Medical Bacteriology Exam 1 UNT Dr.
Kim correctly answered to pass
Selective Toxicity - correct answer ✔✔Targets bacterium and not host cells.
B-lactamase - correct answer ✔✔enzymes produced by bacteria to inactivating b-lactam antibiotics.
Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) - correct answer ✔✔Site where penicillin must bind in order to inhibit
transpeptidation.
MRSA - correct answer ✔✔Methycillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus
Autolysin - correct answer ✔✔Suicidal particles that absorb the antibiotics without killing the bacterium.
Porins - correct answer ✔✔Proteins on the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria that allow the
entry of antibiotics.
Plasmids - correct answer ✔✔Small circular piece of DNA in the cytoplasm of the bacterium and are
separate from the chromosomes.
Trasposon - correct answer ✔✔Hopping gene.
Synergism - correct answer ✔✔The effectiveness of the drugs together is greater than that of their drug
alone.
Antagonism - correct answer ✔✔The action of one drug reduces the effectiveness of the other.
Indifference - correct answer ✔✔Each drugs works no better and no worse alone or in combination.
, Supergerms - correct answer ✔✔Microorganisms resistant to a large number of antimicrobial agents.
Eesmdo - correct answer ✔✔ENCOUNTER: First encounter happens at birth. The placenta is
impermeable to all organism except Rubella, Cytomegalo, HIV Treponema pallidum, Listeria.
eEsmdo - correct answer ✔✔ENTRY: The agent enters the host. Ingress is entry without penetration
through the tissues. (inhalation, UTI) Penetration is entry through the epithelial barrier (bug bite)
eeSmdo - correct answer ✔✔SPREAD: The agent spreads from the site of entry. Lateral propagation
(localized), Dissemination (distant sites)
eesMdo - correct answer ✔✔MULTIPLICATION: The agent multiplies in the host. The number of bacteria
inhaled or ingested is usually too small to cause infection, therefore it must take the time to multiply in
order to cause disease. Clostridium botulinum is an exception.
eesmDo - correct answer ✔✔DAMAGE: Tissue damage occurs. The host response and the bacterium
may be the cause of damage.
eesmdO - correct answer ✔✔OUTCOME: The agent wins or the host wins or they learn to coexist.
Explain "feast or famine" - correct answer ✔✔EX: a bacterium that lives in the Large intestine. every so
often the ileocecal valve open and nutrient rich content quirt from the small intestine into the cecum.
The bacterium rapidly consumes the nutrients, but shortly after the bacteria are once again deprived of
food. 2 minutes of feast and 70 minutes of famine.
How do sulfa drugs kill only bacteria and not harm humans? - correct answer ✔✔Bacteria synthesize
their own folic acid. Sulfa drugs inhibit this synthesis and this doesn't harm human cells because we get
folic acid from our diet.
List the 5 modes of action of antibiotics - correct answer ✔✔1. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
2. Inhibition of protein synthesis
3. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
4. Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
Kim correctly answered to pass
Selective Toxicity - correct answer ✔✔Targets bacterium and not host cells.
B-lactamase - correct answer ✔✔enzymes produced by bacteria to inactivating b-lactam antibiotics.
Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) - correct answer ✔✔Site where penicillin must bind in order to inhibit
transpeptidation.
MRSA - correct answer ✔✔Methycillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus
Autolysin - correct answer ✔✔Suicidal particles that absorb the antibiotics without killing the bacterium.
Porins - correct answer ✔✔Proteins on the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria that allow the
entry of antibiotics.
Plasmids - correct answer ✔✔Small circular piece of DNA in the cytoplasm of the bacterium and are
separate from the chromosomes.
Trasposon - correct answer ✔✔Hopping gene.
Synergism - correct answer ✔✔The effectiveness of the drugs together is greater than that of their drug
alone.
Antagonism - correct answer ✔✔The action of one drug reduces the effectiveness of the other.
Indifference - correct answer ✔✔Each drugs works no better and no worse alone or in combination.
, Supergerms - correct answer ✔✔Microorganisms resistant to a large number of antimicrobial agents.
Eesmdo - correct answer ✔✔ENCOUNTER: First encounter happens at birth. The placenta is
impermeable to all organism except Rubella, Cytomegalo, HIV Treponema pallidum, Listeria.
eEsmdo - correct answer ✔✔ENTRY: The agent enters the host. Ingress is entry without penetration
through the tissues. (inhalation, UTI) Penetration is entry through the epithelial barrier (bug bite)
eeSmdo - correct answer ✔✔SPREAD: The agent spreads from the site of entry. Lateral propagation
(localized), Dissemination (distant sites)
eesMdo - correct answer ✔✔MULTIPLICATION: The agent multiplies in the host. The number of bacteria
inhaled or ingested is usually too small to cause infection, therefore it must take the time to multiply in
order to cause disease. Clostridium botulinum is an exception.
eesmDo - correct answer ✔✔DAMAGE: Tissue damage occurs. The host response and the bacterium
may be the cause of damage.
eesmdO - correct answer ✔✔OUTCOME: The agent wins or the host wins or they learn to coexist.
Explain "feast or famine" - correct answer ✔✔EX: a bacterium that lives in the Large intestine. every so
often the ileocecal valve open and nutrient rich content quirt from the small intestine into the cecum.
The bacterium rapidly consumes the nutrients, but shortly after the bacteria are once again deprived of
food. 2 minutes of feast and 70 minutes of famine.
How do sulfa drugs kill only bacteria and not harm humans? - correct answer ✔✔Bacteria synthesize
their own folic acid. Sulfa drugs inhibit this synthesis and this doesn't harm human cells because we get
folic acid from our diet.
List the 5 modes of action of antibiotics - correct answer ✔✔1. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
2. Inhibition of protein synthesis
3. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
4. Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
