1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Urinalysis Body Fluids Midterm Exam
- Questions and Answers (100%
Pass)
List major organic chemical constituents of urine.
✓ Urea (1/2 of dissolved solids) and creatinine
List three major inorganic chemical constituents of urine.
✓ chloride, sodium, and potassium
What determines whether a questionable fluid is urine.
✓ presence of Urea and creatinine
Recognize normal daily urine volumes.
✓ Average daily urine output of 1200 mL
✓ Usual daily volume = 1200 to 1500 mL
✓ Normal range = 600 to 2000 mL
Describe the correct methodology for labeling urine specimens.
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
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✓ Information on label
✓ Patient's name, ID number, date, time
✓ Additional information: age, location, health-care provider's name
✓ Place label on container, not lid
✓ Requisition form
State possible reasons why a laboratory would reject a urine specimen.
✓ -Specimens in unlabeled containers
✓ -Nonmatching labels and requisition forms
✓ -Specimens contaminated with feces or toilet paper
✓ -Containers with contaminated exteriors
✓ -Specimens of insufficient quantity
✓ -Specimens that have been improperly transported
List changes that may take place in a urine specimen that remains at room
temperature for more than 2 hours.
✓ Increased: color, turbidity, pH, nitrite, bacteria, odor
✓ Decreased: glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, RBCs, WBCs, casts
Discuss the actions of bacteria on an unpreserved urine specimen.
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ Most problems are caused by bacterial multiplication:
✓ Decrease in clarity, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, mood
cells, trichomonas
✓ Increase in odor, pH, nitrile, bacteria
Methods for preserving urine specimens
✓ -Routine is refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C
✓ -Ideal chemical preservative is bactericidal: inhibits urease and
preserves formed elements
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: random
✓ -Most common type received
✓ -Routine screening for obvious abnormalities
✓ -May be collected at any time
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: first morning
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ -Ideal screening specimen
✓ -More concentrated than a random specimen
✓ -Use for orthostatic protein confirmation and urine pregnancy tests
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: fasting specimen
✓ -Actually is second specimen voided, collected after the first morning
specimen
✓ -Recommended for glucose monitoring
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: 24-h timed
✓ -Carefully timed specimen will produce accurate quantitative results
✓ -The patient must remain adequately hydrated during short collection
period
✓ -Good for diurnal variation solutes
✓ -Accurate timing is critical for accurate results
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: 2 hour postprandial
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
Urinalysis Body Fluids Midterm Exam
- Questions and Answers (100%
Pass)
List major organic chemical constituents of urine.
✓ Urea (1/2 of dissolved solids) and creatinine
List three major inorganic chemical constituents of urine.
✓ chloride, sodium, and potassium
What determines whether a questionable fluid is urine.
✓ presence of Urea and creatinine
Recognize normal daily urine volumes.
✓ Average daily urine output of 1200 mL
✓ Usual daily volume = 1200 to 1500 mL
✓ Normal range = 600 to 2000 mL
Describe the correct methodology for labeling urine specimens.
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ Information on label
✓ Patient's name, ID number, date, time
✓ Additional information: age, location, health-care provider's name
✓ Place label on container, not lid
✓ Requisition form
State possible reasons why a laboratory would reject a urine specimen.
✓ -Specimens in unlabeled containers
✓ -Nonmatching labels and requisition forms
✓ -Specimens contaminated with feces or toilet paper
✓ -Containers with contaminated exteriors
✓ -Specimens of insufficient quantity
✓ -Specimens that have been improperly transported
List changes that may take place in a urine specimen that remains at room
temperature for more than 2 hours.
✓ Increased: color, turbidity, pH, nitrite, bacteria, odor
✓ Decreased: glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, RBCs, WBCs, casts
Discuss the actions of bacteria on an unpreserved urine specimen.
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ Most problems are caused by bacterial multiplication:
✓ Decrease in clarity, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, mood
cells, trichomonas
✓ Increase in odor, pH, nitrile, bacteria
Methods for preserving urine specimens
✓ -Routine is refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C
✓ -Ideal chemical preservative is bactericidal: inhibits urease and
preserves formed elements
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: random
✓ -Most common type received
✓ -Routine screening for obvious abnormalities
✓ -May be collected at any time
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: first morning
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1|Page | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ -Ideal screening specimen
✓ -More concentrated than a random specimen
✓ -Use for orthostatic protein confirmation and urine pregnancy tests
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: fasting specimen
✓ -Actually is second specimen voided, collected after the first morning
specimen
✓ -Recommended for glucose monitoring
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: 24-h timed
✓ -Carefully timed specimen will produce accurate quantitative results
✓ -The patient must remain adequately hydrated during short collection
period
✓ -Good for diurnal variation solutes
✓ -Accurate timing is critical for accurate results
Instruct a patient in the correct procedure for collecting the following
specimens: 2 hour postprandial
Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update
