HURST REVIEW NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
How does HF cause FVE (Fluid Volume Excess)? - CORRECT ANSWERS bc the
weak heart cant perfuse the the kids therefore decreased Urine out put.
How does RF cause FVE? - CORRECT ANSWERS the kidneys are not functioning
therefore no urine out put and fluid remains in vasc space
Aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWERS created in adrenal glands on Kidneys, it is a
steroid and mineralocosteroid; retains water and sodium. therefore increases
BP
Fluid Volume Excess (hypervolemia) - CORRECT ANSWERS Too much fluid in
the vascular space caused by: HF, RF, and High Na intake (meds, food, IVF with
Na) and Hormones (aldosterone and ADH)
AHD - CORRECT ANSWERS anti diuretic therefore RETAINS water only. found in
pituitary therefore any head trauma, surgery, or increased ICP can lead to ADH
issues.
Dx name for it is Vasopressin or "Pressins"
Too much ADH - CORRECT ANSWERS SIADH, therefore reatains water in vasc
space. Urine is concentrated (increased serum spef) and blood is diluted
(decreased Blood HCT).
Too little ADH - CORRECT ANSWERS Diabetes insipidus; diuresis fluid leads to
FVD (shock), Urine will be dilute (urine spef will decrease) and blood will be
conc. (HCT will be increased).
,HURST REVIEW NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
the three labs that concentration (increases) and dilution (decreases) -
CORRECT ANSWERS Na, Hct, Urine spef
FVE SS - CORRECT ANSWERS incresaed: BP, P, RR, CVP (2-6), DW, JVP
wet lungs, polyuria,
P is bounding and full
3rd spacing
FVE trx - CORRECT ANSWERS low Na, fluid restriction
I&O and DW
Diuretics
bed rest
FVD (hypovolemia) - CORRECT ANSWERS not enough fluid in vasc space which
can lead to shock and is casued by fluid loss, 3rd space, Disease with polyuria.
FVD ss - CORRECT ANSWERS wt decreases,
poor skin turg,
dry mm
decreased Urine
decrease BP & CVP,
Tachy and weak/thready,
cool clammy r/t vasocons
increase urine spef.
,HURST REVIEW NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
FVD trx - CORRECT ANSWERS prevent loss,
replace fluid
safety precs (falls r/t loc),
Hypermagnesemis - CORRECT ANSWERS acts like a sedative and think of
muscles;
excreted by kidneys therefore:
RF and antacids can be the problem.
Hypermagnesemia ss - CORRECT ANSWERS vasodil--> warm/flushing;
decreased DTRS, flaccid tone, decreased LOC/P/RR, and arrythmias (same
as....hypo....)
Hypermagnesemia trx - CORRECT ANSWERS ventilator, dialysis, Ca Gluc
(antidote), safety precs (sedation)
Hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS Sedative, think of the muscles;
caused by hyperparatyroidism too much PTH therefore pulls from bones into
blood; Thiazides retains Ca, and immobility
Hypercalcemia SS - CORRECT ANSWERS bones and stones
Decreased DTRs, flaccid,
decrease: P, RR< LOC
, HURST REVIEW NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
arrythmias
Hypercalcemis Trx - CORRECT ANSWERS Mobility, increase fluids, inverse r/s
with phos so admin phosphates and calcitonin, steroids, safety precs,
Hypomagnesemia - CORRECT ANSWERS Not enough sedative; caused by
diarrhea and alcoholism bc it suprresses ADH and it is a hypertonic solution
and they dont eat.
Hypomagnesemia & Hypocalcemia ss - CORRECT ANSWERS Convulsions.
confusion (loc change)
Arrythmias
Tetany, DTRS increase,
Sstridor, swallow prob
(positive Stridor and chevotske)
Hypomagnesemia Trx - CORRECT ANSWERS give Mg (IV, PO, Foods) , monitor
Kidney fxn, seizure precs, stop infusion with flushing/sweating
Hypocalcemia caused by: - CORRECT ANSWERS caused by hypoparathyroidism,
radiac neck, thyroidectomy therefore decreased PTH=decreased Ca serum
Hypocalcemia trx - CORRECT ANSWERS PO, IV Ca therefore give slow and on
cardiac monitor, give Vit D, phophate binders: ca acetate, sevelamer
hydrochloride
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
How does HF cause FVE (Fluid Volume Excess)? - CORRECT ANSWERS bc the
weak heart cant perfuse the the kids therefore decreased Urine out put.
