MODULE 2 (CHAPTERS 4 & 5)
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
It ddbegins ddto ddrain ddon dda ddwoman ddwho ddis ddwaiting ddat ddthe ddbus ddstop. ddShe
ddopens ddup ddher ddumbrella ddand ddit ddstops ddthe ddrain ddfrom ddfalling ddon ddher. ddAs
dda ddresult ddthe ddwoman ddis ddmore ddlikely ddto ddopen ddup ddher ddumbrella ddwhen ddit
ddis ddraining. dd- ddAnswer ddNegative ddReinforcement
John dddoes ddnot ddgo ddto ddthe dddentist ddevery dd6 ddmonths ddfor dda ddcheck-up.
ddInstead, ddhe ddwaited dduntil dda ddtooth ddreally ddhurt ddand ddthen ddwent ddto ddthe
dddentist. ddAfter dd2 ddemergency ddtrips ddto ddthe dddentist, ddJohn ddnow ddgoes ddto ddthe
dddentist ddevery dd6 ddmonths ddlike ddhe ddshould. dd- ddAnswer ddNegative
ddReinforcement
Police ddrandomly ddstop dddrivers ddand ddgive ddtickets ddto ddthose ddwho ddare ddnot
ddwearing ddtheir ddseat ddbelts. ddAs dda ddresult ddof ddthis ddnew ddprogram, ddselt ddbelt
dduse ddincrease ddin ddtown. dd- ddAnswer ddNegative ddReinforcement
A ddstudent ddjumps ddup ddand dddown, ddhand ddraised, ddyelling dd"me, ddme, ddcall ddme!"
dduntil ddthe ddteacher ddcalls ddon ddher. ddThe ddchild ddjumps ddup ddand dddown ddand
ddcalls ddout ddeven ddmore ddin ddthe ddfuture. dd- ddAnswer ddPositive ddReinforcement
Getting ddpaid dd$10 ddfor ddevery dd20 ddparty ddsubs ddmade ddwould ddbe ddthis ddschedule
ddof ddreinforcement: dd- ddAnswer ddFixed-Ratio
Studying ddfor dda ddclass ddthat ddhas ddpop ddquizzes ddwould ddbe ddthis ddschedule ddof
ddreinforcement: dd- ddAnswer ddVariable-Interval
_______ ddis ddto ddforgo ddimmediate ddpleasures ddin ddorder ddto ddearn ddmore
ddsatisfying ddconsequences ddover ddthe ddlong ddrun. dd- ddAnswer ddDelay ddgratification
Positive ddBehavior ddSupport dd(PBS) ddintends ddto dddo ddall ddof ddthe ddfollowing
ddEXCEPT: dd- ddAnswer ddUtilize ddpunishments ddbefore dda ddbehavior ddcan ddbe
ddexhibited.
, Token ddeconomy ddsystems ddtypically ddinclude ddall ddof ddthe ddfollowing ddelements
ddEXCEPT: dd- ddAnswer ddOnly ddone ddreinforcer ddto ddchoose ddfrom.
