Gel Electrophoresis Questions and Answers Already Passed

Gel Electrophoresis Questions and Answers Already Passed What property of DNA allows it to migrate towards the positive electrode during gel electrophoresis? DNA is negatively charged due to its phosphate backbone, causing it to move towards the positive electrode when an electric field is applied. In gel electrophoresis, what role does the gel matrix play in the separation of molecules? The gel matrix acts as a sieve, allowing smaller molecules to pass through more easily while restricting the movement of larger molecules. What alternative to agarose gel can be used for separating proteins in electrophoresis? Polyacrylamide gel is often used for separating proteins, providing higher resolution than agarose for small protein sizes. How does the voltage applied during gel electrophoresis influence the separation of DNA fragments? Higher voltages can speed up the migration of DNA fragments but may also cause increased heating, which can affect resolution and cause band distortion. 2 What is the effect of adding SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) in protein gel electrophoresis? SDS denatures proteins and imparts a uniform negative charge, allowing separation based on molecular weight rather than shape or charge. Why is it essential to run a control sample alongside experimental samples in gel electrophoresis? Running a control sample helps verify the experimental conditions and ensures that results are reliable and interpretable. How can gel electrophoresis be applied in gene therapy research? Gel electrophoresis can be used to confirm the presence and size of therapeutic gene constructs before they are introduced into patient cells. What are some common staining methods used for visualizing nucleic acids after gel electrophoresis? Common staining methods include ethidium bromide staining, SYBR Green, and GelRed, all of which bind to DNA and fluoresce under UV light. 3 How can gel electrophoresis assist in diagnosing genetic disorders? By analyzing DNA fragments, gel electrophoresis can help identify mutations associated with specific genetic disorders, aiding in diagnosis. What precautions should be taken when using UV light to visualize stained gels? UV light can cause skin and eye damage, so protective goggles and gloves should be worn, and skin should be shielded from exposure.