©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
REM 100 FINAL Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Dominant Social Paradigm - answer✔• Definition: The most widely held set of beliefs, values
and ideals that guide thinking about society, governance, and the role of individuals.
• Organizes the way people perceive and interpret the functioning of the world around them.
Dominant Social Paradigm of Western Societies - answer✔- democracy, acceptance of regulated
capitalism, individualism, economic growth, the notion of progress, faith in science and
technology, domination towards the environment
• The dominant social paradigm manifests itself in the totality of our institutions.
- Institutions are not defined as organizations per se, but more broadly as a set of rules and norms
that govern the behaviour of individuals and organizations in the system.
Institutions versus Organizations - answer✔Institution: The accepted rules, norms and strategies
adopted by individuals operating within or across organizational settings (Ostrom, 2008).
Canada's Constitution and political system set up under its term - Federalism - Legislative
process - Rights and responsibilities of citizens
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Organization: An organized entity/body of people with a particular purpose
Parliament of Canada People - Senate and House of Commons - Personnel (e.g., senators,
members of parliament, supporting staff, etc.) Purpose - Govern Canada by making laws, setting
taxes and authorizing spending
"We often say that institutions are the rules of the game and organizations are the players in these
institutions"
Purpose / Role Institutions ... - answer✔• ... are sets of expectations or norms that pattern human
behavior.
• ... structure social order (authority).
"Institutions are the rules of the game in a society or, more formally, the humanly devised
constraints that shape human interactions."
Key Characteristics
• Can be formal and/or informal (can be imposed or emerge from society itself)
Example of Written Institutions
Canada's Constitution Act, 1982 Relevance to REM: Federal and provincial governments are
granted different legislative jurisdiction over natural resources and the environment
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Institutional and Financial Arrangements for Intern. Environ. Cooperation
• Established in 1972 after the UN Conference on Human Environment (Stockholm Conference)
• Foundation for UNEP, a global environ. authority that has overall responsibility for
environmental programs among United Nations agencies
• Has aided guidelines and treaties on issues such as international trade of potentially harmful
chemicals, transboundary air pollution, and contamination of international waterways.
• Together with the WMO, the UNEP established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)
• Talks on climate change are overseen by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)
Examples of Informal/Unwritten Institutions
• Informal rules among a group of resource users (e.g., fishermen)
• Culturally appropriate behaviour
• Informal rules among a group of resource users (e.g., fishermen)
• Culturally appropriate behaviour
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Components of Economic System - answer✔"[W]e often say that institutions are the rules of the
game and organizations are the players in these institutions."
Organizations
- Businesses
- Buyers
- Producers
- Customers
- Sellers
Institutions
- Rules that determine how these players interact
Economics = is the social science that seeks to describe the factors which determine the
production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.
Environmental economics - answer✔is a sub-field of economics that is concerned with
environmental issues.
• Market failures
12/3/2024 11:27AM
REM 100 FINAL Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Dominant Social Paradigm - answer✔• Definition: The most widely held set of beliefs, values
and ideals that guide thinking about society, governance, and the role of individuals.
• Organizes the way people perceive and interpret the functioning of the world around them.
Dominant Social Paradigm of Western Societies - answer✔- democracy, acceptance of regulated
capitalism, individualism, economic growth, the notion of progress, faith in science and
technology, domination towards the environment
• The dominant social paradigm manifests itself in the totality of our institutions.
- Institutions are not defined as organizations per se, but more broadly as a set of rules and norms
that govern the behaviour of individuals and organizations in the system.
Institutions versus Organizations - answer✔Institution: The accepted rules, norms and strategies
adopted by individuals operating within or across organizational settings (Ostrom, 2008).
Canada's Constitution and political system set up under its term - Federalism - Legislative
process - Rights and responsibilities of citizens
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Organization: An organized entity/body of people with a particular purpose
Parliament of Canada People - Senate and House of Commons - Personnel (e.g., senators,
members of parliament, supporting staff, etc.) Purpose - Govern Canada by making laws, setting
taxes and authorizing spending
"We often say that institutions are the rules of the game and organizations are the players in these
institutions"
Purpose / Role Institutions ... - answer✔• ... are sets of expectations or norms that pattern human
behavior.
• ... structure social order (authority).
"Institutions are the rules of the game in a society or, more formally, the humanly devised
constraints that shape human interactions."
Key Characteristics
• Can be formal and/or informal (can be imposed or emerge from society itself)
Example of Written Institutions
Canada's Constitution Act, 1982 Relevance to REM: Federal and provincial governments are
granted different legislative jurisdiction over natural resources and the environment
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Institutional and Financial Arrangements for Intern. Environ. Cooperation
• Established in 1972 after the UN Conference on Human Environment (Stockholm Conference)
• Foundation for UNEP, a global environ. authority that has overall responsibility for
environmental programs among United Nations agencies
• Has aided guidelines and treaties on issues such as international trade of potentially harmful
chemicals, transboundary air pollution, and contamination of international waterways.
• Together with the WMO, the UNEP established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)
• Talks on climate change are overseen by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)
Examples of Informal/Unwritten Institutions
• Informal rules among a group of resource users (e.g., fishermen)
• Culturally appropriate behaviour
• Informal rules among a group of resource users (e.g., fishermen)
• Culturally appropriate behaviour
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
12/3/2024 11:27AM
Components of Economic System - answer✔"[W]e often say that institutions are the rules of the
game and organizations are the players in these institutions."
Organizations
- Businesses
- Buyers
- Producers
- Customers
- Sellers
Institutions
- Rules that determine how these players interact
Economics = is the social science that seeks to describe the factors which determine the
production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.
Environmental economics - answer✔is a sub-field of economics that is concerned with
environmental issues.
• Market failures
