11/1/24, 1:54 AM WGU C787 Study Guide 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet
WGU C787 Study Guide 2021 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Carbs, lipids & proteins. Provides energy needed for growth, thermoregulation,
Marconutrients physical activity, pregnancy/lactation. Needed in larger amounts than
micronutrients.
Vitamins/minerals in small amts for good health/development. Play various
Micronutrients
roles in cell metabolism. Deficiencies cause widespread health problems.
Excess consumption. Increased risk for CAD, some cancers & type 2 diabetes. Puts
stress on knee/ankle joints. Is an energy imbalance, where energy intake exceeds
Obesity
energy
expenditure. Influenced by genetic/environmental factors.
Marasmus General deficiency of macronutrients. Also called protein-calorie malnutrition.
Primarily attributed to deficiency of dietary protein. s/sx include fatigue, irritability,
lethargy, poor growth, apathy, edema, decreased muscle mass, large belly, diarrhea,
Kwashiorkor
dermatitis,
change in hair, infections. Can lead to coma/death.
Restricted intake. Body weight @ or < 85% of normal. Intense fear of wt gain,
distorted perception of body wt. 3rd most common condition of adolescents.
Anorexianervosa Common co-
morbid conditions: OCD, depression, anxiety, social phobia. Can lead to decreased
micronutrient intake, which leads to death.
Binge eating f/b purging (vomiting or misuse of laxatives/diuretics). Can lead
Bulimia nervosa
to obesity.
Deficiency of Niacin (Vit B3). Characterized by "4 D's of Pellagra:" dermatitis,
Pellagra
diarrhea, dementia & death.
Early signs are bleeding gums/pinpoint hemorrhages under skin, rough scaly skin,
Vit C Deficiency (Scurvy)
hardening of arteries or massive bleeding can happen & lead to death.
Vit D Deficiency (Rickets) Bone formation impaired. Bow legged appearance.
Vit A Deficiency Leads to blindness. Even mild deficiency causes diarrhea & URIs
https://quizlet.com/608660346/wgu-c787-study-guide-2021-flash-cards/ 1/17
,11/1/24, 1:54 AM WGU C787 Study Guide 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet
Iron Deficiency ( Anemia)
Iodine Deficiency Leads to physical/mental developmental delays. Arboflavinosis lack of riboflavin.
Adequate calories, not enough protein. Often occurs in areas of famine, low food
Kwashiorkor vs Marasmus - Kwashiorkor supply, low education levels. Often tropical regions w/ diet high in starch/low in
protein. Early RX has+ results. Without RX, is fatal.
Means to "waste away." Is acute form of malnutrition. Deficiency of BOTH calories
AND protein. Most severe form of childhood malnutrition. Body fat stores used for
energy &
then muscle is broken down for body fuel. Person appears as skin/bones w/ lg eyes,
Kwashiorkor vs Marasmus - Marasmus
bald head,
aged/gaunt appearance. Once severe muscle wasting occurs, death is imminent.
Have below
norm body temp
Physical factors- poor appetite, poorly fitting dentures, affecting the ability to chew
foods, loss
of tase and smell, disability and disease e.g. stroke, cancer dysphagia and Parkinson's
Lifestyle factors- ability to maintain their nutritional intake may include reduced
income,
isolation and loneliness, religious and cultural beliefs, lack of food choices, e/g/
people
resident in care homes may have reduced variety menus, or the effects of reduced
mobility in
relation to shopping or preparing food
Psychological factors - confusion, depression, bereavement or dementia, which can
affect a
persons ability to desire to prepare food
Meds should be reviewed. Parkinson's drugs, co-beneldopa, may cause dry mouth
and alter
taste. Clopidogrel (for stroke or MI) can cause dyspepsia and diarrhea and irbestatrit
and anti-
htn may cause n/v/
Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool MUST
Treatments for malnutrition BMI - 18.5 RISK for malnuturtion
loss of 10% or more of normal body weight in 3-6mths is malnutrition risk
Acute illness resulting in no nuturaionl intak for more than 5 days
2 or > high risk of malnutrition
A "food first" approach is usually the first step towards tx or reventing malnutrition. -
high
nutritional value, add snacks, reducing portion size to encourage completion of
meals, may prescribe (ONS) oral nutritional supplments - ONS may be stopped
when the following
conditions apply
-DI is meeting requirements
-Wt has increase to target
BMI is within healthy range
condition has changed- eg. Swallowing condition recovers
0 no longer tolerat them due to taste fatigue
Key points: 1 in 4 addults affect by malnutrition on admission to hospital
screening should be completed upon initial contact and rescreening
Malnutritional mgt should look at with a "food first" approach
ONS should be prescribed to monitor its effectives and stop/ as required. Reg
monitoring.
