2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
NSG124 - Final exam Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
Morphine adverse effects
→ - respiratory depression
→ - sedation
→ - constipation
→ - orthostatic hypotension
→ - urinary retention
→ - bradycardia
Naloxone (Narcan)
→ pure opioid antagonist, reverses opioid induced respiratory depression
Medications for muscle spasticity
→ - Baclofen
→ - Diazepam
→ - Dantrolene
→ - Tizanidine
Baclofen (Lioresal)
→ - relieves muscle spasms and spasticity due to MS or spinal cord injury
→ - GI and CNS side effects
→ - do not stop abruptly
Epinephrine
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
,2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
→ - vasopressor, bronchodilator
→ - adrenergic drug that acts on both alpha and beta receptors to relax smooth muscle
→ - used to treat allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and cardiac arrest
→ - use caution in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypertension
H1 receptor antagonists (2nd generation)
→ - drug class used to treat mild allergic reactions
→ - not sedating
→ - use caution in patients with renal impairment
→ - Ex: fexofenadine (Allegra - cannot take with fruit juice), loratadine (Claritin)
4 types of Laxatives include:
→ - bulk forming
→ - surfactant
→ - stimulant
→ - osmotic
Bulk forming laxatives
→ - type of laxative that swells in water to form a viscous solution
→ - softens fecal mass
→ - works similar to dietary fiber
→ - must be taken with a full glass of water
→ - Ex: psyllium (Metamucil)
Surfactant laxatives
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
, 2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
→ - type of laxative that works by lowering surface tension
→ - facilitates penetration of fluid into the feces
→ - must be taken with a full glass of water
→ - available in capsules, tablets, syrup, liquid
→ - Ex: docusate sodium (Colace)
Stimulant laxatives
→ - stimulates peristalsis (intestinal motility)
→ - increase amount of water and electrolytes in intestines
→ - full glass of water NOT required
→ - Ex: bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Osmotic laxatives
→ - draws water into the colon to stimulate evacuation
→ - used for bowel prep before diagnostic/surgical procedures
→ - warning in patients with hypertension, heart failure
→ - Ex: polyethylene glycol (MiraLax)
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
→ - drug to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, GERD
→ - enteric coated, dissolves in intestine versus stomach
→ - not to be given for heartburn because of delayed response
→ - Ex: omeprazole (Prilosec)
H2 receptor antagonists
→ - treats peptic ulcers, GERD, heartburn
→ - suppresses secretion of gastric acid
→ - Ex: Famotidine (Pepcid)
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
NSG124 - Final exam Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
Morphine adverse effects
→ - respiratory depression
→ - sedation
→ - constipation
→ - orthostatic hypotension
→ - urinary retention
→ - bradycardia
Naloxone (Narcan)
→ pure opioid antagonist, reverses opioid induced respiratory depression
Medications for muscle spasticity
→ - Baclofen
→ - Diazepam
→ - Dantrolene
→ - Tizanidine
Baclofen (Lioresal)
→ - relieves muscle spasms and spasticity due to MS or spinal cord injury
→ - GI and CNS side effects
→ - do not stop abruptly
Epinephrine
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
,2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
→ - vasopressor, bronchodilator
→ - adrenergic drug that acts on both alpha and beta receptors to relax smooth muscle
→ - used to treat allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and cardiac arrest
→ - use caution in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypertension
H1 receptor antagonists (2nd generation)
→ - drug class used to treat mild allergic reactions
→ - not sedating
→ - use caution in patients with renal impairment
→ - Ex: fexofenadine (Allegra - cannot take with fruit juice), loratadine (Claritin)
4 types of Laxatives include:
→ - bulk forming
→ - surfactant
→ - stimulant
→ - osmotic
Bulk forming laxatives
→ - type of laxative that swells in water to form a viscous solution
→ - softens fecal mass
→ - works similar to dietary fiber
→ - must be taken with a full glass of water
→ - Ex: psyllium (Metamucil)
Surfactant laxatives
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
, 2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
→ - type of laxative that works by lowering surface tension
→ - facilitates penetration of fluid into the feces
→ - must be taken with a full glass of water
→ - available in capsules, tablets, syrup, liquid
→ - Ex: docusate sodium (Colace)
Stimulant laxatives
→ - stimulates peristalsis (intestinal motility)
→ - increase amount of water and electrolytes in intestines
→ - full glass of water NOT required
→ - Ex: bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Osmotic laxatives
→ - draws water into the colon to stimulate evacuation
→ - used for bowel prep before diagnostic/surgical procedures
→ - warning in patients with hypertension, heart failure
→ - Ex: polyethylene glycol (MiraLax)
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
→ - drug to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, GERD
→ - enteric coated, dissolves in intestine versus stomach
→ - not to be given for heartburn because of delayed response
→ - Ex: omeprazole (Prilosec)
H2 receptor antagonists
→ - treats peptic ulcers, GERD, heartburn
→ - suppresses secretion of gastric acid
→ - Ex: Famotidine (Pepcid)
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
