©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
PHAR 100- Module 3 Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Solved | Rated A+
sedative hypnotic agents - ✔✔are CNS depressants
anti-anxiety: used to treat anxiety disorders and OCD
sedation: relives anxiety, decreases excitement, calms people
hypnosis: produces drowsiness and sleep
general anesthesia: induces a state of unconciousness
Controlling CNS excitation - ✔✔decreasing the firing of the major excitatory
neurotransmitter glutamate, will calm the brain
drug classes - ✔✔any class of drug that has the same MOA, and similar
pharmacological properties
GABA signalling - ✔✔- GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in
the CNS
- it causes inhibition by binding to and opening chloride channels, causing
hyper polarization of the post synaptic membrane of a neuron (making it
harder for neurons to signal other neurons)
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Most sedative hypnotics - ✔✔controlling the chloride ion channel (GABA
receptor) in the brain and spinal chord *each bond to a different site on the
chloride channel8
- the result is an increase of inhibition and dampening a neuronal response
- there enhance the inhibitority effect of GABA
Drugs that bind to the chloride channels: Benzodiazepines - ✔✔
Benzodiazepines- MOA - ✔✔activation of benzodiazepine receptor
increases the frequency of opening the chloride channel
Benzodiazepines- routes of administration - ✔✔-usually capsule or tablet
Benzodiazepines- lethality - ✔✔commonly involved with overdose (deaths
from OD are rare)
- death has occurred after large doses
Benzodiazepines- pharmacology - ✔✔- high therapeutic index
- anti-anxiety effects
- decrease aggression
- produce minimal suppression of REM sleep
- relax muscles
- anti-convlusant action
- an antidote exists in case of OD
PHAR 100- Module 3 Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Solved | Rated A+
sedative hypnotic agents - ✔✔are CNS depressants
anti-anxiety: used to treat anxiety disorders and OCD
sedation: relives anxiety, decreases excitement, calms people
hypnosis: produces drowsiness and sleep
general anesthesia: induces a state of unconciousness
Controlling CNS excitation - ✔✔decreasing the firing of the major excitatory
neurotransmitter glutamate, will calm the brain
drug classes - ✔✔any class of drug that has the same MOA, and similar
pharmacological properties
GABA signalling - ✔✔- GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in
the CNS
- it causes inhibition by binding to and opening chloride channels, causing
hyper polarization of the post synaptic membrane of a neuron (making it
harder for neurons to signal other neurons)
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Most sedative hypnotics - ✔✔controlling the chloride ion channel (GABA
receptor) in the brain and spinal chord *each bond to a different site on the
chloride channel8
- the result is an increase of inhibition and dampening a neuronal response
- there enhance the inhibitority effect of GABA
Drugs that bind to the chloride channels: Benzodiazepines - ✔✔
Benzodiazepines- MOA - ✔✔activation of benzodiazepine receptor
increases the frequency of opening the chloride channel
Benzodiazepines- routes of administration - ✔✔-usually capsule or tablet
Benzodiazepines- lethality - ✔✔commonly involved with overdose (deaths
from OD are rare)
- death has occurred after large doses
Benzodiazepines- pharmacology - ✔✔- high therapeutic index
- anti-anxiety effects
- decrease aggression
- produce minimal suppression of REM sleep
- relax muscles
- anti-convlusant action
- an antidote exists in case of OD
