ANESTHESIOLOGY TEST (LSU SVM)
400+ QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
What does the term Neuroleptanalgesia mean? - Answer-The combination of a sedative
and a tranquilizer.
Can benzodiazepines be a part of neuroleptanalgesia? - Answer-yes
How can benzodiazepines be used clinically in a case of urinary blockage? - Answer-
They cause urethral muscle relaxation which helps the placement of urinary catheter.
What is the preferred benzodiazepine to be combined with other premedication drugs
when dealing with cardiac-sick patients? - Answer-midazolam
What is the preferred benzo to be administer before etomidate induction? - Answer-
Midazolam- provides muscle relaxation
What is the preferred benzo to use in a co-induction protocol? - Answer-midazolam
When is midazolam well absorbed in pigs? - Answer-When given intranasally; when pig
doesn't have IV catheter in place anymore
What is midazolam used for in horse sedation? - Answer-Standing sedation
Is midazolam used on its own or with other sedatives in horses? - Answer-With other
sedatives...usually added to xylazine, butorphanol/morphine, lidocaine infusion
what is the basic function of an anesthesia machine? - Answer-preparing a gas mixture
of precisely known but variable composition; delivering the gas mixture via a breathing
system to the patient
what are the three pressure systems in the anesthesia machine? - Answer-high,
intermediate, low
name some components of the high pressure system (objectives say we only need to
know 2 but idk how she'll ask it so I'm going to list them all) - Answer-gas cylinder,
hanger yoke, check valve, cylinder pressure indicator, pressure regulator
E oxygen cylinder capacity (liters) and pressure (psi) - Answer-660 L; 1800 psi
H oxygen cylinder capacity (liters) and pressure (psi) - Answer-7080 L; 2200 psi
,function of check valve - Answer-prevents the reverse flow of gas
what is the function of the pressure regulator? - Answer-reduces high/variable
pressures in cylinder to lower and more constant pressure (50-60)
what is the pressure of the intermediate pressure system? - Answer-50-60 psi
name some components of the intermediate pressure system (again...only need to
know 2) - Answer-pipeline inlet connections; pipeline pressure indicators; piping; oxygen
flush valve; flow control valves; 2nd stage reducing device
Oxygen flush valve - Answer-Part of the anesthesia machine that delivers O2 directly to
the common gas outlet; bypasses flowmeter and vaporizer
parts of the low pressure system - Answer-flow meter; vaporizer; check valve; common
gas outlet
flow meter function - Answer-indicate rate of flow of oxygen passing through; when
opened allows for gas to flow up the tube elevating the indicator
Common gas outlet function - Answer-interface between anesthesia machine and
breathing system
why can oxygen cylinders only be mounted at their designated spot on the anesthesia
machine? - Answer-pin index safety system; that is the only place it will fit for safety
reasons
components of circle (rebreathing) system that are NOT in a bain (non-rebreathing)
system - Answer-soda lime is in a circle system, rebreathing bag, one way valves
flow of O2 through the anesthesia machine from cylinder to common gas outlet -
Answer-Cylinder--> cylinder Pressure gauge--> pressure regulator--> pipeline pressure
gauge--> flow control valve --> flow meters -> vaporizer -> check valve -> machine
outlet(aka common gas outlet).
a drug administered via parenteral route and produces a state of hypnosis or catelepsy
called "anaesthetic state" - Answer-injectable anesthetics
some agents that can only be administered IV - Answer-propofol, etomidate, barbituates
is intraperitoneal route reccommened for injectible anesthetics? - Answer-NO even
though it is in the literature
some properties of the ideal injectable anesthetic - Answer-water soluble; long shelf life;
stable when exposed to light; safe therapeutic ratio; short duration of action
, factors determining anesthetic effect of injectable anesthetics - Answer-blood flow to
brain; amount of non ionized drug; degree of protein binding of the drug; lipid solubility;
metabolism and elimination
is the bound or unbound (to protein) form of a drug the active form? - Answer-unbound
purpose of solvent/additive - Answer-making drug bioavailable
propylene glycol solvent/additive does what? - Answer-makes solutions hyperosmolar
mechanism of action of the injectable anesthetics (and which one specifically) - Answer-
receptors; GABA a
for which two drugs (injectable anesthetics) is GABA-A NOT the primary target -
Answer-ketamine and tiletamine
thiopental pharmacokinetics - Answer-ultra short barbiturate; 20 mins duration of action;
distributes rapidly; redistributes to muscle and fat
thiopental: liver metabolism which enzyme? - Answer-cytocrhome P450
thiopental: how is the action of a single bolus injection terminated? - Answer-
redistribution to the muscle and fat
thiopental: what tissue provides a large reservoir for delayed drug uptake w/ prolonged
administration or repeated doses - Answer-adipose tissue
thiopental MOA - Answer-GABA-A
thiopental: actions - Answer-decreases preload, myocardial contractility, CO, and BP;
increases HR
thiopental: does it cause dysrhythmias?? - Answer-yes; VPCs (ventricular bigeminy
contractions)
thiopental: has what properties relating to the CNS? - Answer-excellent anticonvulsant
properties
other effects of thiopental - Answer-splenic engorgement; highly protein bound
why should you not use thiopental in sighthounds? - Answer-prolonged recovery due to:
deficient in hepatic microsomal enzymes for drug metabolism; lack body fat
propofol: pharmacokinetics - Answer-short acting phenol; lipophilic; rapid redistribution
to brain
400+ QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
What does the term Neuroleptanalgesia mean? - Answer-The combination of a sedative
and a tranquilizer.
