COGNITIVE SCIENCES. MIDTERM EXAM REVISION
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+) (100%
GUARANTEE) (2024 UPDATE)
The "Hard" Problem - ANSWER- Can humans ever learn what it's like to represent the world
using echolocation?
Mary lives in a world of black and white. She sees the color red for the first time.
The Knowledge Argument - ANSWER- Conscious experience involves non-physical
properties
Mary the Color Scientist
Leibniz's Mill Argument - ANSWER- We will never find anything to explain a perception
Semantic Priming - ANSWER- Occurs when there is a priming effect that can only be
explained through information processing about the meaning of words
Shows that there can be information processing that is both non-modular and non-conscious
Information processing without awareness
Masked Priming - ANSWER- A stimulus (the prime) is presented for a very short presentation
duration and is immediately followed by the target, which causes backward masking of the prime
Vision for Perception - ANSWER- Use current visual information about the size, shape, and
disposition of the object to program and control the skilled movements needed to carry out the
action
, Vision for Action - ANSWER- Provide visual information to enable the identification of a goal
object such as a coffee cup, and to enable other cognitive systems to plan the action of picking up
that cup
Unilateral Spatial Neglect - ANSWER- Patients lack awareness of sensory events on the side
opposite to the side of the brain that is damaged
Might only apply make-up to one side of the face
A-not-B Error - ANSWER- Infants will reach for a toy in container A even if they see it placed
in container B (object permanence)
Differences between Watt governor and Computational governor - ANSWER- Dynamic
hypothesis (Watt governor) is a better metaphorical description of the way humans think than the
computational governor (Turing machine)
Computational governor is made up of distinct sub-systems
Watt governor does not involve representations and is not computational, sequential, or
decomposable
Watt governor works in real time, with adjustments being made instantaneously
Four important features of the Watt governor:
Dynamical system
Time-sensitivity
Coupling
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED A+) (100%
GUARANTEE) (2024 UPDATE)
The "Hard" Problem - ANSWER- Can humans ever learn what it's like to represent the world
using echolocation?
Mary lives in a world of black and white. She sees the color red for the first time.
The Knowledge Argument - ANSWER- Conscious experience involves non-physical
properties
Mary the Color Scientist
Leibniz's Mill Argument - ANSWER- We will never find anything to explain a perception
Semantic Priming - ANSWER- Occurs when there is a priming effect that can only be
explained through information processing about the meaning of words
Shows that there can be information processing that is both non-modular and non-conscious
Information processing without awareness
Masked Priming - ANSWER- A stimulus (the prime) is presented for a very short presentation
duration and is immediately followed by the target, which causes backward masking of the prime
Vision for Perception - ANSWER- Use current visual information about the size, shape, and
disposition of the object to program and control the skilled movements needed to carry out the
action
, Vision for Action - ANSWER- Provide visual information to enable the identification of a goal
object such as a coffee cup, and to enable other cognitive systems to plan the action of picking up
that cup
Unilateral Spatial Neglect - ANSWER- Patients lack awareness of sensory events on the side
opposite to the side of the brain that is damaged
Might only apply make-up to one side of the face
A-not-B Error - ANSWER- Infants will reach for a toy in container A even if they see it placed
in container B (object permanence)
Differences between Watt governor and Computational governor - ANSWER- Dynamic
hypothesis (Watt governor) is a better metaphorical description of the way humans think than the
computational governor (Turing machine)
Computational governor is made up of distinct sub-systems
Watt governor does not involve representations and is not computational, sequential, or
decomposable
Watt governor works in real time, with adjustments being made instantaneously
Four important features of the Watt governor:
Dynamical system
Time-sensitivity
Coupling
