GRCC EXAM 3 REVIEW Biology 151
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What iiis iiinterphase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iiperiod iiin iiwhich iithe iicell iicycle iiwhen iithe
iicell iiis iinot iidividing. iiCellular iimetabolic iiactivity iiis iihigh, iichromosomes iiand
iiorganelles iiare iiduplicated, iiand iicell iisize iimay iiincrease. iiAccounts iifor iiabout
ii90% iiof iithe iicell iicycle.
What iiis iiG0? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iinon-dividing iistate iioccupied iiby iicells iithat iihave
iileft iithe iicell iicycle, iisometimes iireversibility.
What iiis iiG1? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iifirst iigap, iior iigrowth iiphase, iiof iithe iicell iicycle,
iiconsisting iiof iithe iiportion iiof iiinterphase iibefore iiDNA iisynthesis iibegins.
What iiis iiS-Phase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iisynthesis iiphase iiof iithe iicell iicycle, iithe
iiportion iiof iiinterphase iiduring iiwhich iiDNA iiis iireplicated.
What iiis iiG2? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iisecond iigap, iior iigrowth iiphase, iiof iithe iicell
iicycle, iiconsisting iiof iithe iiportion iiof iiinterphase iiafter iiDNA iisynthesis iioccurs.
What iiis iiMitosis? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iiprocess iiof iinuclear iidivision iiin iieukaryotic iicells
iiconventionally iidivided iiinto iifive iistages: iiprophase, iimetaphase, iianaphase, iiand
iitelophase. iiConserves iichromosome iinumber iiby iiallocating iireplicated
iichromosomes iiequally iito iieach iiof iithe iidaughter iinuclei.
What iiis iioccurring iioverall iiin iimitosis? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iicycle iithat iieukaryotic
iicells iigo iithrough iiin iiorder iito iidivide. iiDuring iimitosis, iia iicell iiduplicates iiits
iiDNA iiand iidivides iiinto iitwo iigenetically iiidentical iicells.
What iiis iiprophase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iifirst iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin iiwhich iithe
iichromatin iicondenses iiinto iidiscrete iichromosomes iivisible iiwith iia iilight
iimicroscope, iithe iimitotic iispindle iibegins iito iiform, iiand iithe iinucleolus iidisappears
iibut iithe iinucleus iiremains iiintact.
What iiis iiMetaphase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iithird iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin iiwhich iithe
iispindle iiis iicomplete iiand iithe iichromosomes, iiattached iito iimicrotubules iiat iitheir
iikinetochores, iiare iiall iialigned iiat iithe iiplate.
What iiis iiAnaphase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iiforth iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin iiwhich iithe
iichromatids iiof iieach iichromosomes iihave iiseparated iiand iithe iidaughter
iichromosomes iiare iimoving iito iithe iipoles iiof iithe iicell.
, What iiis iiTelophase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iififth iiand iifinal iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin
iiwhich iidaughter iinuclei iiare iiforming iiand iicytokinesis iihas iitypically iibegun.
What iiis iicytokinesis? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iidivision iiof iithe iicytoplasm iito iiform iitwo
iiseparate iidaughter iicells iiimmediately iiafter iimitosis, iimeiosis iiI, iior iimeiosis iiII.
What iiis iicytokinesis iiin iiplant iicells? ii- iiAnswers ii-Cannot iiproceed iiwith iia
iicleavage iifurrow.
What iiis iicytokinesis iiin iianimal iicells? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iicontractile iiring iiis iia iiring
iiof iiactin iifilaments iibelow iithe iicell iimembrane iithat iiconstricts iithe iimiddle iiof iia
iidividing iicell iito iicomplete iicell iidivision.
What iiis iicytokinesis iiin iicell iiplate? ii- iiAnswers ii-Built iiin iithe iicenter iiby iifusion
iiof iiGolgi-derived iivesicles.
What iiis iicleavage iifurrow? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iifirst iisign iiof iicleavage iiin iian
iianimal iicell, iia iishallow iigroove iiaround iithe iicell iiin iithe iicell iisurface iinear iithe
iiold iimetaphase iiplate.
What iitriggers iicell iidivision ii(or iiprevents iiit)? ii- iiAnswers ii-Gatekeeper iiCells
What iiis iithe iirole iiof iicellular iicheckpoints? ii- iiAnswers ii-Ensures iiproper iidivision
iiof iithe iicell.
What iiis iicyclins? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iicellular iiprotein iithat iioccurs iiin iia iicyclically
iifluctuating iiconcentration iiand iithat iiplays iian iiimportant iirole iiin iiregulating iithe
iicell iicycle.
What iiis iicyclin-dependent iikinases? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iiprotein iikinase iithat iiis iiactive
iionly iiwhen iiattached iito iia iiparticular iicyclin.
What iiis iia iiGenome? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iigenetic iimaterial iiof iian iiorganism iior
iivirus; iithe iicomplete iicomplement iiof iian iiorganism's iior iivirus's iigenes iialong
iiwith iiits iinoncoding iinucleic iiacid iisequences.
What iiis iia iichromatin? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iicomplex iiof iiDNA iiand iiproteins iithat
iimakes iiup iieukaryotic iichromosomes. iiWhen iithe iicell iiis iinot iidividing, iichromatin
iiexists iiin iiits iidispersed iiform, iias iia iimass iiof iivery iilong, iithin iifibers iithat iiare
iinot iivisible iiwith iia iilight iimicroscope.
