GCU Bio 182 Exam 2 questions and answers graded A+ passed

GCU Bio 182 Exam 2 questions and
answers graded A+ passed

Green Algae - correct answer ✔✔____________ called charophytes are the closest relatives of land
plants.



Land plants share four key traits with only charophytes - correct answer ✔✔• Rings of cellulose-
synthesizing complexes

• Peroxisome enzymes

• Structure of flagellated sperm

• Formation of a phragmoplast



Sporopollenin - correct answer ✔✔In charophytes a layer of a durable polymer called _____________
prevents exposed zygotes from drying out



Sporopollenin - correct answer ✔✔______________ is also found in plant spore walls



Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants but are absent in the charophytes - correct answer ✔✔•
Alternation of generations and multicellular, dependent embryos

• Walled spores produced in sporangia

• Multicellular gametangia

• Apical meristems



Alternation of Generations - correct answer ✔✔Plants alternate between two multicellular stages, a
reproductive cycle called ___________



Gametophyte - correct answer ✔✔The ____________ is haploid and produces haploid gametes by
mitosis

,Placental transfer cells - correct answer ✔✔Nutrients are transferred from parent to embryo through
___________________



Embryophytes - correct answer ✔✔Land plants are called ____________ because of the dependency of
the embryo on the parent



Sporangia - correct answer ✔✔The sporophyte produces spores in organs called ____________



Sporocytes - correct answer ✔✔Diploid cells called ___________ undergo meiosis to generate haploid
spores



Sporopollenin - correct answer ✔✔Spore walls contain _______________, which makes them resistant
to harsh environments



Gametangia - correct answer ✔✔Gametes are produced within organs called ______________



Archegonia - correct answer ✔✔Female gametangia, called ____________, produce eggs and are the
site of fertilization



Antheridia - correct answer ✔✔Male gametangia, called ____________, produce and release sperm



Apical meristems - correct answer ✔✔Plants sustain continual growth in their ____________



Cuticle - correct answer ✔✔A waxy covering of the epidermis



Vascular tissue - correct answer ✔✔Land plants can be informally grouped based on the presence or
absence of _____________



Vascular plants - correct answer ✔✔Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute the
_______________

, Bryophytes - correct answer ✔✔Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________



Bryophytes - correct answer ✔✔_____________ are not a monophyletic group; their relationships to
each other and to vascular plants is unresolved



Lycophytes - correct answer ✔✔Club mosses and their relatives



Seed - correct answer ✔✔A _________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat



Gymnosperms - correct answer ✔✔The "naked seed" plants, including the conifers



Angiosperms - correct answer ✔✔The flowering plants



Pterophytes - correct answer ✔✔Ferns and their relatives



Bryophytes - correct answer ✔✔Refers to all nonvascular plants



Bryophyta - correct answer ✔✔Refers only to the phylum of mosses



Protonema - correct answer ✔✔A spore germinates into a gametophyte composed of a ____________
and gamete-producing gametophore.



Rhizoids - correct answer ✔✔Anchor gametophytes to substrate



Capsule - correct answer ✔✔A sporangium, also called a __________, which discharges spores



Gametophore - correct answer ✔✔The mature gamete-producing structure of a moss gametophyte.



Peristome - correct answer ✔✔The upper part of the moss capsule (sporangium) often specialized for
gradual spore discharage