https://quizlet.com/608660346/wgu-c787-study-guide-2021-flash-cards/ 2/17
, 11/1/24, 1:54 AM WGU C787 Study Guide 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet
DRI replaced RDA's. DRI's are specified on age, gender, and life stage, and cover
more than 40
nutrient substances. They rely on best scientific evidence. Overtime and vary on
cycle stage or
gender. The Reference values for ht/wt are from NHANES III. DRI"s differ from the
original
RDA's in that they incorporate in the concpets of disease prevention, Upper level of
What changes were made when DRIs were
intake and
established in the late 1990s?
potential toxcicity, in non traditiaonl nutrients. More relationships of phytochemicals,
herbals,
botanicsl and helath these 2 can incorporate into the recommendations. DRI's are a
set of at
least for nutrient based reference values these are est av require. (EAR) upper intake
level (UL)
adequate intake (AI) and RDA.
Set of at least for nutrient based reference values these are estimated average
DRI
requirements.
Upper intake level- highest level of continued daily nutrient intake that is unlikely to
UL
pose an adverse health effect.
Estimated average requirement- median intake to meet requirements. Not all
EAR
nutrients have ERA. The ERA is used to calculate the RDA.
ERA + 2 std deviation of the requirement. If there is not ERA there can no RDA, unless
RDA there is the case an AI is provided. It is important to see the RDA or AI without
exceeding the UL
Adequate intake can be used as a guide for intake but not used for all applications a
AI EAR is
used for
What is the DASH diet and what level of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH)
sodium has been shown to reduce high Reduce sodium intake below the current recommendation of 100 mmol/day and the
blood DASH
pressure? diet lowered BP.
Make half your plate fruit and veggies
Focus on whole fruits
Vary your veggies
Make half your grains whole grains
MyPlate tips
Move to low-fat and fat-free milk or yogurt
Vary your protein routine
Drink and eat less sodium, saturated fat, and
added sugars
What recommendations would you make to To prevent neural tube defects
a pregnant patient regarding folate and
why?
https://quizlet.com/608660346/wgu-c787-study-guide-2021-flash-cards/ 3/17
WGU C787 Study Guide 2021 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Carbs, lipids & proteins. Provides energy needed for growth, thermoregulation,
Marconutrients physical activity, pregnancy/lactation. Needed in larger amounts than
micronutrients.
Vitamins/minerals in small amts for good health/development. Play various
Micronutrients
roles in cell metabolism. Deficiencies cause widespread health problems.
Excess consumption. Increased risk for CAD, some cancers & type 2 diabetes. Puts
stress on knee/ankle joints. Is an energy imbalance, where energy intake exceeds
Obesity
energy
expenditure. Influenced by genetic/environmental factors.
Marasmus General deficiency of macronutrients. Also called protein-calorie malnutrition.
Primarily attributed to deficiency of dietary protein. s/sx include fatigue, irritability,
lethargy, poor growth, apathy, edema, decreased muscle mass, large belly, diarrhea,
Kwashiorkor
dermatitis,
change in hair, infections. Can lead to coma/death.
Restricted intake. Body weight @ or < 85% of normal. Intense fear of wt gain,
distorted perception of body wt. 3rd most common condition of adolescents.
Anorexianervosa Common co-
morbid conditions: OCD, depression, anxiety, social phobia. Can lead to decreased
micronutrient intake, which leads to death.
Binge eating f/b purging (vomiting or misuse of laxatives/diuretics). Can lead
Bulimia nervosa
to obesity.
Deficiency of Niacin (Vit B3). Characterized by "4 D's of Pellagra:" dermatitis,
Pellagra
diarrhea, dementia & death.
Early signs are bleeding gums/pinpoint hemorrhages under skin, rough scaly skin,
Vit C Deficiency (Scurvy)
hardening of arteries or massive bleeding can happen & lead to death.
Vit D Deficiency (Rickets) Bone formation impaired. Bow legged appearance.
Vit A Deficiency Leads to blindness. Even mild deficiency causes diarrhea & URIs
https://quizlet.com/608660346/wgu-c787-study-guide-2021-flash-cards/ 1/17
,11/1/24, 1:54 AM WGU C787 Study Guide 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet
Iron Deficiency ( Anemia)
Iodine Deficiency Leads to physical/mental developmental delays. Arboflavinosis lack of riboflavin.
