ECPI BIO118 CH 23-24 WRITTEN EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Polygenic traits - answer-determined by more than one gene (height, skin color, hair
color)
Human genome project - answer-project to sequence human genome to map human
genes and identify diseases
Different types of development - answer-embryological(first 2 months), fetal(week 9-
birth), prenatal(before birth), postnatal(after birth)
Changes in mother during pregnancy - answer-respiratory rate and tidal volume
increase, blood volume increases, nutrients climb 10-30%, glomerular filtration rate
increases 50%, uterus gets bigger, mammary glands get bigger
Stages of labor - answer-position(head down), dilation(cervix dilates), expulsion(baby
pushed out), placental(ejection of placenta)
Types of multiple births - answer-dizygotic twins(fraternal/different dna),
monozygotic(identical/same dna), conjoined twins(siamese/share organ)
Stages of postnatal development - answer-neonatal period, infancy, childhood,
adolescence, adulthood, senescence, dying
Senescence - answer-process of growing old (body less able to cope with demands,
immune system weakens, sensory functions decline)
Neonatal development - answer-first breath is powerful to expand collapsed lungs,
newborn primary energy source=stored fats and colostrum
Autosome - answer-pair 1-22, determine traits(non-gender)
Sex chromosome - answer-23 pair; xx female, xy male, determines gender
Homozygous - answer-2 identical alleles (tt, tt)
Heterozygous - answer-2 different alleles (tt)
Punnett square - answer-predicts probabilities of genotypes (immediate offspring)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Polygenic traits - answer-determined by more than one gene (height, skin color, hair
color)
Human genome project - answer-project to sequence human genome to map human
genes and identify diseases
Different types of development - answer-embryological(first 2 months), fetal(week 9-
birth), prenatal(before birth), postnatal(after birth)
Changes in mother during pregnancy - answer-respiratory rate and tidal volume
increase, blood volume increases, nutrients climb 10-30%, glomerular filtration rate
increases 50%, uterus gets bigger, mammary glands get bigger
Stages of labor - answer-position(head down), dilation(cervix dilates), expulsion(baby
pushed out), placental(ejection of placenta)
Types of multiple births - answer-dizygotic twins(fraternal/different dna),
monozygotic(identical/same dna), conjoined twins(siamese/share organ)
Stages of postnatal development - answer-neonatal period, infancy, childhood,
adolescence, adulthood, senescence, dying
Senescence - answer-process of growing old (body less able to cope with demands,
immune system weakens, sensory functions decline)
Neonatal development - answer-first breath is powerful to expand collapsed lungs,
newborn primary energy source=stored fats and colostrum
Autosome - answer-pair 1-22, determine traits(non-gender)
Sex chromosome - answer-23 pair; xx female, xy male, determines gender
Homozygous - answer-2 identical alleles (tt, tt)
Heterozygous - answer-2 different alleles (tt)
Punnett square - answer-predicts probabilities of genotypes (immediate offspring)
