NUR258 Exam 2 Study
Guide With Solution
Types of burns
Dry heat, moist heat, direct contact with hot surfaces, chemicals, electricity,
ionizing radiation, hot water, sun burn
skin layers
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer
burn injury common complications
- fluid loss
- electrolyte imbalance
- dehydration
- shock (↓ blood volume, ↓ tissue perfusion)
- infection
burn: inflammatory response
- vasodilation
- ↑ capillary permeability
- edema
,- tissue damage
- release of cytokines & prostaglandins (pain, inflammation)
burn severity
type, depth/severity, total body surface area burned
- depth
- age
- cause
- presence of other injuries
- involvement of airway & respiratory
- Overall health
rule of nines
determines TBSA% burned
- anatomic regions of the body
- add all affected burn areas
,palmer method
size of the clients hand, including fingers, is 1% TBSA
parkland formula
4 mL x % burn (TBSA) x pt weight in kg = total fluids (mL) for 24 hours
- ½ of the total volume is given over the first 8 hrs
- remaining fluid given over next 16 hrs
what IV fluid is used for burns?
lactated ringers: contains electrolytes
- fluid resuscitation for dehydration, hypovolemia, blood loss
Weight 75 kg
Deep thickness burns to anterior and posterior torso, and anterior and
posterior of both arms
, 1. What is the TBSA?
2. What is the total volume of fluid this client requires?
3. How much fluid will be administered during the first 8 hours?
4. How many mL/hr will be administered during the first 8 hours?
5. How many mL/hr will be administered during the next 16 hours?
1. 54%
2. Total fluids = 4 mL × 54% × 75 kg = 16200 mL
3. 8100 mL (half of 16200 mL)
4. 8,100 ml / 8 = 1,012.5 mL/hr
5. 8,100 mL/ 16 = 506 mL/hr
Guide With Solution
Types of burns
Dry heat, moist heat, direct contact with hot surfaces, chemicals, electricity,
ionizing radiation, hot water, sun burn
skin layers
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer
burn injury common complications
- fluid loss
- electrolyte imbalance
- dehydration
- shock (↓ blood volume, ↓ tissue perfusion)
- infection
burn: inflammatory response
- vasodilation
- ↑ capillary permeability
- edema
,- tissue damage
- release of cytokines & prostaglandins (pain, inflammation)
burn severity
type, depth/severity, total body surface area burned
- depth
- age
- cause
- presence of other injuries
- involvement of airway & respiratory
- Overall health
rule of nines
determines TBSA% burned
- anatomic regions of the body
- add all affected burn areas
,palmer method
size of the clients hand, including fingers, is 1% TBSA
parkland formula
4 mL x % burn (TBSA) x pt weight in kg = total fluids (mL) for 24 hours
- ½ of the total volume is given over the first 8 hrs
- remaining fluid given over next 16 hrs
what IV fluid is used for burns?
lactated ringers: contains electrolytes
- fluid resuscitation for dehydration, hypovolemia, blood loss
Weight 75 kg
Deep thickness burns to anterior and posterior torso, and anterior and
posterior of both arms
, 1. What is the TBSA?
2. What is the total volume of fluid this client requires?
3. How much fluid will be administered during the first 8 hours?
4. How many mL/hr will be administered during the first 8 hours?
5. How many mL/hr will be administered during the next 16 hours?
1. 54%
2. Total fluids = 4 mL × 54% × 75 kg = 16200 mL
3. 8100 mL (half of 16200 mL)
4. 8,100 ml / 8 = 1,012.5 mL/hr
5. 8,100 mL/ 16 = 506 mL/hr
