KNES 385 exam 2 questions with correct answers
executive function Correct Answer-executive or cognitive control
executive functions Correct Answer-refer to family of top-down mental
processes needed when you have to concentrate or pay attention
automatic or relying on instinct or intuition would be ill-advised,
insufficient, or impossible
3 core executive functions Correct Answer-inhibitory control
working memory
cognitive flexibility
higher-level executive functions Correct Answer-reasoning, problem
solving, high-level planning
pre-frontal cortex is critical for executive functions
inhibitory control Correct Answer-being able to control ones attention,
behavior, thoughts and or emotions to override strong internal
predisposition or external lure and instead do whats more appropriate or
needed
inhibition of: Correct Answer-thoughts memories (cognitive inhibition)
attention (selective or focused attention)
behavior (self-control)
,working memory Correct Answer-limited capacity that operates to
temporally store and use recently presented information
active structure Correct Answer-where information is stored for a short
time and processed/manipulated
more working memory info Correct Answer-interface between
perception, long term memory and action
critical role in decision making, problem solving, movements
production, evaluation and long term memory
-enables people to respond according to the demands of a "right now"
situation
working memory characteristics Correct Answer--can store seven items
plus or minus items
-maintains information for 20-30 seconds losing parts of information
-encoding of smaller units of information into larger units
cognitive flexibility Correct Answer-broad term generally referring to
our ability to adapt flexibly to a constantly changing environment
cognitive flexibility abilities Correct Answer-*ability to change
perspective
-spatially (consider view from a different direction)
-interpersonally (consider an *issue from another standpoint)
,ability to change how we think about something
-trying various ways to solve a problem
*cognitive flexibility requires and builds inhibitory control working
memory
-find new solutions > need to inhibit familiar solutions and into the
working memory a different one
higher order executive functions REASONING Correct Answer-ability
to reach logical conclusions based on prior information
higher order executive functions PROBLEM SOLVING Correct
Answer-problem solving is the process of constructing and applying
mental representations of problems to finding solutions to those
problems that are encountered in nearly every context
higher order executive functions HIGH LEVEL PLANNING Correct
Answer-a process that considers action and their sequential
interdependence in terms of the desirability of their outcomes
short term memory Correct Answer-limited capacity system that
temporally stores information with no manipulation
long term memory Correct Answer-more permanent storage repository
of information
-info about specific past events and general knowledge
-relatively permanent state
, -unlimited capacity
long term memory subsystems Correct Answer-declarative memory
1) semantic
2) episodic
procedural
semantic memory Correct Answer-declarative
general knowledge about the world based upon experience (conceptual
knowledge)
episodic memory Correct Answer-declarative
personally experienced events along with temporal
associations (travel back in time)
procedural memory Correct Answer-enables us to know how to do
something as opposed to enabling us to know what to do
riding a bike
declarative KNOWLEDGE Correct Answer-what to do in a situation
that is verbalized
procedural KNOWLEDGE Correct Answer-enables one to actually
perform a skill
executive function Correct Answer-executive or cognitive control
executive functions Correct Answer-refer to family of top-down mental
processes needed when you have to concentrate or pay attention
automatic or relying on instinct or intuition would be ill-advised,
insufficient, or impossible
3 core executive functions Correct Answer-inhibitory control
working memory
cognitive flexibility
higher-level executive functions Correct Answer-reasoning, problem
solving, high-level planning
pre-frontal cortex is critical for executive functions
inhibitory control Correct Answer-being able to control ones attention,
behavior, thoughts and or emotions to override strong internal
predisposition or external lure and instead do whats more appropriate or
needed
inhibition of: Correct Answer-thoughts memories (cognitive inhibition)
attention (selective or focused attention)
behavior (self-control)
,working memory Correct Answer-limited capacity that operates to
temporally store and use recently presented information
active structure Correct Answer-where information is stored for a short
time and processed/manipulated
more working memory info Correct Answer-interface between
perception, long term memory and action
critical role in decision making, problem solving, movements
production, evaluation and long term memory
-enables people to respond according to the demands of a "right now"
situation
working memory characteristics Correct Answer--can store seven items
plus or minus items
-maintains information for 20-30 seconds losing parts of information
-encoding of smaller units of information into larger units
cognitive flexibility Correct Answer-broad term generally referring to
our ability to adapt flexibly to a constantly changing environment
cognitive flexibility abilities Correct Answer-*ability to change
perspective
-spatially (consider view from a different direction)
-interpersonally (consider an *issue from another standpoint)
,ability to change how we think about something
-trying various ways to solve a problem
*cognitive flexibility requires and builds inhibitory control working
memory
-find new solutions > need to inhibit familiar solutions and into the
working memory a different one
higher order executive functions REASONING Correct Answer-ability
to reach logical conclusions based on prior information
higher order executive functions PROBLEM SOLVING Correct
Answer-problem solving is the process of constructing and applying
mental representations of problems to finding solutions to those
problems that are encountered in nearly every context
higher order executive functions HIGH LEVEL PLANNING Correct
Answer-a process that considers action and their sequential
interdependence in terms of the desirability of their outcomes
short term memory Correct Answer-limited capacity system that
temporally stores information with no manipulation
long term memory Correct Answer-more permanent storage repository
of information
-info about specific past events and general knowledge
-relatively permanent state
, -unlimited capacity
long term memory subsystems Correct Answer-declarative memory
1) semantic
2) episodic
procedural
semantic memory Correct Answer-declarative
general knowledge about the world based upon experience (conceptual
knowledge)
episodic memory Correct Answer-declarative
personally experienced events along with temporal
associations (travel back in time)
procedural memory Correct Answer-enables us to know how to do
something as opposed to enabling us to know what to do
riding a bike
declarative KNOWLEDGE Correct Answer-what to do in a situation
that is verbalized
procedural KNOWLEDGE Correct Answer-enables one to actually
perform a skill