Adequate calories, not enough protein. Often occurs in areas of famine, low food
Kwashiorkor vs Marasmus - Kwashiorkor supply, low education levels. Often tropical regions w/ diet high in starch/low in
protein. Early RX has+ results. Without RX, is fatal.
Means to "waste away." Is acute form of malnutrition. Deficiency of BOTH calories
AND protein. Most severe form of childhood malnutrition. Body fat stores used for
energy &
then muscle is broken down for body fuel. Person appears as skin/bones w/ lg eyes,
Kwashiorkor vs Marasmus - Marasmus
bald head,
aged/gaunt appearance. Once severe muscle wasting occurs, death is imminent.
Have below
norm body temp
Physical factors- poor appetite, poorly fitting dentures, affecting the ability to chew
foods, loss
of tase and smell, disability and disease e.g. stroke, cancer dysphagia and Parkinson's
Lifestyle factors- ability to maintain their nutritional intake may include reduced
income,
isolation and loneliness, religious and cultural beliefs, lack of food choices, e/g/
people
resident in care homes may have reduced variety menus, or the effects of reduced
mobility in
relation to shopping or preparing food
Psychological factors - confusion, depression, bereavement or dementia, which can
affect a
persons ability to desire to prepare food
Meds should be reviewed. Parkinson's drugs, co-beneldopa, may cause dry mouth
and alter
taste. Clopidogrel (for stroke or MI) can cause dyspepsia and diarrhea and irbestatrit
and anti-
htn may cause n/v/
Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool MUST
Treatments for malnutrition BMI - 18.5 RISK for malnuturtion
loss of 10% or more of normal body weight in 3-6mths is malnutrition risk
Acute illness resulting in no nuturaionl intak for more than 5 days
2 or > high risk of malnutrition
A "food first" approach is usually the first step towards tx or reventing malnutrition. -
high
nutritional value, add snacks, reducing portion size to encourage completion of
meals, may prescribe (ONS) oral nutritional supplments - ONS may be stopped
when the following
conditions apply
-DI is meeting requirements
-Wt has increase to target
BMI is within healthy range
condition has changed- eg. Swallowing condition recovers
0 no longer tolerat them due to taste fatigue
Key points: 1 in 4 addults affect by malnutrition on admission to hospital
screening should be completed upon initial contact and rescreening
Malnutritional mgt should look at with a "food first" approach
ONS should be prescribed to monitor its effectives and stop/ as required. Reg
monitoring.
https://quizlet.com/608660346/wgu-c787-study-guide-2021-flash-cards/ 2/17
, 11/1/24, 1:54 AM WGU C787 Study Guide 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet
DRI replaced RDA's. DRI's are specified on age, gender, and life stage, and cover
more than 40
nutrient substances. They rely on best scientific evidence. Overtime and vary on
cycle stage or
gender. The Reference values for ht/wt are from NHANES III. DRI"s differ from the
original
RDA's in that they incorporate in the concpets of disease prevention, Upper level of
What changes were made when DRIs were
intake and
established in the late 1990s?
potential toxcicity, in non traditiaonl nutrients. More relationships of phytochemicals,
herbals,
botanicsl and helath these 2 can incorporate into the recommendations. DRI's are a
set of at
least for nutrient based reference values these are est av require. (EAR) upper intake
level (UL)
adequate intake (AI) and RDA.
Set of at least for nutrient based reference values these are estimated average
DRI
requirements.
Upper intake level- highest level of continued daily nutrient intake that is unlikely to
UL
pose an adverse health effect.
Estimated average requirement- median intake to meet requirements. Not all
EAR
nutrients have ERA. The ERA is used to calculate the RDA.
ERA + 2 std deviation of the requirement. If there is not ERA there can no RDA, unless
RDA there is the case an AI is provided. It is important to see the RDA or AI without
exceeding the UL
Adequate intake can be used as a guide for intake but not used for all applications a
AI EAR is
used for
What is the DASH diet and what level of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH)
sodium has been shown to reduce high Reduce sodium intake below the current recommendation of 100 mmol/day and the
blood DASH
pressure? diet lowered BP.
Make half your plate fruit and veggies
Focus on whole fruits
Vary your veggies
Make half your grains whole grains
MyPlate tips
Move to low-fat and fat-free milk or yogurt
Vary your protein routine
Drink and eat less sodium, saturated fat, and
added sugars
What recommendations would you make to To prevent neural tube defects
a pregnant patient regarding folate and
why?
https://quizlet.com/608660346/wgu-c787-study-guide-2021-flash-cards/ 3/17