______ ddis dda ddprocess ddby ddwhich ddcomponent ddparts ddof ddsubject ddmatter ddare
ddidentified ddand ddsequenced, ddgoing ddfrom ddsimple ddto ddmore ddcomplex. dd-
ddAnswer ddTask ddanalysis
Myths ddand ddMisconceptions ddabout ddReinforcement ddand ddPunishment dd- ddAnswer
ddReinforcement ddis ddbribery
Reinforcement ddleads ddto dddependence ddon ddconcrete, ddexternal ddrewards ddfor
ddappropriate ddbehavior
Reinforcing ddone ddstudent ddfor ddbeing ddgood ddteaches ddother ddstudents ddto ddbe
ddbad
Punishment ddreduces ddself-esteem
Eliminating dda ddproblem ddbehavior dddoesn't ddeliminate ddthe ddunderlying ddcause ddof
ddthe ddbehavior; ddthus, ddother ddbehavioral ddmanifestations ddof ddthat ddunderlying
ddcause ddmay ddappear
Genuine ddConcerns ddabout ddReinforcement ddand ddPunishment dd- ddAnswer
ddEncouraging ddproductive ddbehaviors ddthrough ddreinforcement ddalone ddignores
ddcognitive ddfactors ddthat ddmight ddbe ddinterfering ddwith ddlearning
Reinforcement ddof ddsome ddbehaviors ddmay ddinterfere ddwith ddmaximal ddlearning ddand
ddperformance ddover ddthe ddlong ddrun
Extrinsic ddreinforcement ddof dda ddpersonally ddenjoyable ddbehavior ddcan ddundermine
ddthe ddbehavior's ddintrinsically ddreinforcing ddeffects
A ddpunished ddbehavior ddisn't ddforgotten ddand ddmay ddreturn
Punishment ddcan ddhave ddnegative ddside ddeffects
Improving ddbehavior ddin ddone ddcontext ddmay ddlead ddto ddmore ddfrequent ddbehavior
ddproblems ddin ddanother ddcontext
Using ddReinforcement ddto ddIncrease ddProductive ddBehaviors dd- ddAnswer ddSpecify
dddesired ddbehavior(s) ddup ddfront
Identify ddconsequences ddthat ddare ddtruly ddreinforcing ddfor ddeach ddlearner
Make ddsure ddthat ddlearners ddwill ddgain ddmore ddthan ddthey ddlose ddby ddchanging
ddtheir ddbehavior
Explicitly dddescribe ddresponse-consequence ddcontingencies
Administer ddreinforcement ddconsistently
Gradually ddshape ddcomplex ddbehaviors
When ddgiving ddreinforcement ddpublicly, ddmake ddsure ddall ddstudents ddhave ddan
ddopportunity ddto ddearn ddit
Use ddobjective ddcriteria ddto ddmonitor ddprogress
Foster ddthe ddability ddto dddelay ddgratification
Once ddthe ddterminal ddbehavior ddis ddoccurring ddregularly, ddgradually ddwean ddlearners
ddoff ddextrinsic ddreinforcers
terminal ddbehavior dd- ddAnswer ddthe ddend ddproduct ddof ddshaping
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
It ddbegins ddto ddrain ddon dda ddwoman ddwho ddis ddwaiting ddat ddthe ddbus ddstop. ddShe
ddopens ddup ddher ddumbrella ddand ddit ddstops ddthe ddrain ddfrom ddfalling ddon ddher. ddAs
dda ddresult ddthe ddwoman ddis ddmore ddlikely ddto ddopen ddup ddher ddumbrella ddwhen ddit
ddis ddraining. dd- ddAnswer ddNegative ddReinforcement
John dddoes ddnot ddgo ddto ddthe dddentist ddevery dd6 ddmonths ddfor dda ddcheck-up.
ddInstead, ddhe ddwaited dduntil dda ddtooth ddreally ddhurt ddand ddthen ddwent ddto ddthe
dddentist. ddAfter dd2 ddemergency ddtrips ddto ddthe dddentist, ddJohn ddnow ddgoes ddto ddthe
dddentist ddevery dd6 ddmonths ddlike ddhe ddshould. dd- ddAnswer ddNegative
ddReinforcement
Police ddrandomly ddstop dddrivers ddand ddgive ddtickets ddto ddthose ddwho ddare ddnot
ddwearing ddtheir ddseat ddbelts. ddAs dda ddresult ddof ddthis ddnew ddprogram, ddselt ddbelt
dduse ddincrease ddin ddtown. dd- ddAnswer ddNegative ddReinforcement
A ddstudent ddjumps ddup ddand dddown, ddhand ddraised, ddyelling dd"me, ddme, ddcall ddme!"
