Gastroenteritis Module 4 Review Questions and Answers Already Passed

Gastroenteritis Module 4 Review Questions and Answers Already Passed What is the pathophysiology for gastroenteritis? - Answers inflammation of the stomach accompanied by diarrhea, abodominal cramping, N/V, and sometimes fever What are the clinical manifestation of gastroenteritis? - Answers - diarrhea - N/V - anorexia (loss of appetite) - abdominal distention - poor skin turgor - dehydration - hyperactive bowel sounds - decreased blood pressure - dry mucous membranes How do you diagnosis gastroenteritis? - Answers - stool culture - clinical evaluation What is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis? - Answers - viruses Which Viruses are most implicated in gastroenteritis? - Answers - norovirus - rotavirus What bacteria are most implicated in gastroenteritis? - Answers - staphylococcus aureus - salmonella - Shigella - clostridium species - campylobacter - escherichia coli. How do you ingest salmonella and campylobacter? - Answers ingesting raw or undercooked poultry, seafood, and unpasteurized milk How do you ingest Campylobacter? - Answers ingesting raw or undercooked chicken and unpasteurized milk; also transmitted by dogs and cats with diarrhea How do you ingest salmonella? - Answers ingested undercooked eggs and by contact with reptiles, birds, or amphibians How do you ingest shigella? - Answers transmitted person to person by fecal-oral route or food-borne What is the medical management for gastroenteritis? - Answers - supportive treatment such as rehydration orally or IV fluids What is the diet for a patient diagnosed with gastroenteritis? - Answers clear liquids are prescribed as long as tolerated - oral glucose-electrolyte solutions (pedialyte) - broth - bouillon *gradually increase foods starting with bland and easy-to-digest foods* What foods should they avoid with gastroenteritis? - Answers - caffeine - milk products what are the nursing interventions ----- assessments? - Answers - vital signs - abdominal distention - bowel sounds - serum electrolytes (BUN and creatine) - intake and output - perineal skin status - skin and mucous membranes - pain level What are the nursing interventions ------ actions? - Answers - perform hand hygiene - administer IV fluids - administer medications as ordered - give clear liquids - allow uninterrupted rest periods