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West Coast EMT Block 2 Study Guide
Exam Questions and Answers 100%
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electrical conduction of the heart - ✔✔The flow of electrical current causes
smooth, coordinated heart contractions; they produce pumping action of
the heart
Depolarization - ✔✔electrical charges on the surface of the muscle cell
change from positive to negative
Repolarization - ✔✔the heart returns to its resting state, and the positive
charge is restored to the surface
Where do the electrical impulses begin? - ✔✔Electrical impulses begin high
in the atria in the sinoatrial node, travel to the atrioventricular node and
bundle of His, and then move through the Purkinje fibers to the ventricles
Three types of muscle - ✔✔skeletal, cardiac, smooth
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Skeletal muscle - ✔✔Voluntary muscle/Striated muscle (characteristic
stripes): Movement of the body like waving or walking/ Skeletal muscle is
attached to the bones of the skeleton
Smooth muscle - ✔✔Found within blood vessels and intestines
Cardiac muscle - ✔✔found only within the heart and is able to create and
conduct its own electrical impulses
Ligaments - ✔✔Connect bone to bone
Tendons - ✔✔Ropelike structures that connect muscles to bones
Cartilage - ✔✔Smooth connective tissue that covers the ends of bones at
mobile joints
Anatomy of lower airway: delivers oxygen to alveoli - ✔✔Trachea
(windpipe): conduit for air entry into the lungs; divides at the carina into two
main stem bronchi, right and left
Bronchioles: dilate and constrict as oxygen passes through them
Small bronchioles connect to alveoli: site of oxygen and carbon dioxide
exchange
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Thyroid cartilage (adam's apple): forms the anterior part of the larynx
Cricoid cartilage: immediately below the thyroid
Cricothyroid membrane
Anatomy of upper airway - ✔✔Nose, Mouth (Oral Cavity), Jaw (mandible),
Tongue, Pharynx, and Larynx (Voice Box)
The Larynx - ✔✔Does not tolerate any foreign or liquid material and any
contact will result in a violent episode of coughing
The nose and mouth lead to the? - ✔✔Oropharynx (throat)
The pharynx is composed of the? - ✔✔nasopharynx, oropharynx,
laryngopharynx
The nostrils lead to the? - ✔✔Nasopharynx (above the roof of the mouth
and soft palate)
The mouth leads to the? - ✔✔oropharynx
Two passages that are located at the bottom of the pharynx are? - ✔✔the
trachea (windpipe) and the esophagus (carries food to the digestive
system)
West Coast EMT Block 2 Study Guide
Exam Questions and Answers 100%
Pass
electrical conduction of the heart - ✔✔The flow of electrical current causes
smooth, coordinated heart contractions; they produce pumping action of
the heart
Depolarization - ✔✔electrical charges on the surface of the muscle cell
change from positive to negative
Repolarization - ✔✔the heart returns to its resting state, and the positive
charge is restored to the surface
Where do the electrical impulses begin? - ✔✔Electrical impulses begin high
in the atria in the sinoatrial node, travel to the atrioventricular node and
bundle of His, and then move through the Purkinje fibers to the ventricles
Three types of muscle - ✔✔skeletal, cardiac, smooth
,©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Skeletal muscle - ✔✔Voluntary muscle/Striated muscle (characteristic
stripes): Movement of the body like waving or walking/ Skeletal muscle is
attached to the bones of the skeleton
Smooth muscle - ✔✔Found within blood vessels and intestines
Cardiac muscle - ✔✔found only within the heart and is able to create and
conduct its own electrical impulses
Ligaments - ✔✔Connect bone to bone
Tendons - ✔✔Ropelike structures that connect muscles to bones
Cartilage - ✔✔Smooth connective tissue that covers the ends of bones at
mobile joints
Anatomy of lower airway: delivers oxygen to alveoli - ✔✔Trachea
(windpipe): conduit for air entry into the lungs; divides at the carina into two
main stem bronchi, right and left
Bronchioles: dilate and constrict as oxygen passes through them
Small bronchioles connect to alveoli: site of oxygen and carbon dioxide
exchange
, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
Thyroid cartilage (adam's apple): forms the anterior part of the larynx
Cricoid cartilage: immediately below the thyroid
Cricothyroid membrane
Anatomy of upper airway - ✔✔Nose, Mouth (Oral Cavity), Jaw (mandible),
Tongue, Pharynx, and Larynx (Voice Box)
The Larynx - ✔✔Does not tolerate any foreign or liquid material and any
contact will result in a violent episode of coughing
The nose and mouth lead to the? - ✔✔Oropharynx (throat)
The pharynx is composed of the? - ✔✔nasopharynx, oropharynx,
laryngopharynx
The nostrils lead to the? - ✔✔Nasopharynx (above the roof of the mouth
and soft palate)
The mouth leads to the? - ✔✔oropharynx
Two passages that are located at the bottom of the pharynx are? - ✔✔the
trachea (windpipe) and the esophagus (carries food to the digestive
system)