dduntil ddthe ddteacher ddcalls ddon ddher. ddThe ddchild ddjumps ddup ddand dddown ddand
ddcalls ddout ddeven ddmore ddin ddthe ddfuture. dd- ddAnswer ddPositive ddReinforcement
Getting ddpaid dd$10 ddfor ddevery dd20 ddparty ddsubs ddmade ddwould ddbe ddthis ddschedule
ddof ddreinforcement: dd- ddAnswer ddFixed-Ratio
Studying ddfor dda ddclass ddthat ddhas ddpop ddquizzes ddwould ddbe ddthis ddschedule ddof
ddreinforcement: dd- ddAnswer ddVariable-Interval
_______ ddis ddto ddforgo ddimmediate ddpleasures ddin ddorder ddto ddearn ddmore
ddsatisfying ddconsequences ddover ddthe ddlong ddrun. dd- ddAnswer ddDelay ddgratification
Positive ddBehavior ddSupport dd(PBS) ddintends ddto dddo ddall ddof ddthe ddfollowing
ddEXCEPT: dd- ddAnswer ddUtilize ddpunishments ddbefore dda ddbehavior ddcan ddbe
ddexhibited.
, Token ddeconomy ddsystems ddtypically ddinclude ddall ddof ddthe ddfollowing ddelements
ddEXCEPT: dd- ddAnswer ddOnly ddone ddreinforcer ddto ddchoose ddfrom.
______ ddis dda ddprocess ddby ddwhich ddcomponent ddparts ddof ddsubject ddmatter ddare
ddidentified ddand ddsequenced, ddgoing ddfrom ddsimple ddto ddmore ddcomplex. dd-
ddAnswer ddTask ddanalysis
Myths ddand ddMisconceptions ddabout ddReinforcement ddand ddPunishment dd- ddAnswer
ddReinforcement ddis ddbribery
Reinforcement ddleads ddto dddependence ddon ddconcrete, ddexternal ddrewards ddfor
ddappropriate ddbehavior
Reinforcing ddone ddstudent ddfor ddbeing ddgood ddteaches ddother ddstudents ddto ddbe
ddbad
Punishment ddreduces ddself-esteem
Eliminating dda ddproblem ddbehavior dddoesn't ddeliminate ddthe ddunderlying ddcause ddof
ddthe ddbehavior; ddthus, ddother ddbehavioral ddmanifestations ddof ddthat ddunderlying
ddcause ddmay ddappear
Genuine ddConcerns ddabout ddReinforcement ddand ddPunishment dd- ddAnswer
ddEncouraging ddproductive ddbehaviors ddthrough ddreinforcement ddalone ddignores
ddcognitive ddfactors ddthat ddmight ddbe ddinterfering ddwith ddlearning
Reinforcement ddof ddsome ddbehaviors ddmay ddinterfere ddwith ddmaximal ddlearning ddand
ddperformance ddover ddthe ddlong ddrun
Extrinsic ddreinforcement ddof dda ddpersonally ddenjoyable ddbehavior ddcan ddundermine
ddthe ddbehavior's ddintrinsically ddreinforcing ddeffects
A ddpunished ddbehavior ddisn't ddforgotten ddand ddmay ddreturn
Punishment ddcan ddhave ddnegative ddside ddeffects
Improving ddbehavior ddin ddone ddcontext ddmay ddlead ddto ddmore ddfrequent ddbehavior
ddproblems ddin ddanother ddcontext
Using ddReinforcement ddto ddIncrease ddProductive ddBehaviors dd- ddAnswer ddSpecify
dddesired ddbehavior(s) ddup ddfront
Identify ddconsequences ddthat ddare ddtruly ddreinforcing ddfor ddeach ddlearner
Make ddsure ddthat ddlearners ddwill ddgain ddmore ddthan ddthey ddlose ddby ddchanging
ddtheir ddbehavior
Explicitly dddescribe ddresponse-consequence ddcontingencies
Administer ddreinforcement ddconsistently
Gradually ddshape ddcomplex ddbehaviors
When ddgiving ddreinforcement ddpublicly, ddmake ddsure ddall ddstudents ddhave ddan
ddopportunity ddto ddearn ddit
Use ddobjective ddcriteria ddto ddmonitor ddprogress
Foster ddthe ddability ddto dddelay ddgratification
Once ddthe ddterminal ddbehavior ddis ddoccurring ddregularly, ddgradually ddwean ddlearners
ddoff ddextrinsic ddreinforcers
terminal ddbehavior dd- ddAnswer ddthe ddend ddproduct ddof ddshaping
