtimeZraisingZcapital.ZContractionZofZtheZsupplyZofZfinancialZassetsZwouldZmakeZfinancingZmoreZdi
fficult,ZtherebyZincreasingZtheZcostZofZcapital.ZAZhigherZcostZofZcapitalZresultsZinZlessZinvestmentZandZlowerZr
ealZgrowth.
6.ZSupposeZhousingZpricesZacrossZtheZworldZdouble.
a.ZIsZsocietyZanyZricherZforZtheZchange?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
No.ZTheZincreaseZinZpriceZdidZnotZaddZtoZtheZproductiveZcapacityZofZtheZeconomy.
6.ZSupposeZhousingZpricesZacrossZtheZworldZdouble.
b.ZAreZhomeownersZwealthier?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
Yes,ZtheZvalueZofZtheZequityZheldZinZtheseZassetsZhasZincreased.
6.ZSupposeZhousingZpricesZacrossZtheZworldZdouble.
c.ZCanZyouZreconcileZyourZanswersZtoZ(a)ZandZ(b)?ZIsZanyoneZworseZoffZasZaZresultZofZthe
change?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
FutureZhomeownersZasZaZwholeZareZworseZoff,ZsinceZmortgageZliabilitiesZhaveZalsoZincreased.ZInZaddition,Zt
hisZhousingZpriceZbubbleZwillZeventuallyZburstZandZsocietyZasZaZwholeZ(andZmostZlikelyZtaxpayers)ZwillZendu
reZtheZdamage.
14.ZTheZaverageZrateZofZreturnZonZinvestmentsZinZlargeZstocksZhasZoutpacedZthatZonZinvestmentsZin
TreasuryZbillsZbyZaboutZ8%ZsinceZ1926.ZWhy,Zthen,ZdoesZanyoneZinvestZinZTreasuryZbills?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
TreasuryZbillsZserveZaZpurposeZforZinvestorsZwhoZpreferZaZlow-
riskZinvestment.ZTheZlowerZaverageZrateZofZreturnZcomparedZtoZstocksZisZtheZpriceZinvestorsZpayZforZpredict
abilityZofZinvestmentZperformanceZandZportfolioZvalue.
1.ZIfZmarketsZareZefficient,ZwhatZshouldZbeZtheZcorrelationZcoefficientZbetweenZstockZreturnsZforZtwo
nonoverlappingZtimeZperiods?Z-ZcorrectZanswer-
TheZcorrelationZcoefficientZbetweenZstockZreturnsZforZtwoZnon-
overlappingZperiodsZshouldZbeZzero.ZIfZnot,ZoneZcouldZuseZreturnsZfromZoneZperiodZtoZpredictZreturnsZinZlat
erZperiodsZandZmakeZabnormalZprofits.