Chapter 2 Intro to PSY EGCC
Excitatory Synapse & Inhibitory Synapses - ✔️✔️In other words, it's not the
neurotransmitter itself that is excitatory or Inhibitory, but rather the effect of that
neurotransmitter that is excitatory or inhibitory at the receptor sites of a particular
synapse.
when the cell is semipermeable - ✔️✔️This means some substances that are outside
the cell can enter through tiny protein openings, or channels, in the membrane, while
other substances can go outside.
Nervous System - ✔️✔️a network of cells that carries information to and from all parts
of the body.
Dendrites - ✔️✔️The parts of the neuron that receive messages from other cells.
Soma - ✔️✔️which is part of the cell that contains a nucleus and keeps the entire cell
alive and functioning.
Axon - ✔️✔️is a fiber attached to the soma, and its job is to carry messages out to
other cells.
Axon Terminals - ✔️✔️which are responsible for communicating with other nerve cells.
Glial Cells - ✔️✔️which serve a variety of functions. Some glia serves as sort of
structure on which neurons develop and work and hold the neurons into place.
Myelin - ✔️✔️wraps around the shaft of the axon, forming an insulating and protective
sheath.
Neurons - ✔️✔️is the specialized cell in the nervous that receives and send messages
within that system.
Nerves - ✔️✔️Bundles of Myelin-coated axons travel together as "cables" in the
peripheral nervous system
Diffusion - ✔️✔️the process of ions moving from areas of high concentration to areas
of low concentration.
electrostatic pressure - ✔️✔️the relative electrical charges when the ions are at rest.
, Resting Potential - ✔️✔️when the cell is resting
Action Potential - ✔️✔️when the electrical potential is now in action rather than a rest.
all-or-none fashion - ✔️✔️the neurons either firing at full strength or not firing at all
Synaptic Vesicles - ✔️✔️little fluid "sac like" structures
Neurotransmitters - ✔️✔️Inside the vesicles are chemicals suspended in fluids
Synapse or Synaptic Gap - ✔️✔️Next to the axon in the dendrite of another neuron -
Between them is a fluid-filled space called a (Synapse)
Receptor Sites - ✔️✔️Proteins that allow only particular molecules of a certain shape to
fit into it, just as only a particular key will fit into a keyhole.
Acetylcholine - ✔️✔️stimulates the skeletal muscles to contract but actually slows
contractions in the heart muscle. - It is found at the synapse between neurons and
muscle cells.
Antagonist - ✔️✔️A chemical substance that blocks or reduces the effects of a
neurotransmitter
Agonist - ✔️✔️A chemical substance that mimics or enhances the effects of a
neurotransmitter.
Dopamine - ✔️✔️is a neurotransmitter found in the brain ..is involved in control of
movement, sensation, and pleasure.
Serotonin - ✔️✔️is a neurotransmitter originating in the lower part of the brain that can
either an excitatory or inhibitory effect, depending on the particular synapse being
affected. It is associated with mood, sleep, anxiety, and appetite.
Glutamate - ✔️✔️the nervous system's major excitatory neurotransmitter. involved in
learning, memory formation, nervous system development, and synaptic plasticity.
GABA - ✔️✔️GABA can help calm anxiety -has the same effects of Alcohol ( The effect
of alcohol is to enhance GABA )
Endorphins - ✔️✔️Inhibitory neural regulators, involved in pain relief
Reuptake - ✔️✔️The neurotransmitters have to get out of the receptor site before the
next stimulation can occur. Some just drift away through the process of diffusion, but
Excitatory Synapse & Inhibitory Synapses - ✔️✔️In other words, it's not the
neurotransmitter itself that is excitatory or Inhibitory, but rather the effect of that
neurotransmitter that is excitatory or inhibitory at the receptor sites of a particular
synapse.
when the cell is semipermeable - ✔️✔️This means some substances that are outside
the cell can enter through tiny protein openings, or channels, in the membrane, while
other substances can go outside.
Nervous System - ✔️✔️a network of cells that carries information to and from all parts
of the body.
Dendrites - ✔️✔️The parts of the neuron that receive messages from other cells.
Soma - ✔️✔️which is part of the cell that contains a nucleus and keeps the entire cell
alive and functioning.
Axon - ✔️✔️is a fiber attached to the soma, and its job is to carry messages out to
other cells.
Axon Terminals - ✔️✔️which are responsible for communicating with other nerve cells.
Glial Cells - ✔️✔️which serve a variety of functions. Some glia serves as sort of
structure on which neurons develop and work and hold the neurons into place.
Myelin - ✔️✔️wraps around the shaft of the axon, forming an insulating and protective
sheath.
Neurons - ✔️✔️is the specialized cell in the nervous that receives and send messages
within that system.
Nerves - ✔️✔️Bundles of Myelin-coated axons travel together as "cables" in the
peripheral nervous system
Diffusion - ✔️✔️the process of ions moving from areas of high concentration to areas
of low concentration.
electrostatic pressure - ✔️✔️the relative electrical charges when the ions are at rest.
, Resting Potential - ✔️✔️when the cell is resting
Action Potential - ✔️✔️when the electrical potential is now in action rather than a rest.
all-or-none fashion - ✔️✔️the neurons either firing at full strength or not firing at all
Synaptic Vesicles - ✔️✔️little fluid "sac like" structures
Neurotransmitters - ✔️✔️Inside the vesicles are chemicals suspended in fluids
Synapse or Synaptic Gap - ✔️✔️Next to the axon in the dendrite of another neuron -
Between them is a fluid-filled space called a (Synapse)
Receptor Sites - ✔️✔️Proteins that allow only particular molecules of a certain shape to
fit into it, just as only a particular key will fit into a keyhole.
Acetylcholine - ✔️✔️stimulates the skeletal muscles to contract but actually slows
contractions in the heart muscle. - It is found at the synapse between neurons and
muscle cells.
Antagonist - ✔️✔️A chemical substance that blocks or reduces the effects of a
neurotransmitter
Agonist - ✔️✔️A chemical substance that mimics or enhances the effects of a
neurotransmitter.
Dopamine - ✔️✔️is a neurotransmitter found in the brain ..is involved in control of
movement, sensation, and pleasure.
Serotonin - ✔️✔️is a neurotransmitter originating in the lower part of the brain that can
either an excitatory or inhibitory effect, depending on the particular synapse being
affected. It is associated with mood, sleep, anxiety, and appetite.
Glutamate - ✔️✔️the nervous system's major excitatory neurotransmitter. involved in
learning, memory formation, nervous system development, and synaptic plasticity.
GABA - ✔️✔️GABA can help calm anxiety -has the same effects of Alcohol ( The effect
of alcohol is to enhance GABA )
Endorphins - ✔️✔️Inhibitory neural regulators, involved in pain relief
Reuptake - ✔️✔️The neurotransmitters have to get out of the receptor site before the
next stimulation can occur. Some just drift away through the process of diffusion, but