Can benzodiazepines be a part of neuroleptanalgesia? - Answer-yes
How can benzodiazepines be used clinically in a case of urinary blockage? - Answer-
They cause urethral muscle relaxation which helps the placement of urinary catheter.
What is the preferred benzodiazepine to be combined with other premedication drugs
when dealing with cardiac-sick patients? - Answer-midazolam
What is the preferred benzo to be administer before etomidate induction? - Answer-
Midazolam- provides muscle relaxation
What is the preferred benzo to use in a co-induction protocol? - Answer-midazolam
When is midazolam well absorbed in pigs? - Answer-When given intranasally; when pig
doesn't have IV catheter in place anymore
What is midazolam used for in horse sedation? - Answer-Standing sedation
Is midazolam used on its own or with other sedatives in horses? - Answer-With other
sedatives...usually added to xylazine, butorphanol/morphine, lidocaine infusion
what is the basic function of an anesthesia machine? - Answer-preparing a gas mixture
of precisely known but variable composition; delivering the gas mixture via a breathing
system to the patient
what are the three pressure systems in the anesthesia machine? - Answer-high,
intermediate, low
name some components of the high pressure system (objectives say we only need to
know 2 but idk how she'll ask it so I'm going to list them all) - Answer-gas cylinder,
hanger yoke, check valve, cylinder pressure indicator, pressure regulator
E oxygen cylinder capacity (liters) and pressure (psi) - Answer-660 L; 1800 psi
H oxygen cylinder capacity (liters) and pressure (psi) - Answer-7080 L; 2200 psi
,function of check valve - Answer-prevents the reverse flow of gas
what is the function of the pressure regulator? - Answer-reduces high/variable
pressures in cylinder to lower and more constant pressure (50-60)
what is the pressure of the intermediate pressure system? - Answer-50-60 psi
name some components of the intermediate pressure system (again...only need to
know 2) - Answer-pipeline inlet connections; pipeline pressure indicators; piping; oxygen
flush valve; flow control valves; 2nd stage reducing device
Oxygen flush valve - Answer-Part of the anesthesia machine that delivers O2 directly to
the common gas outlet; bypasses flowmeter and vaporizer
parts of the low pressure system - Answer-flow meter; vaporizer; check valve; common
gas outlet
flow meter function - Answer-indicate rate of flow of oxygen passing through; when
opened allows for gas to flow up the tube elevating the indicator
Common gas outlet function - Answer-interface between anesthesia machine and
breathing system
why can oxygen cylinders only be mounted at their designated spot on the anesthesia
machine? - Answer-pin index safety system; that is the only place it will fit for safety
reasons
components of circle (rebreathing) system that are NOT in a bain (non-rebreathing)
system - Answer-soda lime is in a circle system, rebreathing bag, one way valves
flow of O2 through the anesthesia machine from cylinder to common gas outlet -
Answer-Cylinder--> cylinder Pressure gauge--> pressure regulator--> pipeline pressure
gauge--> flow control valve --> flow meters -> vaporizer -> check valve -> machine
outlet(aka common gas outlet).
a drug administered via parenteral route and produces a state of hypnosis or catelepsy
called "anaesthetic state" - Answer-injectable anesthetics
some agents that can only be administered IV - Answer-propofol, etomidate, barbituates
is intraperitoneal route reccommened for injectible anesthetics? - Answer-NO even
though it is in the literature
some properties of the ideal injectable anesthetic - Answer-water soluble; long shelf life;
stable when exposed to light; safe therapeutic ratio; short duration of action
, factors determining anesthetic effect of injectable anesthetics - Answer-blood flow to
brain; amount of non ionized drug; degree of protein binding of the drug; lipid solubility;
metabolism and elimination
is the bound or unbound (to protein) form of a drug the active form? - Answer-unbound
purpose of solvent/additive - Answer-making drug bioavailable
propylene glycol solvent/additive does what? - Answer-makes solutions hyperosmolar
mechanism of action of the injectable anesthetics (and which one specifically) - Answer-
receptors; GABA a
for which two drugs (injectable anesthetics) is GABA-A NOT the primary target -
Answer-ketamine and tiletamine
thiopental pharmacokinetics - Answer-ultra short barbiturate; 20 mins duration of action;
distributes rapidly; redistributes to muscle and fat
thiopental: liver metabolism which enzyme? - Answer-cytocrhome P450
thiopental: how is the action of a single bolus injection terminated? - Answer-
redistribution to the muscle and fat
thiopental: what tissue provides a large reservoir for delayed drug uptake w/ prolonged
administration or repeated doses - Answer-adipose tissue
thiopental MOA - Answer-GABA-A
thiopental: actions - Answer-decreases preload, myocardial contractility, CO, and BP;
increases HR
thiopental: does it cause dysrhythmias?? - Answer-yes; VPCs (ventricular bigeminy
contractions)
thiopental: has what properties relating to the CNS? - Answer-excellent anticonvulsant
properties
other effects of thiopental - Answer-splenic engorgement; highly protein bound
why should you not use thiopental in sighthounds? - Answer-prolonged recovery due to:
deficient in hepatic microsomal enzymes for drug metabolism; lack body fat
propofol: pharmacokinetics - Answer-short acting phenol; lipophilic; rapid redistribution
to brain
