Sadock chapter 2 Exam
Questions and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Sensorimotor - Answer: - Age 0-1.5 (to 2)
Preoperations subperiod - Answer: - Age 2-7
Concrete operations - Answer: - Age 7-11
Formal operations - Answer: - Age 11- end of adolescents
Sensorimotor - Answer: - Cognitive developmental characteristics
Inborn motor and sensory reflexes
Primary circular reaction
Secondary circular reaction
Use of familiar means to obtain ends
Tertiary circular reactions and discovery through active experimentation
Insight and object permanence
Preoperations subperiod - Answer: - Cog dev characterisitcs: Deferred imitation, symbolic play, graphic
imagery (drawing), mental imagery, and language
Concrete Operations - Answer: - Cog dev charac: Conservation of quantity, weight, volume, length, and
time based on reversibility by inversion or reciprocity; operations; class inclusions and seriation
, Formal Operation - Answer: - Cog develop charac: Combinatorial system, whereby variables are isolated
and all possible combinations are examined; hypotheticodeductive thinking
Sensorimotor - Answer: - Infants begin to learn through sensory observation, and they gain control of
their motor functions through activity, exploration, and manipulation of the environment. Ex: infants are
born with sucking reflex, but a type of learning occurs when infants discover the location of the nipple
and alter the shape of their mouths.
Object permanence - Answer: - The child's ability to understand that objects have existence
independent of the child's involvement with them.
Symbolization - Answer: - Occurs at about 18 months, infants begin to develop mental symbols and to
use words.
- Ex: Infants are able to create a visual image of a ball or a mental symbol of the word ball to stand for,
or signify, the real object.
Phenomenalistic Causality - Answer: - A type of magical thinking, in which events that occur together are
thought to cause one another.
- Ex: thunder causes lightening
Animistic thinking - Answer: - The tendency to endow physical events and objects with life-like
psychological attributes, such as feelings and intentions.
Operational thought - Answer: - Replaces egocentric thought in the concrete operations, and it involves
dealing with a wide array of information outside the child. Children can now see things from someone
else's perspective.
Syllogistic reasoning - Answer: - A logical conclusion is formed from 2 premises, appears during the
concrete operations.
- Ex: All horses are mammals (premise), all mammals are warm blooded (premise), therefore all horses
are warm blooded.
Conservation - Answer: - The ability to recognize that, although the shape of objects may change, the
objects still maintain or conserve other characteristics that enable them to be recognized as the same.
Questions and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Sensorimotor - Answer: - Age 0-1.5 (to 2)
Preoperations subperiod - Answer: - Age 2-7
Concrete operations - Answer: - Age 7-11
Formal operations - Answer: - Age 11- end of adolescents
Sensorimotor - Answer: - Cognitive developmental characteristics
Inborn motor and sensory reflexes
Primary circular reaction
Secondary circular reaction
Use of familiar means to obtain ends
Tertiary circular reactions and discovery through active experimentation
Insight and object permanence
Preoperations subperiod - Answer: - Cog dev characterisitcs: Deferred imitation, symbolic play, graphic
imagery (drawing), mental imagery, and language
Concrete Operations - Answer: - Cog dev charac: Conservation of quantity, weight, volume, length, and
time based on reversibility by inversion or reciprocity; operations; class inclusions and seriation
, Formal Operation - Answer: - Cog develop charac: Combinatorial system, whereby variables are isolated
and all possible combinations are examined; hypotheticodeductive thinking
Sensorimotor - Answer: - Infants begin to learn through sensory observation, and they gain control of
their motor functions through activity, exploration, and manipulation of the environment. Ex: infants are
born with sucking reflex, but a type of learning occurs when infants discover the location of the nipple
and alter the shape of their mouths.
Object permanence - Answer: - The child's ability to understand that objects have existence
independent of the child's involvement with them.
Symbolization - Answer: - Occurs at about 18 months, infants begin to develop mental symbols and to
use words.
- Ex: Infants are able to create a visual image of a ball or a mental symbol of the word ball to stand for,
or signify, the real object.
Phenomenalistic Causality - Answer: - A type of magical thinking, in which events that occur together are
thought to cause one another.
- Ex: thunder causes lightening
Animistic thinking - Answer: - The tendency to endow physical events and objects with life-like
psychological attributes, such as feelings and intentions.
Operational thought - Answer: - Replaces egocentric thought in the concrete operations, and it involves
dealing with a wide array of information outside the child. Children can now see things from someone
else's perspective.
Syllogistic reasoning - Answer: - A logical conclusion is formed from 2 premises, appears during the
concrete operations.
- Ex: All horses are mammals (premise), all mammals are warm blooded (premise), therefore all horses
are warm blooded.
Conservation - Answer: - The ability to recognize that, although the shape of objects may change, the
objects still maintain or conserve other characteristics that enable them to be recognized as the same.
