Chapter 1
Antonovsky’s Generalized Resistance Resources (GRRs). What it
includes.
The three factors of the Sense of Coherence (Comprehensibility,
Manageability and Meaningfulness)
Comprehensibility indicates the degree to which we can make
cognitive sense of the stimuli we perceive.
Manageability refers to our ability to access internal and external
coping resources and use them when we need them.
Meaningfulness refers to our ability to emotionally make sense of
demands and to perceive them as challenges rather than burdens
Lazarus’s Appraisal and Coping Model: Primary appraisal
[Irrelevant, Benign-positive, and Stressful as well as Harm-loss
appraisals, Threat appraisals and Challenge appraisals]
During Primary Appraisal events can be appraised in three possible
ways:
As Irrelevant, it has no implications for the person’s health and well-
being and no response is required (e.g., seeing two people arguing
on a TV show, has no relevance to our lives).
As Benign-positive, the emotional valence would be neutral or
positive (e.g., talking to a friend about the good weather outside).
Stressful reactions occur when the situation is judged as involving
harm-loss, threat and/or challenge (e.g., loss of a girl- or boyfriend
or job).
Harm-loss appraisals are past or present oriented and result from
appraisals of loss or damage that is happening or has already
happened.
Threat appraisals are future-oriented when the future suggests the
possibility of harm and loss.
, Challenge appraisals see the potential for gain or growth.
Chapter 2
Happiness Set Point and Hedonic Adaptation
Happiness set point: when we are too happy or unhappy, our
internal biological regulators try to bring happiness levels back to a
genetically determined set point.
Hedonic adaptation is based on the concept that happiness due to
circumstances tends to be temporary because we generally adjust
fairly soon to our new circumstances.
The Characteristics of Realistic Optimists
They give themselves and other the benefit of the doubt.
They appreciate the moment.
They seek windows of opportunity.
They engage in reality checks.
The Elements of the Subjective State of Flow
There is an intense and focused concentration on the present
moment.
There is a merging of action and awareness.
There is loss of reflective self-consciousness (loss of awareness of
oneself as a social actor).
There is a sense that one can control one’s actions.
The different processes through which Gratitude may benefit us.
Enhancing our enjoyment of benefits because the benefits seem
more special when they are perceived as gifts.
Helping us focus attention on the good things in our life rather than
what we are lacking because focusing on what we are lacking leads
to envy and other negative emotions.
Enhancing our social relationships because people like grateful
people and give them more social rewards.
Helping us cope better with difficult circumstances because we are
able to focus more on the benefits of stressful experiences even
though we are experiencing difficulties.
Antonovsky’s Generalized Resistance Resources (GRRs). What it
includes.
The three factors of the Sense of Coherence (Comprehensibility,
Manageability and Meaningfulness)
Comprehensibility indicates the degree to which we can make
cognitive sense of the stimuli we perceive.
Manageability refers to our ability to access internal and external
coping resources and use them when we need them.
Meaningfulness refers to our ability to emotionally make sense of
demands and to perceive them as challenges rather than burdens
Lazarus’s Appraisal and Coping Model: Primary appraisal
[Irrelevant, Benign-positive, and Stressful as well as Harm-loss
appraisals, Threat appraisals and Challenge appraisals]
During Primary Appraisal events can be appraised in three possible
ways:
As Irrelevant, it has no implications for the person’s health and well-
being and no response is required (e.g., seeing two people arguing
on a TV show, has no relevance to our lives).
As Benign-positive, the emotional valence would be neutral or
positive (e.g., talking to a friend about the good weather outside).
Stressful reactions occur when the situation is judged as involving
harm-loss, threat and/or challenge (e.g., loss of a girl- or boyfriend
or job).
Harm-loss appraisals are past or present oriented and result from
appraisals of loss or damage that is happening or has already
happened.
Threat appraisals are future-oriented when the future suggests the
possibility of harm and loss.
, Challenge appraisals see the potential for gain or growth.
Chapter 2
Happiness Set Point and Hedonic Adaptation
Happiness set point: when we are too happy or unhappy, our
internal biological regulators try to bring happiness levels back to a
genetically determined set point.
Hedonic adaptation is based on the concept that happiness due to
circumstances tends to be temporary because we generally adjust
fairly soon to our new circumstances.
The Characteristics of Realistic Optimists
They give themselves and other the benefit of the doubt.
They appreciate the moment.
They seek windows of opportunity.
They engage in reality checks.
The Elements of the Subjective State of Flow
There is an intense and focused concentration on the present
moment.
There is a merging of action and awareness.
There is loss of reflective self-consciousness (loss of awareness of
oneself as a social actor).
There is a sense that one can control one’s actions.
The different processes through which Gratitude may benefit us.
Enhancing our enjoyment of benefits because the benefits seem
more special when they are perceived as gifts.
Helping us focus attention on the good things in our life rather than
what we are lacking because focusing on what we are lacking leads
to envy and other negative emotions.
Enhancing our social relationships because people like grateful
people and give them more social rewards.
Helping us cope better with difficult circumstances because we are
able to focus more on the benefits of stressful experiences even
though we are experiencing difficulties.
