Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Exam
Questions with Correct Answers
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Answer-neurodevelopmental conditions diagnosed
on the basis of a dyad of behavioural impairments: impaired social-communication,
alongside unusually narrow and repetitive interests and activities.
signs and syptoms at any age - Answer-Social challenges
Avoidance of eye contact
Persistent preference for solitude
Difficulty understanding other people's feelings
Echolalia
pronoun reversal and out of context words
Resistance to minor changes in routine or surroundings
Restricted interests (fixation on a subject)
Repetitive behaviors (flapping, rocking, spinning, etc.)
Unusual and intense reaction to sounds, smells, tastes, textures, lights, colors
signs of ASD 3-4 mos - Answer-Few or no big smiles or other warm, joyful and
engaging expressions.
No interest in hands or feed (lack of self-awareness)
signs of ASD 7 mos - Answer-Few or no big smiles or other warm, joyful and engaging
expressions.
No interest in hands or feed (lack of self-awareness)
signs of ASD 12 ms - Answer-Little or no babbling
Little or no back-and-forth gestures such as pointing, showing, reaching or waving
Little or no response to name.
signs of ASD by 3 yrs - Answer-Not wanting to play with toys or even other children
Can't speak even in short phrases
failure of language burst may loose language skills
signs of ASD by 4 or 5 yrs - Answer-Concern should be if the child is extremely shy,
withdrawn or very aggressive
Risk factors for Autism - Answer-Advanced parental age (either parent)
Pregnancy and birth complications
Pregnancies spaced less than one year apart
Siblings or parents with ASD
Chromosomal conditions such as Fragile X syndrome, Tuberous Sclerosis, or Down
Syndrome
Harmful drugs taken during pregnancy (ie. valproic acid and thalidomide)
, Decreased risk of ASD - Answer-Prenatal vitamins containing folic acid, before and at
conception and through pregnancy
Do vaccinations cause autism? - Answer-Some believe the MMR vaccine causes the
onset of autism. There is no scientific evidence that any vaccine causes autism.
What does exist is the correlation in time between when children are immunized and
when they are diagnosed with autism.
The onset of autism in a child is likely to occur before developmental delays or
behaviors emerge, quite possibly before the child is born.
MMR vaccine - Answer-vaccination to protect against mumps, measles and rubella
prognosis - Answer-Early intervention and high quality care may reduce signs and
symptoms of ASD
Many people with ASD work successfully and live independently
Symptoms may become milder as the child gets older
Core problems with social communication generally remain
Co-existing conditions - Answer-Intellectual Disability (ID)
epilepsy
sleep apnea
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Anxiety disorders
Depression
Sensory processing disorders
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders
Affected body functions, systems, structures - Answer-Gastrointestinal (GI tract) - Food
allergy & sensitivity
Endocrine
Immune System
Central Nervous system; Differences in brain structures
Dyspraxia
hypotonia
Apraxia
Dyspraxia - Answer-motor planning problems including initiation, organization, and
performance of movements
Apraxia - Answer-is a motor speech disorder that makes it hard for children to speak
Brain structures affected - Answer-Cerebellum is typically smaller
Amygdala typically larger
Questions with Correct Answers
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Answer-neurodevelopmental conditions diagnosed
on the basis of a dyad of behavioural impairments: impaired social-communication,
alongside unusually narrow and repetitive interests and activities.
signs and syptoms at any age - Answer-Social challenges
Avoidance of eye contact
Persistent preference for solitude
Difficulty understanding other people's feelings
Echolalia
pronoun reversal and out of context words
Resistance to minor changes in routine or surroundings
Restricted interests (fixation on a subject)
Repetitive behaviors (flapping, rocking, spinning, etc.)
Unusual and intense reaction to sounds, smells, tastes, textures, lights, colors
signs of ASD 3-4 mos - Answer-Few or no big smiles or other warm, joyful and
engaging expressions.
No interest in hands or feed (lack of self-awareness)
signs of ASD 7 mos - Answer-Few or no big smiles or other warm, joyful and engaging
expressions.
No interest in hands or feed (lack of self-awareness)
signs of ASD 12 ms - Answer-Little or no babbling
Little or no back-and-forth gestures such as pointing, showing, reaching or waving
Little or no response to name.
signs of ASD by 3 yrs - Answer-Not wanting to play with toys or even other children
Can't speak even in short phrases
failure of language burst may loose language skills
signs of ASD by 4 or 5 yrs - Answer-Concern should be if the child is extremely shy,
withdrawn or very aggressive
Risk factors for Autism - Answer-Advanced parental age (either parent)
Pregnancy and birth complications
Pregnancies spaced less than one year apart
Siblings or parents with ASD
Chromosomal conditions such as Fragile X syndrome, Tuberous Sclerosis, or Down
Syndrome
Harmful drugs taken during pregnancy (ie. valproic acid and thalidomide)
, Decreased risk of ASD - Answer-Prenatal vitamins containing folic acid, before and at
conception and through pregnancy
Do vaccinations cause autism? - Answer-Some believe the MMR vaccine causes the
onset of autism. There is no scientific evidence that any vaccine causes autism.
What does exist is the correlation in time between when children are immunized and
when they are diagnosed with autism.
The onset of autism in a child is likely to occur before developmental delays or
behaviors emerge, quite possibly before the child is born.
MMR vaccine - Answer-vaccination to protect against mumps, measles and rubella
prognosis - Answer-Early intervention and high quality care may reduce signs and
symptoms of ASD
Many people with ASD work successfully and live independently
Symptoms may become milder as the child gets older
Core problems with social communication generally remain
Co-existing conditions - Answer-Intellectual Disability (ID)
epilepsy
sleep apnea
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Anxiety disorders
Depression
Sensory processing disorders
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders
Affected body functions, systems, structures - Answer-Gastrointestinal (GI tract) - Food
allergy & sensitivity
Endocrine
Immune System
Central Nervous system; Differences in brain structures
Dyspraxia
hypotonia
Apraxia
Dyspraxia - Answer-motor planning problems including initiation, organization, and
performance of movements
Apraxia - Answer-is a motor speech disorder that makes it hard for children to speak
Brain structures affected - Answer-Cerebellum is typically smaller
Amygdala typically larger
