PRAXIS: Principles K-12 (5625) Questions And Answers Guaranteed Success.

PRAXIS: Principles K-12 (5625) Questions And Answers Guaranteed Success. Theoretical Foundations on how students learn - correct answer. 1. know how knowledge is constructed 2. know a variety of means by which skills are acquired 3. Understand a variety of cognitive processes and how they are developed Bandura - correct answer. Social Learning Theory - emphasizes modeling or observational learning as a powerful source of development and behavior modification Four meditational processes 1. attention 2. retention 3. reproduction 4. motivation what are the four sources of influence according to bandura? - correct answer. 1. mastery experiences- solving problems on your own in game based creative learning 2. Vicarious experiences- observing others to successfully complete a task 3. Social persuasion 4. emotional states Bruner - correct answer. Constructivist theory- learning is an active process where learners construct new ideas or concepts based on their current or past knowledge The process of learning should go from concrete to abstract and should follow three steps 1. Hands on 2. Learning with images 3. Transform to language What are the four major aspects instruction should cover according to bruner? - correct answer. 1. Predisposition towards learning 2. Ways in which a body of knowledge can be structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the learner 3. The most effective sequences to present material 4. The nature and pacing of rewards and punishments According to Bruner, what is a Spiral Curriculum? - correct answer. 1. Revisit topics at regular intervals 2. Complexity increases with each visit 3. Learning has a relationship with previous topics covered Dewey - correct answer. PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION: education should be experiential and relevant What is experiential learning according to Dewey? - correct answer. children do better by doing because they are in the present, not in distant future What are Deweys four principals? - correct answer. 1. Doing 2. Discussing 3. Interacting 4. Interdisciplinary/ connecting Piaget - correct answer. Established the theories of cognitive development According to Piaget, what are the theories in education? - correct answer. Active exploration Inquiry learning Discovery learning Developmentally appropriate instruction Maximize curiosity and minimize frustration Play is valuable way to learn Social interaction According to Piaget, what are Schema? - correct answer. Structured cluster of concepts, can be used to represent objects scenarios or sequences of events or relations What is assimilation? - correct answer. make new information fit in with the students existing understanding of the world What is accommodation? - correct answer. use if they don't fit into the existing schema Vygotsky - correct answer. Developed the theory of cognitive development Zone of proximal development: distance between what a learner is not currently capable of doing unsupported and what they can do unsupported This is the range of where they are capable only with support from someone with more knowledge or expertise Kohlberg - correct answer. Developed the theory of moral development, expanded Piagets work created a tool for understanding students at different stages of moral understanding Rules Standards Consequences These help create a positive and constructive learning environment Stages • Obedience and punishment • Self interest • Interpersonal accord and conformity • Authority and maintaining social order • Social contract • Universal ethical principles Bloom - correct answer. Established "blooms taxonomy" which is a theoretical framework for learning and identifies three domains of learning 1. Cognitive- knowledge 2. Affective- attitude and self 3. Psychomotor- skills According to Bloom, what are the six educational objectives? - correct answer. 1. Knowledge 2. Comprehension 3. Application 4. Analysis 5. Synthesis 6. evaluation What is metacognition - correct answer. thinking about thinking What is transfer? - correct answer. interactive instructional strategy What is the first stage of cognitive development? - correct answer. Sensorimotor stage: birth-2 • Kid learns about the world by using their senses to interact with their surroundings What is the second stage of cognitive development? - correct answer. Preoperational stage: age 2-7 • Children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn how to manipulate symbols