MNE 34 - Amino Acids Exam Solution Manual Already Passed

MNE 34 - Amino Acids Exam Solution Manual Already Passed Glycine - Answers _______ functions directly as a neurotransmitter. Acts to block impulses in the spinal cord to stimulate skeletal muscle Skeletal Muscle - Answers Glycine functions directly as a neurotransmitter. Acts to block impulses in the spinal cord to stimulate ________ ______ Glycine - Answers _______ is conjugated directly to a cholesterol derivative to form glycocholic acid (bile salt) Glycocholic - Answers Glycine is conjugated directly to a cholesterol derivative to form ___________ acid (bile salt) Glycine - Answers _______ is incorporated directly during de novo synthesis of purines Purines - Answers Glycine is incorporated directly during de novo synthesis of ________ (DNA constituent) Glycine - Answers _______ condenses with Succinyl-CoA in the first step of Heme biosynthesis Succinyl CoA - Answers Glycine condenses with ________ ____ in the first step of Heme biosynthesis Heme - Answers Glycine condenses with Succinyl-CoA in the first step of _____ biosynthesis Alanine/Glutamine - Answers ________ and ________ are the predominant circulating amino acids Alanine (glucose-alanine cycle) - Answers ________ transfers amino groups from the muscle to the liver via transamination from muscle pyruvate Serine - Answers ______ typically serves as a source of one-carbon fragments in biosynthesis Glutamate - Answers Glutamine can act as a transporter for ammonium ions (especially in the kidney), when it is converted to __________ Glutamine - Answers _________ acts as an amino group donor during purine biosynthesis Glutamine - Answers _________ can serve as an amino group donor in amino sugar biosynthesis Amino - Answers Glutamine can serve as an _____ group donor in amino sugar biosynthesis Amino Sugar - Answers Glutamine can serve as an amino group donor in ______ ______ biosynthesis Glucosamine6P - Answers F6P + Glutamine ---> ______________ + Glutamate F6P - Answers ____ + Glutamine ---> Glucosamine-6-P + Glutamate Glucosamine6P - Answers All other amino sugars are derived from ______________ Glutamate - Answers __________ is the primary neurotransmitter in the CNS; acts on both ion channels and GPCRs CNS/Excitatory - Answers Glutamate is the primary neurotransmitter in the ____; It is an (excitatory/inhibitory) NT Glutamate - Answers _________ is the source of GABA via decarboxylation of the α-carboxyl. Glutamate - Answers _________ is the source of GABA via decarboxylation of the α-carboxyl. GABA - Answers _____ is the major inhibitory neurotransmittor in the brain; it's receptor is the target of benzodiazepines/barbiturates Glutamate (from α keto) - Answers _________ is the source of amino groups for most other amino acids Glutamate - Answers _________ is a reactant in ammonia fixation, which results in the production of glutamine. Glutamine - Answers Glutamate is a reactant in ammonia fixation, which results in the production of __________. Methionine (activation forms SAM) - Answers ___________ is activated by reaction with ATP Methionine - Answers ___________ is the source of methyl groups of most methylation rxns SAM (S-adenosyl methionine) - Answers Methionine is activated by reaction with ATP to form ____ ATP - Answers Methionine is activated by reaction with ____