2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
ASPEN Adult Nutrition Support Core
Curriculum Third edition. Mueller, Lord,
Marian, McClave, Miller.
- Chapter Questions Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update
and Recommended Version
which of the following nutrition interventions have been shown to improve clinical outcomes
and quality of life in institutionalized older adults?
A. diet modification and liberalization
B. modification of dining environment
C. provision of aides to improve functional status and increased independence at meals
D. honoring food preference and providing snacks and fortified foods
E. All of the above
→ E. all of the above
which of the following nutrition support interventions has demonstrated the best outcomes in
frail, community-dwelling older adults in post-operative orthopedic surgery populations?
A. oral nutrition supplement
B. IV hydration
C. EN
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
,2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
D. PN
→ A. oral nutrition supplement
→
→ - oral nutrition supplements display the best outcomes in this population
→ - EN, PN, and IV hydration have demonstrated limited success in achieving positive
outcomes in older adults
what is the most reasonable justification to initiate EN in an individual with advanced
dementia?
A. decreased morbidity
B. specific and limited goal
C. improved mortality
D. improved quality of life
→ B. specific and limited goal
→
→ - EN has not been shown to be an effective intervention to decrease mortality, improve
morbidity outcomes, or improve QOL in patients with advanced dementia
→ - however, according to the AND, specific and realistically achievable goal may be a
reason to initiate tube feeding in and older adult with advanced dementia
of the following, which is the best currently known nutrition intervention to minimize negative
outcomes associated with sarcopenia?
A. protein supplementation
B. amino acid supplementation
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
,2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
C. protein adequacy
D. omega-3 fatty acid adequacy
→ C. protein adequacy
→
→ - adequacy of protein intake seems to be the most importance nutrition-related factor
in preserving lean body mass in older adults
→ - the type of protein, essential AA supplementation, and omega-3 fatty acid
supplementation may all play roles in preventing sarcopenia
what is the most accurate way to determine energy requirements for obese patients in ICU
requiring EN support?
A. harris-benedict
B. IC
C. mifflin-st jeor
D. penn state equation
→ B. Indirect calorimetry
→
→ - most predictive equations were validated in patients without extremes of weight or
age
→ - overestimation of energy requirements when using actual body weight and
underestimation when using IBW led to inadvertent overfeeding and underfeeding,
respectively
→ - efforts to account for altered body composition by using corrections for actual body
weight have led to even more confusion
→ - for this reason, IC should be used when available
according to most recent ASPEN and SSCM guidelines, what is the EN feeding strategy based
on energy requirements for obese people?
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
, 2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
A. hypo caloric with normal protein
B. hypo caloric with low protein
C. hypo caloric with high protein
D. hypercaloric with high protein
→ C. hypo caloric with high protein
→
→ - BMI >30: goal of EN should not exceed 60-70% of target energy requirements
→ - estimated protein requirements may be 2.0 gm/kg/day of IBW for pts with class 1-2
obesity and 2.5 gm/kg/day for pats with class 3 obesity
which of the following is criterion for selection patients to undergo gastric bypass surgery?
A. BMI >/=35 and no history of substance abuse or psychiatric disorders
B. BMI equal to or greater than 35 and obesity-associated co-morbidities
C. BMI equal to or greater than 30 and obesity associated comobidities
D. BMI equal to or greater than 30 and inability to achieve weight control with low calorie
diets
→ B. BMI equal to or greater than 35 and obesity-associated co-morbidities
→
→ - candidate if BMI >/=40 or >/=35 with co-morbidities and more conservative
efforts at weight loss have not resulted in adequate weight control
→ - pts with active bulimia, active substance abuse, or major disturbances of though or
mood should be evaluated carefully and these issues should be treated prior to
surgery
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
ASPEN Adult Nutrition Support Core
Curriculum Third edition. Mueller, Lord,
Marian, McClave, Miller.
- Chapter Questions Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update
and Recommended Version
which of the following nutrition interventions have been shown to improve clinical outcomes
and quality of life in institutionalized older adults?
A. diet modification and liberalization
B. modification of dining environment
C. provision of aides to improve functional status and increased independence at meals
D. honoring food preference and providing snacks and fortified foods
E. All of the above
→ E. all of the above
which of the following nutrition support interventions has demonstrated the best outcomes in
frail, community-dwelling older adults in post-operative orthopedic surgery populations?
A. oral nutrition supplement
B. IV hydration
C. EN
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
,2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
D. PN
→ A. oral nutrition supplement
→
→ - oral nutrition supplements display the best outcomes in this population
→ - EN, PN, and IV hydration have demonstrated limited success in achieving positive
outcomes in older adults
what is the most reasonable justification to initiate EN in an individual with advanced
dementia?
A. decreased morbidity
B. specific and limited goal
C. improved mortality
D. improved quality of life
→ B. specific and limited goal
→
→ - EN has not been shown to be an effective intervention to decrease mortality, improve
morbidity outcomes, or improve QOL in patients with advanced dementia
→ - however, according to the AND, specific and realistically achievable goal may be a
reason to initiate tube feeding in and older adult with advanced dementia
of the following, which is the best currently known nutrition intervention to minimize negative
outcomes associated with sarcopenia?
A. protein supplementation
B. amino acid supplementation
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
,2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
C. protein adequacy
D. omega-3 fatty acid adequacy
→ C. protein adequacy
→
→ - adequacy of protein intake seems to be the most importance nutrition-related factor
in preserving lean body mass in older adults
→ - the type of protein, essential AA supplementation, and omega-3 fatty acid
supplementation may all play roles in preventing sarcopenia
what is the most accurate way to determine energy requirements for obese patients in ICU
requiring EN support?
A. harris-benedict
B. IC
C. mifflin-st jeor
D. penn state equation
→ B. Indirect calorimetry
→
→ - most predictive equations were validated in patients without extremes of weight or
age
→ - overestimation of energy requirements when using actual body weight and
underestimation when using IBW led to inadvertent overfeeding and underfeeding,
respectively
→ - efforts to account for altered body composition by using corrections for actual body
weight have led to even more confusion
→ - for this reason, IC should be used when available
according to most recent ASPEN and SSCM guidelines, what is the EN feeding strategy based
on energy requirements for obese people?
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
, 2 0 2 4 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain Excel!
A. hypo caloric with normal protein
B. hypo caloric with low protein
C. hypo caloric with high protein
D. hypercaloric with high protein
→ C. hypo caloric with high protein
→
→ - BMI >30: goal of EN should not exceed 60-70% of target energy requirements
→ - estimated protein requirements may be 2.0 gm/kg/day of IBW for pts with class 1-2
obesity and 2.5 gm/kg/day for pats with class 3 obesity
which of the following is criterion for selection patients to undergo gastric bypass surgery?
A. BMI >/=35 and no history of substance abuse or psychiatric disorders
B. BMI equal to or greater than 35 and obesity-associated co-morbidities
C. BMI equal to or greater than 30 and obesity associated comobidities
D. BMI equal to or greater than 30 and inability to achieve weight control with low calorie
diets
→ B. BMI equal to or greater than 35 and obesity-associated co-morbidities
→
→ - candidate if BMI >/=40 or >/=35 with co-morbidities and more conservative
efforts at weight loss have not resulted in adequate weight control
→ - pts with active bulimia, active substance abuse, or major disturbances of though or
mood should be evaluated carefully and these issues should be treated prior to
surgery
1|Page| GradeA+ | 2 0 0 2 5
