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PCCN Exam Questions and Answers
100% Solved | Graded A+
Causes of prerenal AKI - ✔✔blood flow changes > hypovolemia, hTN, and
renal vasoconstriction
Causes of intrarenal AKI - ✔✔Tubular necrosis secondary to surgery,
shock, sepsis, rhabdo, and blood transfusion reaction
Causes of postrenal AKI - ✔✔Mechanical obstruction, BPH, prostate
cancer, and renal calculi
If a patient's hyperkalemia is not improving after calcium gluconate, regular
IV insulin, and glucose, what is the next step? - ✔✔Dialysis
Common complications of an AKI - ✔✔electrolyte abnormalities, metabolic
acidosis, pulmonary and peripheral edema, HF and nervous system
changes (lethargy, AMS) due to uremia
EKG signs of an AKI - ✔✔Peaked T waves and widening QRS complex
The National Kidney Foundation recommends that patients on dialysis
drink less than ___ oz per day - ✔✔32
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Foods high in potassium include - ✔✔Broccoli, leafy greens, peas,
potatoes, spinach, milk, yogurt, tuna, legumes
A patient with hypokalemia is not responding to potassium
supplementation. what additional lab should be checked? - ✔✔Magnesium.
Hypomagnesia can exacerbate hypokalemia or make supplementation
ineffective.
A decrease in urine volume by ____ mL/kg over 6 hours also indicates a
possible AKI - ✔✔0.5
S/S of small bowel obstruction - ✔✔decreased appetite, bilious vomiting,
distended abdomen, bloating
S/S of large bowel obstruction - ✔✔diffuse abdominal tenderness,
constipation, intermittent feculent vomiting
S/S of upper GI bleed - ✔✔epigastric pain, bright red or coffee ground
emesis, hematemesis, htn, syncope
S/S of lower GI bleed - ✔✔hematochezia, bright or dark red clots in stool
What is the gold standard test for diagnosing ischemic bowel? - ✔✔CT
angiography
PCCN Exam Questions and Answers
100% Solved | Graded A+
Causes of prerenal AKI - ✔✔blood flow changes > hypovolemia, hTN, and
renal vasoconstriction
Causes of intrarenal AKI - ✔✔Tubular necrosis secondary to surgery,
shock, sepsis, rhabdo, and blood transfusion reaction
Causes of postrenal AKI - ✔✔Mechanical obstruction, BPH, prostate
cancer, and renal calculi
If a patient's hyperkalemia is not improving after calcium gluconate, regular
IV insulin, and glucose, what is the next step? - ✔✔Dialysis
Common complications of an AKI - ✔✔electrolyte abnormalities, metabolic
acidosis, pulmonary and peripheral edema, HF and nervous system
changes (lethargy, AMS) due to uremia
EKG signs of an AKI - ✔✔Peaked T waves and widening QRS complex
The National Kidney Foundation recommends that patients on dialysis
drink less than ___ oz per day - ✔✔32
, ©NINJANERD 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Foods high in potassium include - ✔✔Broccoli, leafy greens, peas,
potatoes, spinach, milk, yogurt, tuna, legumes
A patient with hypokalemia is not responding to potassium
supplementation. what additional lab should be checked? - ✔✔Magnesium.
Hypomagnesia can exacerbate hypokalemia or make supplementation
ineffective.
A decrease in urine volume by ____ mL/kg over 6 hours also indicates a
possible AKI - ✔✔0.5
S/S of small bowel obstruction - ✔✔decreased appetite, bilious vomiting,
distended abdomen, bloating
S/S of large bowel obstruction - ✔✔diffuse abdominal tenderness,
constipation, intermittent feculent vomiting
S/S of upper GI bleed - ✔✔epigastric pain, bright red or coffee ground
emesis, hematemesis, htn, syncope
S/S of lower GI bleed - ✔✔hematochezia, bright or dark red clots in stool
What is the gold standard test for diagnosing ischemic bowel? - ✔✔CT
angiography
