UCSD BILD 3 Final Exam Questions &
Answers 2024/2025
descent with modification - ANSWERSover time traits that have a reproductive advantage become more
popular within a population
divergence - ANSWERSdifferent forms or structures of related species evolving differently to adapt to
various environments
limits on population growth - ANSWERSpredation
starvation
emigration
habitat loss
pathogens/parasites
fire/flood/drought
natural selection - ANSWERSvariation in a heritable characteristic that affects survival or reproduction
principle of succession - ANSWERSliving organisms are similar to fossils in their regions because they
descended from those same ancestors with modification
Darwin's inferences - ANSWERS1. All species are related to a common ancestor
2. Evolutionary modification happens when organisms find themselves in new environments and adapt
to those new environments via natural selection
3. The diversity on Earth has to do with how old the planet is
adaptive radiation - ANSWERSdiversification of species from common ancestor to fill wide range of
ecological niches
, artificial selection - ANSWERSselecting for traits that are useful for humans
Alfred Russel Wallace - ANSWERSCollected beetles
4 years in amazon
Noticed that isolation + time = divergence
microevolution - ANSWERSShort time scales
Change in the genetic composition of a population across generations
macroevolution - ANSWERSchange in composition of species over time
microevolution + millions of years = macroevolution
fossilization - ANSWERSusually found in sedimentary rocks
stratigraphy - ANSWERSyounger fossils on top, older on bottom
Tiktaalik roseae - ANSWERSscaly fossil fish
Found in Canadian arctic
transitional between fish and tetrapods
probably a relative of the ancestor of modern tetrapods
Archaeopteryx - ANSWERStransitional form between dinosaurs and birds from late Jurassic
Extinction - ANSWERSWiping out of a species
Controversy of extinction ended with discovery of Irish elk
vestigial structures - ANSWERSFunctionless structure in one species that has an important function in
another, related species
Answers 2024/2025
descent with modification - ANSWERSover time traits that have a reproductive advantage become more
popular within a population
divergence - ANSWERSdifferent forms or structures of related species evolving differently to adapt to
various environments
limits on population growth - ANSWERSpredation
starvation
emigration
habitat loss
pathogens/parasites
fire/flood/drought
natural selection - ANSWERSvariation in a heritable characteristic that affects survival or reproduction
principle of succession - ANSWERSliving organisms are similar to fossils in their regions because they
descended from those same ancestors with modification
Darwin's inferences - ANSWERS1. All species are related to a common ancestor
2. Evolutionary modification happens when organisms find themselves in new environments and adapt
to those new environments via natural selection
3. The diversity on Earth has to do with how old the planet is
adaptive radiation - ANSWERSdiversification of species from common ancestor to fill wide range of
ecological niches
, artificial selection - ANSWERSselecting for traits that are useful for humans
Alfred Russel Wallace - ANSWERSCollected beetles
4 years in amazon
Noticed that isolation + time = divergence
microevolution - ANSWERSShort time scales
Change in the genetic composition of a population across generations
macroevolution - ANSWERSchange in composition of species over time
microevolution + millions of years = macroevolution
fossilization - ANSWERSusually found in sedimentary rocks
stratigraphy - ANSWERSyounger fossils on top, older on bottom
Tiktaalik roseae - ANSWERSscaly fossil fish
Found in Canadian arctic
transitional between fish and tetrapods
probably a relative of the ancestor of modern tetrapods
Archaeopteryx - ANSWERStransitional form between dinosaurs and birds from late Jurassic
Extinction - ANSWERSWiping out of a species
Controversy of extinction ended with discovery of Irish elk
vestigial structures - ANSWERSFunctionless structure in one species that has an important function in
another, related species