What iiis iiheterochromatin? ii- iiAnswers ii-Eukaryotic iichromatin iithat iiremains iihighly
iicompacted iiduring iiinterphase iiand iiis iigenerally iinot iitranscribed.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What iiis iiinterphase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iiperiod iiin iiwhich iithe iicell iicycle iiwhen iithe
iicell iiis iinot iidividing. iiCellular iimetabolic iiactivity iiis iihigh, iichromosomes iiand
iiorganelles iiare iiduplicated, iiand iicell iisize iimay iiincrease. iiAccounts iifor iiabout
ii90% iiof iithe iicell iicycle.
What iiis iiG0? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iinon-dividing iistate iioccupied iiby iicells iithat iihave
iileft iithe iicell iicycle, iisometimes iireversibility.
What iiis iiG1? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iifirst iigap, iior iigrowth iiphase, iiof iithe iicell iicycle,
iiconsisting iiof iithe iiportion iiof iiinterphase iibefore iiDNA iisynthesis iibegins.
What iiis iiS-Phase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iisynthesis iiphase iiof iithe iicell iicycle, iithe
iiportion iiof iiinterphase iiduring iiwhich iiDNA iiis iireplicated.
What iiis iiG2? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iisecond iigap, iior iigrowth iiphase, iiof iithe iicell
iicycle, iiconsisting iiof iithe iiportion iiof iiinterphase iiafter iiDNA iisynthesis iioccurs.
What iiis iiMitosis? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iiprocess iiof iinuclear iidivision iiin iieukaryotic iicells
iiconventionally iidivided iiinto iifive iistages: iiprophase, iimetaphase, iianaphase, iiand
iitelophase. iiConserves iichromosome iinumber iiby iiallocating iireplicated
iichromosomes iiequally iito iieach iiof iithe iidaughter iinuclei.
What iiis iioccurring iioverall iiin iimitosis? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iicycle iithat iieukaryotic
iicells iigo iithrough iiin iiorder iito iidivide. iiDuring iimitosis, iia iicell iiduplicates iiits
iiDNA iiand iidivides iiinto iitwo iigenetically iiidentical iicells.
What iiis iiprophase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iifirst iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin iiwhich iithe
iichromatin iicondenses iiinto iidiscrete iichromosomes iivisible iiwith iia iilight
iimicroscope, iithe iimitotic iispindle iibegins iito iiform, iiand iithe iinucleolus iidisappears
iibut iithe iinucleus iiremains iiintact.
What iiis iiMetaphase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iithird iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin iiwhich iithe
iispindle iiis iicomplete iiand iithe iichromosomes, iiattached iito iimicrotubules iiat iitheir
iikinetochores, iiare iiall iialigned iiat iithe iiplate.
What iiis iiAnaphase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iiforth iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin iiwhich iithe
iichromatids iiof iieach iichromosomes iihave iiseparated iiand iithe iidaughter
iichromosomes iiare iimoving iito iithe iipoles iiof iithe iicell.
, What iiis iiTelophase? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iififth iiand iifinal iistage iiof iimitosis, iiin
iiwhich iidaughter iinuclei iiare iiforming iiand iicytokinesis iihas iitypically iibegun.
What iiis iicytokinesis? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iidivision iiof iithe iicytoplasm iito iiform iitwo
iiseparate iidaughter iicells iiimmediately iiafter iimitosis, iimeiosis iiI, iior iimeiosis iiII.
What iiis iicytokinesis iiin iiplant iicells? ii- iiAnswers ii-Cannot iiproceed iiwith iia
iicleavage iifurrow.
What iiis iicytokinesis iiin iianimal iicells? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iicontractile iiring iiis iia iiring
iiof iiactin iifilaments iibelow iithe iicell iimembrane iithat iiconstricts iithe iimiddle iiof iia
iidividing iicell iito iicomplete iicell iidivision.
What iiis iicytokinesis iiin iicell iiplate? ii- iiAnswers ii-Built iiin iithe iicenter iiby iifusion
iiof iiGolgi-derived iivesicles.
What iiis iicleavage iifurrow? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iifirst iisign iiof iicleavage iiin iian
iianimal iicell, iia iishallow iigroove iiaround iithe iicell iiin iithe iicell iisurface iinear iithe
iiold iimetaphase iiplate.
What iitriggers iicell iidivision ii(or iiprevents iiit)? ii- iiAnswers ii-Gatekeeper iiCells
What iiis iithe iirole iiof iicellular iicheckpoints? ii- iiAnswers ii-Ensures iiproper iidivision
iiof iithe iicell.
What iiis iicyclins? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iicellular iiprotein iithat iioccurs iiin iia iicyclically
iifluctuating iiconcentration iiand iithat iiplays iian iiimportant iirole iiin iiregulating iithe
iicell iicycle.
What iiis iicyclin-dependent iikinases? ii- iiAnswers ii-A iiprotein iikinase iithat iiis iiactive
iionly iiwhen iiattached iito iia iiparticular iicyclin.
What iiis iia iiGenome? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iigenetic iimaterial iiof iian iiorganism iior
iivirus; iithe iicomplete iicomplement iiof iian iiorganism's iior iivirus's iigenes iialong
iiwith iiits iinoncoding iinucleic iiacid iisequences.
What iiis iia iichromatin? ii- iiAnswers ii-The iicomplex iiof iiDNA iiand iiproteins iithat
iimakes iiup iieukaryotic iichromosomes. iiWhen iithe iicell iiis iinot iidividing, iichromatin
iiexists iiin iiits iidispersed iiform, iias iia iimass iiof iivery iilong, iithin iifibers iithat iiare
iinot iivisible iiwith iia iilight iimicroscope.
What iiis iiheterochromatin? ii- iiAnswers ii-Eukaryotic iichromatin iithat iiremains iihighly
iicompacted iiduring iiinterphase iiand iiis iigenerally iinot iitranscribed.
