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NURS 258: Respiratory Assessment
(E1) Questions and Correct Answers
the Latest Update
subjective data
✓ what the patient tells you
✓ includes: shortness of breath, cough, smoking history, PMH
Shortness of Breath (SOB)
✓ ask questions like:
✓ When did it start? or Are you having any now?
✓ Within the last day, have you had? Is it affected by a position, such as lying down?
✓ How long did/does it last?
✓ DO you have it at activity/rest?
✓ Have you done any treatments/did it help?
orthopnea
✓ difficulty breathing when supine
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
✓ sudden awakening from sleeping with shortness of breath
chronic dyspnea
✓ SOB > 1 month; may have neurogenic, respiratory, or cardia origin; occurs with
anemia, anxiety, and deconditioning
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Cough
✓ Ask questions like:
✓ Do you have a cough? When did it start?
✓ Gradual or sudden? How long have you had it?
✓ Does it wake you up at night? Is it productive or nonproductive? If productive, what
color is it? Cough up any blood (looks like coffee grounds)?
acute cough
✓ lasts less than 2 or 3 weeks
chronic cough
✓ persists over 2 months
Characteristic Timing of Cough
✓ continuous throughout day -- acute illness (respiratory infection)
✓ afternoon/evening -- exposure to irritants at work
✓ night -- postnasal drip, sinusitis
✓ early morning -- chronic bronchial inflammation (smokers)
hemoptysis
✓ coughing up blood
white or clear mucoid sputum
✓ colds, bronchitis, viral infections
yellow or green sputum
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