How does RF cause FVE? - CORRECT ANSWERS the kidneys are not functioning
therefore no urine out put and fluid remains in vasc space
Aldosterone - CORRECT ANSWERS created in adrenal glands on Kidneys, it is a
steroid and mineralocosteroid; retains water and sodium. therefore increases
BP
Fluid Volume Excess (hypervolemia) - CORRECT ANSWERS Too much fluid in
the vascular space caused by: HF, RF, and High Na intake (meds, food, IVF with
Na) and Hormones (aldosterone and ADH)
AHD - CORRECT ANSWERS anti diuretic therefore RETAINS water only. found in
pituitary therefore any head trauma, surgery, or increased ICP can lead to ADH
issues.
Dx name for it is Vasopressin or "Pressins"
Too much ADH - CORRECT ANSWERS SIADH, therefore reatains water in vasc
space. Urine is concentrated (increased serum spef) and blood is diluted
(decreased Blood HCT).
Too little ADH - CORRECT ANSWERS Diabetes insipidus; diuresis fluid leads to
FVD (shock), Urine will be dilute (urine spef will decrease) and blood will be
conc. (HCT will be increased).
,HURST REVIEW NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
the three labs that concentration (increases) and dilution (decreases) -
CORRECT ANSWERS Na, Hct, Urine spef
FVE SS - CORRECT ANSWERS incresaed: BP, P, RR, CVP (2-6), DW, JVP
wet lungs, polyuria,
P is bounding and full
3rd spacing
FVE trx - CORRECT ANSWERS low Na, fluid restriction
I&O and DW
Diuretics
bed rest
FVD (hypovolemia) - CORRECT ANSWERS not enough fluid in vasc space which
can lead to shock and is casued by fluid loss, 3rd space, Disease with polyuria.
FVD ss - CORRECT ANSWERS wt decreases,
poor skin turg,
dry mm
decreased Urine
decrease BP & CVP,
Tachy and weak/thready,
cool clammy r/t vasocons
increase urine spef.
,HURST REVIEW NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
FVD trx - CORRECT ANSWERS prevent loss,
replace fluid
safety precs (falls r/t loc),
Hypermagnesemis - CORRECT ANSWERS acts like a sedative and think of
muscles;
excreted by kidneys therefore:
RF and antacids can be the problem.
Hypermagnesemia ss - CORRECT ANSWERS vasodil--> warm/flushing;
decreased DTRS, flaccid tone, decreased LOC/P/RR, and arrythmias (same
as....hypo....)
Hypermagnesemia trx - CORRECT ANSWERS ventilator, dialysis, Ca Gluc
(antidote), safety precs (sedation)
Hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWERS Sedative, think of the muscles;
caused by hyperparatyroidism too much PTH therefore pulls from bones into
blood; Thiazides retains Ca, and immobility
Hypercalcemia SS - CORRECT ANSWERS bones and stones
Decreased DTRs, flaccid,
decrease: P, RR< LOC
, HURST REVIEW NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2024/2025 A COMPLETE EXAM SOLUTION WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS BEST RANKED A+ FOR
SUCCESS
arrythmias
Hypercalcemis Trx - CORRECT ANSWERS Mobility, increase fluids, inverse r/s
with phos so admin phosphates and calcitonin, steroids, safety precs,
Hypomagnesemia - CORRECT ANSWERS Not enough sedative; caused by
diarrhea and alcoholism bc it suprresses ADH and it is a hypertonic solution
and they dont eat.
Hypomagnesemia & Hypocalcemia ss - CORRECT ANSWERS Convulsions.
confusion (loc change)
Arrythmias
Tetany, DTRS increase,
Sstridor, swallow prob
(positive Stridor and chevotske)
Hypomagnesemia Trx - CORRECT ANSWERS give Mg (IV, PO, Foods) , monitor
Kidney fxn, seizure precs, stop infusion with flushing/sweating
Hypocalcemia caused by: - CORRECT ANSWERS caused by hypoparathyroidism,
radiac neck, thyroidectomy therefore decreased PTH=decreased Ca serum
Hypocalcemia trx - CORRECT ANSWERS PO, IV Ca therefore give slow and on
cardiac monitor, give Vit D, phophate binders: ca acetate, sevelamer
hydrochloride
