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International Business - Answers The study of transactions across national borders to satisfy the needs
of individuals and organizations.
MNE - Answers A company headquartered in one country with operations in other countries.
MNE - Answers Controls and manages plants in at least two countries, the home country and a host
country.
Intra-firm trade - Answers Imports/exports within the MNE corporate network.
Arm's length trade - Answers Imports/exports with external third-party customers.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) - Answers Companies investing equity funds to start or improve
operations in another country, different from portfolio investment.
Inward FDI flows - Answers Money coming into a country from foreign-owned MNEs to their subsidiaries
in that country.
Outward FDI flows - Answers Money going out from firms in a country to their subsidiaries in other
countries.
Core Triad - Answers The United States, the European Union, and Japan, where most global transactions
occur.
Home Region Firms - Answers MNEs that conduct the bulk of their international business within a key
region.
High inter-regional liabilities of foreignness - Answers Adaption costs of doing business between regions
relative to within the home region.
Broad triad - Answers Consists of NAFTA, the expanded EU (EU-27), and Asia (ASEAN+6).
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) - Answers Trade agreement between the US, Canada,
and Mexico, now the USMCA Agreement (10/2018).
European Union (EU-28) - Answers Originally EU15, expanded to include twelve new mainly Central
European countries in 2004 and 2007, and Croatia in 2013. The UK voted to leave in 2016, becoming EU-
27.
Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) - Answers Includes Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Laos,
Malaysia, Myanmar, Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore, Viet Nam, and Thailand.
MNEs - Answers Multinational Enterprises employ about 6% of workers globally, with larger MNEs
operating in high growth sectors and mature sectors.