TECHNOLOGIST IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, MB(ASCP) BOARD EXAM () WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

TECHNOLOGIST IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,
MB(ASCP) BOARD EXAM (2024-2025) WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS

Southern Blot steps - <<<aNSWERS>>>1. RE digest to
fragment DNA
2. Run on gel to separate
3. Soak gel in alkali/NaOH to denature dsDNA
4. Transfer ssDNA fragments to positively charged membrane
(blot)
5. Fix to filter by heat (80C) or UV crosslink
6. Incubate (hybridize) blot w/ radioactively labeled ssDNA
comp probe
7. Autoradiograph
Warfarin (Coumadin) - <<<aNSWERS>>>Anticoagulant,
prevents thrombosis thromboembolism
VCORC1:
-Group 1: fast metabolizers/high dose
-Group 2: slow metabolizers/low dose
CYP2C9: SNPs cause slow metabolism/low dose


Clopidogrel (Plavix) - <<<aNSWERS>>>Antiplatelet agent
Activated by CYP2C19
CYP2C19 poor metabolizers at high risk of treatment failure,
death, heart attack, and stroke

, TECHNOLOGIST IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,
MB(ASCP) BOARD EXAM (2024-2025) WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Carbemazepine (Tegretol) - <<<aNSWERS>>>Treat bipolar
disorder, seizures, neuropathic pain
Dangerous/fatel skin rxns w/ HLA alleles:
HLA-B*1502
HLA-B58


Qβ replicase - <<<aNSWERS>>>Probe amplification
Target (ssDNA/RNA) and to tube w/ reporter probe (has QB
reporter
Target:reporter hyb to capture probes > complex is hyb to
capture probe with magnetic bead > complex is bound to well
and washed
Target:reporter released > QBpol is added > probe is
amplified and detected via colorimetric or flurogenic methods
Detects: mycobacteria, Chlamydia, HIV, CMV


Burkitt's lymphoma - <<<aNSWERS>>>t(8;14)(q24;q32), c-
myc;IgH
t causes c-myc to be constitutively expressed > unregulated
proliferation (clonal B cell expansion)


Follicular lymphoma - <<<aNSWERS>>>t(14;18), IgH;Bcl-2
WT Bcl2 regulates apoptosis

, TECHNOLOGIST IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,
MB(ASCP) BOARD EXAM (2024-2025) WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
t causes overexpression of Bcl2 > immortal cell (clonal B cell
expansion)
Most common indolent N.H.L.
Dx: PCR w/ primers for MBR/MCR & J regions


Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) -
<<<aNSWERS>>>t(11;14)(q13;q32), Cyclin D1;IgH
Cyclin D1: needed for cell cycle
t causes overexpression of cyclin D1 > clonal expansion of B
lymphocytes
Dx: FISH, CT/PET scan for high glucose metabolism spots


Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) -
<<<aNSWERS>>>t(12;21) TEL-AML1 fusion
t(9;22)(q34;q11) BCR-ABL fusion (Philly chr)
Abl is a Tyr kinase; t causes Abl to be constitutively
expressed > unregulated lymphoblast proliferation
Common in children
Dx: karyotyping, IHC, S.blot, RT-PCR, q-PCR
Treatment: Imatinib (Gleevec), Tyr kinase inhibitor


Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
Promyelocytic (APL) - <<<aNSWERS>>>t(8;21)
RUNX1/RUNX1T1

, TECHNOLOGIST IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY,
MB(ASCP) BOARD EXAM (2024-2025) WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Common in adults; myeloblasts 'freeze' in current state (don't
differentiate) & proliferates forming a clonal population
Dx: Flow cytometry, FISH
Treatment: Chemo., BM transplant
APL
t(15;17) PML;RARα, Promyelocytic leukemia
protein;Retinoic acid receptor alpha


Chronic myelogenous leukemias (CMLs) -
<<<aNSWERS>>>t(9;22) Abl;Bcr (Philly chr)
BCR-ABL constitutively active > activates Jak/Stat; inhibits
apoptosis > unregulated proliferation of myeloid cells
Clonal expansion of myeloid cells in BM
Dx:Karyotype, FISH, RT-PCR
Treatment: Imatinib (Gleevec)


Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) -
<<<aNSWERS>>>del(17)(p913) TP53
del(11)(q22) ATM
del(13q) long arm
clonal b-call malignancy, progressive accumulation of mature
lymphocytes
Most common leukemia
Dx: Flow cytometry; 'basket' or 'smudge' lymphocytes