CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions And 100%
Correct Answers
Margin of safety - ANSWER the difference between the usual effective dose and the
dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - ANSWER right patient, right medication, right does, right
route of administration, and right time of delivery
Injection routes - ANSWER intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous, subcutaneous
intramuscular - ANSWER drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
Intrathecal - ANSWER needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine an into
space around the spinal cord
Intravenous - ANSWER injected directly into the veins
Subcutaneous - ANSWER needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the skin
Bioavailablility - ANSWER how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its intended
target site of action
Bioequivalent - ANSWER when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients but
also produce virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - ANSWER production of the same medicinal effects
,Areas of drug elimination and excretion - ANSWER Lungs, breast milk, sweat tears urine
feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - ANSWER failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - ANSWER a medication which is dried and then pulverised into fine particles
pills - ANSWER single dose unit of medication prepared from the powdered medication
mixed with liquid like syrup and then rolled into a round or oval shape
granules - ANSWER small pill, usually accompanied by many others within a gelatin
capsule; quite often releasing medication over a period of time
tablet- The pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the powdered form of a
drug and bulk filling material under high pressure. It is available for anti acids and
antiflatulents.
Capsules- Medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an external shell.
Can be pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release- Several doses of a drug in special coatings that dissolve at different
rates
Enteric Coating- dosing in special coating that does not digest in the stomach, only
begins to digest in the intestines
caplets- dosing shaped like a capsule but has the form of tablet the shape and file make
swallowing easier
gel caps- dosing an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin capsule
Emulsion- dosing two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
,ototoxic drugs ANSWER control localized infections or inflammation and require very
low dosages to be effective
Types of drug despensing ANSWER OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction ANSWER exaggeration of the drug's therapeutic
effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) ANSWER results from mechanisms that are not currently
understood; largely unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) ANSWER These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - ANSWER these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - ANSWER These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - ANSWER Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
Excipients - ANSWER inactive ingredients
Parenteral - ANSWER intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Rectal - ANSWER suppository
Oral - ANSWER tablet, capsule, liquid
Transdermal - ANSWER through the skin via creams or patches
, Binders - ANSWER cement the active and inert components of tablets
Fillers - ANSWER used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy manufacture and
consumption
Glidants(flow enhancers) - ANSWER added to powdered materials used in pill
production to aid movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - ANSWER maintain consistent concentration of the
active ingredients throughout the drug product
disintegrants - ANSWER help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Excipients: Lubricants - ANSWER facilitate the release of the tablets from the dies that
stamp them during the manufacturing process
AUC - ANSWER reflects the extent of the drug absorption or the amount of the drug that
appears in the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - ANSWER peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
First pass effect- ANSWER metabolizing process in the liver which depresses the
amount of drug that ultimately reaches the systemic circulation and the site of action
onset of action- ANSWER the time it takes for a medication to begin to have any desired
effect once it has been administered
Protein Binding - ANSWER the capability of some medications to be bound to plasma
protein
Correct Answers
Margin of safety - ANSWER the difference between the usual effective dose and the
dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - ANSWER right patient, right medication, right does, right
route of administration, and right time of delivery
Injection routes - ANSWER intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous, subcutaneous
intramuscular - ANSWER drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
Intrathecal - ANSWER needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine an into
space around the spinal cord
Intravenous - ANSWER injected directly into the veins
Subcutaneous - ANSWER needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the skin
Bioavailablility - ANSWER how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its intended
target site of action
Bioequivalent - ANSWER when drugs contain not only the same active ingredients but
also produce virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - ANSWER production of the same medicinal effects
,Areas of drug elimination and excretion - ANSWER Lungs, breast milk, sweat tears urine
feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - ANSWER failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - ANSWER a medication which is dried and then pulverised into fine particles
pills - ANSWER single dose unit of medication prepared from the powdered medication
mixed with liquid like syrup and then rolled into a round or oval shape
granules - ANSWER small pill, usually accompanied by many others within a gelatin
capsule; quite often releasing medication over a period of time
tablet- The pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the powdered form of a
drug and bulk filling material under high pressure. It is available for anti acids and
antiflatulents.
Capsules- Medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an external shell.
Can be pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release- Several doses of a drug in special coatings that dissolve at different
rates
Enteric Coating- dosing in special coating that does not digest in the stomach, only
begins to digest in the intestines
caplets- dosing shaped like a capsule but has the form of tablet the shape and file make
swallowing easier
gel caps- dosing an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin capsule
Emulsion- dosing two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
,ototoxic drugs ANSWER control localized infections or inflammation and require very
low dosages to be effective
Types of drug despensing ANSWER OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction ANSWER exaggeration of the drug's therapeutic
effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) ANSWER results from mechanisms that are not currently
understood; largely unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) ANSWER These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - ANSWER these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - ANSWER These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - ANSWER Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
Excipients - ANSWER inactive ingredients
Parenteral - ANSWER intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Rectal - ANSWER suppository
Oral - ANSWER tablet, capsule, liquid
Transdermal - ANSWER through the skin via creams or patches
, Binders - ANSWER cement the active and inert components of tablets
Fillers - ANSWER used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy manufacture and
consumption
Glidants(flow enhancers) - ANSWER added to powdered materials used in pill
production to aid movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - ANSWER maintain consistent concentration of the
active ingredients throughout the drug product
disintegrants - ANSWER help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Excipients: Lubricants - ANSWER facilitate the release of the tablets from the dies that
stamp them during the manufacturing process
AUC - ANSWER reflects the extent of the drug absorption or the amount of the drug that
appears in the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - ANSWER peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
First pass effect- ANSWER metabolizing process in the liver which depresses the
amount of drug that ultimately reaches the systemic circulation and the site of action
onset of action- ANSWER the time it takes for a medication to begin to have any desired
effect once it has been administered
Protein Binding - ANSWER the capability of some medications to be bound to plasma
protein
